Besides, schools seem to be only interested in all the different exams,（) The colleg

you protect a child form. a large fast-food ad painted on her school locker(小柜)？ Or a toy ad on the side of his school bus？

As school budgets get smaller, a growing number of schools in the US are selling advertising space on lockers and buses and in gyms and cafeterias. It is an easy way for schools to make money. And ads may provides relief for parents exhausted by making each donations to support schools.

While parents can always turn off the television or the computer, they can’t keep advertising out of schools. This isn’t the first time the issue has come up. For example, a news program for teens has been criticized for including ads in its 12-month classroom broadcasts.

Parents groups successfully fought a plan by a company called Bus Radio to put music and ads into school buses.

But now things are different. Just last month, Los Angeles approved a plan to allow companies to advertise in the district’s schools. Officials say the plan could provide as much as $ 18 million for the school.

In St. Francis, Minn, school recently agreed to cover 10% to 15% of their lockers with ads. Edward Saxton, a teacher in the school, say, “So far, parents are accepting this as a way to bring in needed money. The money pays for programs like arts, sports, and music. Parents don’t like to see programs getting cut. Neither do I.. Besides, schools are thinking about the effects on kids all the time.”

However, Susan Linn, an educational experts, says, “Kids have already seen enough ads on TV, in magazines and on products they use daily. School is no place for advertisements at all.”

Reader, what about you？ Would you rather help run yet another school fundraiser, or expose your child to ads on lockers and buses？ Is keeping ads out of schools worth raising taxes, or increasing your own cash support for schools through donations？

47. Why do schools allow ads into schools？

A. To reduce parents’ burdens.

B. To solve their finanical problems.

C. To offer kids a wide choice of goods.

D. To improve their students’ living conditions.

48. Edward Saxon thinks that _____.

A. schools choose ads carefully

B. ads in schools should not be too much

C. shcools should be a place free from ads

D. in-schools do no harm to young kids.

49. What is this passage mainly about？

A. The negative efect of ads on kids.

B. Efforts to stop in-school advertising.

C. Whether ads should be allowed in schools.

D. Whether Parents should run fundraisers for schools.

50. Who are intended readers of the text？

A. Parents B. Teachers C. Educators D. Businessmen

听力原文：M: I haven't read that newspaper yet. When you've finished, may I see it？

W: I'll give it to you right now. I have to check our dinner anyway.

Q: z What is the woman doing besides reading the newspaper？

(18)

A．Eating dinner.

B．Writing a check.

C．Cooking.

D．Making a phone call.

完型填空

操作提示：通过题目中的下拉选项框选择恰当的词语补全填空。

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a {comprehend; comprehensive; comprehension} and structured approach to organizational management that seeks to improve the quality of products and services {with; through; in} ongoing refinements in response to continuous feedback. TQM requirements may be defined separately for a particular organization {or; and; as} may be in adherence to established standards, such as the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 9000 series. TQM can be applied to any type of organization; it originated in the manufacturing sector and has since been adapted for use in almost every type of organization imaginable, {among; besides; including} schools, highway maintenance, hotel management, and churches. As a current focus of e-business, TQM is based on quality management {from; to; at} the customer's point of view.

o make mor money. Because wealthy people are willing to take a risk, they are always presented with investment opportunities. It is amazing to see we don’t even stop and think for once that there could be other ways. Most of the education we receive in schools and colleges makes us think that taking up a job and working on it till you retire is the only way to make money. 二、汉译英。 公共汽车可能早到,因此我们得稳妥点,现在就动身。（）

Passage Two

Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.

In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers (大臣) or teachers.

In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.

As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.

Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with (涉及) special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.

36. The oldest university in the US is______.

A. Yale

B. Princeton

C. Harvard

D. Columbia

When you look up at the night sky, what do you see？ There are other(26)_____bodies out there besides the moon and stars. One of the most(27)_____of these is a comet.

Comets were formed around the same time the Earth was formed. They are(28)_____ice and other frozen liquids and gases.(29)_____these "dirty snowballs" begin to orbit the sun, just as the planets do.

As a comet gets closer to the sun, some gases in it begin to unfreeze. They(30)_____dust particles from the comet to form. a huge cloud. As the comet gets even nearer to the sun, a solar wind blows the cloud behind the comet, thus forming its tail. The tail and the(31)_____fuzzy atmosphere around a comet are(32)_____that can help identify this(33)_____in the night sky.

In any given year, about a dozen known comets come close to the sun in their orbits. The average person can’t see them all, of course. Usually there is only one or two a year bright enough to be seen with the(34)_____eye. Comet Hale-Bopp, discovered in 1995, was an unusually bright comet. Its orbit brought it(35)_____close to the Earth, within 122 million miles of it. But Hale-Bopp came a long way on its earthly visit. It won’t be back for another four thousand years or so.

"Culture consists of all shared products of human society" (Robertson, 1981 ). This means not only such material things as cities, organizations and schools, but also non-material things such as ideas, customs, family patterns, languages. Putting it simply, culture refers to the entire way of life of a society, "the ways of a people".

Language is a part of culture and plays a very important role in it. Some social scientists consider it the keystone of culture. Without language, the maintaining of culture would not be possible. On the other hand, language is influenced and shaped by culture, it reflects culture. In the broadest sense, language is the symbolic representation of a people, and it comprises their historical and cultural backgrounds, as well as their approach to life and their ways of living and thinking.

We should not go further into the relationship between language and culture. What needs to be stressed here is that the two interact, and that understanding of one requires understanding of the other.

Social scientists tell us that cultures differ from one another, that each culture is unique. As cultures are diverse, so languages are diverse. It is only natural then that with differences in cultures and differences in languages, difficulties often arise in communicating between cultures and across cultures. Understanding is not always easy.

Learning a foreign language well means more than merely mastering the pronunciation, gram mar, words and idioms. It means learning also to see the world . as native speakers of that language see it, learning the ways in which their language reflects the ideas, customs, and behaviors of their society, learning to understand their "language of the mind". Learning a language, in fact, is inseparable from learning its culture.

According to the first paragraph, the term "culture" refers to ______.

A．things like cities, organizations and schools

B．ideas, customs, family patterns, and languages

C．all things produced by human race

D．the total that constitute a society

g down into the earth and gather its treasures. Their leaves spread their broad surfaces to the air and __2__its riches, and out of what they have thus gathered they produce the beautiful flowers, the delicious fruits, and the golden grain. Let us study more closely the way__3__which a plant grow. The root pushes itself down into the earth.__4__it finds no water, it soon dies. If it finds water, it begins to suck it up and change it into sap.__5__the water, it takes up such parts of the soil as are dissolved in the water. Here, then, you see in what ways the food of the plant is different from that of animals.

1.();

A. what

B. as

C. that

D. whom

2.();

A. take in

B. take up

C. take down

D. take off

3.();

A. with

B. by

C. in

D. at

4.();

A. after

B. If

C. as

D. because

5.();

A. Except

B. Except for

C. Beside

D. Besides

Homecoming Day

In American schools there is something called Homecoming Day. Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can be the most important event of the year except graduation day. Students plan Homecoming Day for many weeks in advance.

Several days before Homecoming Day，students start to decorate the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team，and many other signs to welcome all the graduates. Many people still come to Homecoming Day twenty or thirty years after their graduation.

The members of school clubs build booths and sell lemonade，apples and sandwiches. Some clubs help to welcome visitors.

During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school.

Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. When the game is half over，the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students vote a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is great honor to be chosen.

Homecoming Day is a happy day，but it is not perfect unless the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses，the students still enjoy Homecoming Day. Some stay at the school to dance，and others go to a party. For everyone it is a day worth remembering. (240 words)

11. What do many high schools and colleges with a football team have？

A. A Homecoming game.

B. A Homecoming party.

C. A Homecoming dance

D. A Homecoming concert

12. When do students begin to plan the Homecoming Day？

A. Two weeks in advance.

B. One week in advance

C. Many weeks in advance

D. Two or three days in advance

13. What do students start to do several days before the Homecoming Day？

A. Stop classes for parties

B. Decorate the school

C. Set up welcoming groups

D. Hold all kinds of parties

14. Which is NOT mentioned about the things they do before the football game？

A. Look for teachers

B. See old friends

C. Talk together.

D. Order tickets

15. When does the band play school songs？

A. While the game is going on

B. After the game

C. When the game is half over

D. Before the game

ctory reports about the state of the public schools. One sat of experts asserts that the schools are better than they have been for years. Others say that the schools are in terrible shape and are responsible for every national problem from urban poverty to the trade deficit. One group of experts looks primarily at such indicators as test scores, and they cheer what they see: all the indicators—reading scores, minimum competency test results, the Scholastic Aptitude Test scores—are up, some by substantial margins. Students are required to take more academic courses—more mathematics and science, along with greater stress on basic skills, including knowledge of computers. More than 40 state legislatures have mandated such changes.

But in the eyes of another set of school reformers such changes are at best superficial and at worst counterproductive. These experts say that merely toughening requirements, without either improving the quality of instruction or, even more important, changing the way schools are organized and children are taught makes the schools worse rather than better. They challenge the nature of the test, mostly multiple choice or true or false, by which children's progress is measured; they charge that raising the test scores by drilling pupils to come up with the right answers does not improve knowledge, understanding and the capacity to think logically and independently. In addition, these critics fear that the get-tough approach to school reform. will cause more of the youngsters at the bottom to give up and drop out. This, they say, may improve national scores but drain even further the nation's pool of educated people.

The way to cut through the confusion is to understand the different yardsticks used by different observers.

Compared with what schools used to be like "in the good old days", with lots of drill and uniform. requirements, and the expectation that many youngsters who could not make it would drop out and find their way into unskilled jobs—by those yardsticks the schools have measurably improved in recent years.

But by the yardsticks of those experts who believe that the old school was deficient in teaching the skills needed in the modern world, today's schools have not become better. These educators believe that rigid new mandates may actually have made the schools worse.

The assertion of the experts who think schools axe doing better is based on the______.

A．qualification of the teachers

B．test scores

C．reading ability of the children

D．basic skills of the children