The saying “Clothes Make the Man” dates back some 400 years and it refers to the fact that

f, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.

If you say to your children "I'm sorry I got angry with you, but...", what follows that "but" can render the apology ineffective: "I had a bad day" or "your noise was giving me a headache" leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior. in expecting an apology.

Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I'm sorry you're upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.

Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying "I'm useless as a parent" does not commit a person lo any specific improvement.

These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.

But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children's expectations can require an apology. A twelve-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent's clothes without permission is not.

If a mother adds "but" to an apology, ______.

A．she doesn't feel that she should have apologized

B．she does not realize that the child has been hurt

C．the child may find the apology easier to accept

D．the child may feel that he owes her an apology

Even though we had a hard life, she still maintained the attitude that everything was fine. I remember her coming home tired from her job at the restaurant and saying that we were lucky. We didn't have a lot of clothes or toys, but my mother always made sure we had enough to eat.

Her love and devotion for my brother and me made our lack of material possessions seem insignificant. Even today, if I were given a choice between having love at home and wealth, I would want it just the way I had it. I grew up poor in material things but rich in love.

Since my father was never around long enough to teach me physical things or to play games with me, I didn't succeed in any competitive sport. My mother did her best as a substitute, throwing a ball with me in the lot(空地) behind our house, but it wasn't the same. She was too protective of me, and I didn't have enough confidence in my own abilities to really try anything physically demanding.

The story suggests that the author is______his mother.

A．proud of

B．worried about

C．pitiful for

D．concerned about

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.

No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？ Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？ That is for you to decide.

36. Designers and big stores always make money .

A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry

B) because they are capable of predicting new fashions

C) by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing

D) because they attach great importance to quality in women's clothing

37. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as .

A) a waste of money B) a waste of time

C) an expression of taste D) an expression of creativity

38. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the of clothing.

A) cost B) appearance

C) comfort D) suitability

39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE？

A) New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.

B) The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of character.

C) The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.

D) Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.

40. By saying "the conclusions to be drawn are obvious" (Lines 1-2, Para. 4) the writer means that .

A) women's inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at

B) women are better able to put up with discomfort

C) men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers

D) men are more stable and reliable in character

Passage Two

The other day I heard an American say to a Chinese student of English "You speak very good English." But the student answered, "No, no. My English is very poor." The foreigner was quite surprised at the answer. Thinking he had not made himself understood or the student had not heard him clearly, he said, "Yes indeed, you speak English very well." But the Chinese student still kept saying "No". In the end the foreigner gave up and was at a loss what to say. What's wrong with the student's answer？ It is because he did not accept a compliment(赞美的话)as the English people do. He should have said "Thank you" instead of "No". He actually understood what the American had said. But he thought he should be modest. If he said "Thank you", that would mean he was too proud. According to the western culture, if someone says the dishes you have cooked are very delicious, you should say "Thank you". If someone says to a Woman "You look so beautiful with the new clothes on", she should be very happy and answer "Thank you". In our country we think being modest is a virtue and showing off a bad thing. But in the west, if you are modest and say "No, I'm afraid I can't do it well", then the others will take it for granted that you really cannot do it. If you often say "No", you will certainly be looked down upon by others. When asking for a job, if one says something like "Let me have a try on the job" instead of "Yes, I can certainly do it," he or she will never expect to get it. So in the west one should always be confident. Without self-confidence, he cannot go anywhere. Confidence is of great importance to one in a country where competition is quite keen.

40. Why was the American surprised at the Chinese student's answer？

A. Because he wondered whether the student could really speak good English.

B. Because he could hardly hear what the student had said.

C. Because he wouldn't like others to say "No".

D. Because the way to accept a compliment in China is not the same as that in the western countries.

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

Gestures aren't the only area in which the unwary traveler can get tripped up. Foreign cultures adhere to different business customs and behavior. For example: Caffeine junkies should restrain themselves in the Middle East.“Three cups of tea or coffee is　usually the polite limit in offices and during social　calls,” counsels “Travel Pak, ” a free publication of Alia, the Royal Jordanian Airline. “But if your host keeps going, you also may continue sipping. If you've had your fill, give your empty cup a quick twist a sort of wiggle—as you hand it back. That means “No more, thank you.”

Middle East visitors also should not be surprised “if others barge right into the office in the middle of your conversation with the person you are seeing,” notes “Travel Pak.” An old Arab custom calls for keeping an “open office.”The British, however, consider it impolite to interrupt a visitor, even after all business has been transacted. The commercial caller is expected to be sensitive to this point, know when to stop, and initiate his or her own departure.In Japan certain guests at evening business gatherings will leave early. They should be allowed to leave without effusive good byes. The Japanese consider formal departures to be disruptive in such cases and disturbing to remaining guests.　In Scandinavia and Finland business guests may be asked to shed their clothes and join their hosts in a sauna. The invitation is a sign that a good working relationship has been established.

In the Arab world, the word “no” must be mentioned three times before it is accepted. In contrast, it is considered good business manners to make many and long efforts to pick up the check.　In the People's Republic of China, gift giving is considered an insult, says Patrick J. Lewis, President of Club Universe, a Los Angeles tour operator. “If you want to give someone a gift, make sure it's modest in value.　This will not be considered offensive, but it may be declined, ” The Chinese manner of expressing friendship and welcome is to clap. Lewis adds. “Youmay be greeted with clapping when entering a factory, hospital, commune, or school.　Politeness dictates that you respond with applause, even though it may seem like you're clapping for yourself.”

31. In the Middle East, it is considered ____.

A) impolite to drink at least 3 cups of coffee

B) impolite to drink more than 3 cups of coffee unless your host drinks more

C) polite to ask the host to give you as more as he can

D) polite to leave a party as early as you want

32. In Japan, the guest at an evening party will ____.

A) leave early without saying good bye

B) stay as long as he can

C) stay to have a swimming with the host

D) present their business cards immediately

33. In Finland, business guests may ____.

A) take flowers to the host

B) send an expensive gift to the host

C) have a swimming or sauna with the host

D) present a business card

34. In China, a gift to the host means ____.

A) attemption to praise the host

B) a modest manner

C) a respondence of applause

D) offended action to the host's dignity

35. Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage？

A) Uninvited visitors are welcome in Middle Eastern office.

B) In Britain, business visitors can stay as long as they like.

C) In China, people may greet a foreigner's entering a school with clapping.

D) In the Arab world, saying “No” for 3 times until it is accepted.

根据下面材料，回答 26～30 题：

Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fused girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests.

Girls' attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it's not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What's more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children's marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children's behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.

Trade publications counseled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a "third stepping stone" between infant wear and older kids' clothes. It was only after "toddler" became common shoppers' term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist.

第 26 题 By saying "it is ... The rainbow"(line 3, Para 1), the author means pink _______.

[A]should not be the sole representation of girlhood

[B]should not be associated with girls' innocence

[C] cannot explain girls' lack of imagination

[D]cannot influence girls' lives and interests

nd self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making？ Do they like me？ Do I sound stupid？ Am I wearing unattractive clothes？ It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced？ Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life. What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making？” (Para 1)__________ A.Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance

B.People’s shyness make them care too much about their appearance and actions.

C.It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments.

D.Shy people think they are different from others.

According to the writer, self-awareness is __________.A.a good quality

B.the cause of unhappiness

C.harmful to people

D.a weak point of shy people

Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage？ _________A.Shyness helps us to develop our potential

B.Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better

C.Shyness can block our chances for a rich life

D.Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem

That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is ___________.A.good

B.unreal

C.very reasonable

D.harmful

It can be inferred from the passage that shy people ________.A.should find more of their weakness

B.should understand themselves in the right way

C.had better ignore their weakness

D.can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

re anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making？ Do they like me？ Do I sound stupid？ Am I wearing unattractive clothes？It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, havinglow self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced？ Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteems, it is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths.Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.

1、What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making？”

A、Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.

B、People’s shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.

C、It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments.

D、Shy people think they are different from others.

2、According to the writer, self-awareness is _______.

A、a good quality

B、the cause of unhappiness

C、harmful to people

D、a weak point of shy people

3、That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is _________.

A、good

B、unreal

C、very reasonable

D、harmful

4、Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？

A、Shyness helps us to develop our potential.

B、Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better.

C、Shyness can block our chances for a rich life.

D、Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem.

5、It can be inferred from the passage that shy people _______.

A、should find more of their weakness

B、should understand themselves in the right way

C、had better ignore their weakness

D、can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem

A、clothing,clothes

B、clothes,clothing

C、clothes,dresses

D、clothes,suits

Keep your elbows off the table. Don't eat or drink noisily. Say “please.” Most of us have heard our parents say these phrases many times. Did our parents simply enjoy enforcing these rules, or do good manners actually have a purpose in life？ As we grow, manners, or the socially correct way of acting, become more and more important. Good manners are necessary in business, social, and family situations.

In the work place, good manners can make the difference between getting a job and staying unemployed. When calling to set up an interview, one should be polite and professional to the person answering the phone. Arriving at the interview on time and well dressed is another way to impress the boss. Wearing jeans or shorts is not appropriate. Several days after the interview it is polite to send a letter thanking the interviewer for his or her time. Having good manners like these will impress people in business situations, and can increase one's success.

Manners are also important in social situations. When a friend calls with a party invitation, one should check the date and either accept or decline. Responding promptly to an invitation is an example of good social manners. When attending the party, one should not bring along people who weren't invited. A guest who shows up with five or six uninvited people will probably embarrass the host. When you leave the party it is polite to thank the host and ask if he needs any help cleaning up. Friends feel appreciated when they are treated this way.

It is easy to forget about good manners with family members, but manners become very important when people live together. We can be considerate to relatives by remembering to relay phone messages. It can be upsetting when messages are forgotten or written down wrong. Another problem can result from borrowing things without asking or returning them. One should always ask permission to borrow something, like clothes or even toothpaste. Being polite and returning borrowed things quickly will keep family members happy. Another way to respect family members is to knock on the door before entering a room because everyone appreciates having privacy. This type of behavior. will improve relationships and keep the house peaceful.

Many people believe that having good manners is not important, or is an old-fashioned way of behaving. However, parents realize that manners are important and they teach their children how to be polite so they can achieve many things. Although sitting up straight and remembering to say “thank you” may seem like a lot of trouble, having good manners will keep employers, friends, and family members happy.

51. Which of the following statements best summarises the second paragraph？

A. Wearing suitable clothes to a job interview is important.

B. To impress the interviewer, you must be punctual.

C. Good manners may help you secure a job.

D. Your success in business depends on good manners.

52. Which of the following is considered bad manners when you are invited to a party？

A. Telling the host whether you accept the invitation.

B. Bringing with you people the host has not invited.

C. Expressing how you enjoyed the party.

D. Offering to help with the cleaning up.

53. It is implied in the fourth paragraph that when people live together

A. they should respect each other's privacy.

B. they shouldn't keep borrowed things too long.

C. they shouldn't borrow each other's toothpaste.

D. they should write down phone messages for each other.

54. The writer of the article believes that

A. parents no longer insist that children should be polite.

B. saying “thank you” is too much trouble.

C. only old people say “thank you”.

D. people benefit from being polite.

55. The best title for this passage is

A. What Good Manners Mean.

B. How to Become a Courteous Person.

C. The Importance of Good Manners.

D. Courtesy in Society.