The rise of the nones has had a significant political impact. The voting nones helped give President Obama a second－term victory.（)

A.Selling a costless collar to Ford

B.Buying an option from Ford

C.Selling an option to Ford

D.None of the above

A．Maintaining the quantity of oil imported at constant yearly levels.

B．Increasing the number of oil tankers in its fleet.

C．Suspending diplomatic relations with major oil-producing nations.

D．Decreasing oil consumption through conservation.

E．Decreasing domestic production of oil.

Cheating is, of course, nothing new. But today,educators are finding that cheating on the part of students hasbecome more frequent than in the past. Whether it is copying a friend&39;s homework, using a preparedsheeton an exam, stealing advance copies of a final, writing down rules in one’s hand, or paying someone else to write a term paper, cheating appearsto have gained acceptance among agrowing number of studentsbetween 13 and 19.

In a 1978 study of cheating at twenty-two high schools in Georgia, it was found that cheating was common among good and poor students alike — although both boys and girls said they thought boys cheatedmore.

Why is student cheating on the rise？ No one really knows. Some blame cheating on a general loss of good values among today&39;s youth. They point to facts showing increaseddamageof public thin gs and school stealing and think that reports, such as Watergate have disappointed youth about the honesty of people in higher positions.

Others think that today&39;s youth are far more practical than their forefathers. In the late sixties and e arly seventies, students were filled with imaginations about changing the world, but today&39;s students feel great stressto succeed.

According to Paragraph1, Charlene took the test out because_____ .

A.her friends could answer none of the problems

B.she tore the testpaper to pieces

C.she stepped her shoeson the test paper

D.she did not want to fail in the math test

Charlene passedthe test because_____ .A.sheansweredall the questions by herself

B.shedid the test by cheating

C.shepersuadedher teacherto give her a B

D.shereturned to the classroom to redo the test

Which of the following is not an example to show that cheating is becoming more and more common？A.A student pays another for doing a test paper.

B.A student writes down something to be testedbefore anexam.

C.A student getswell preparedin his studiesbefore an exam.

D.A student getshomework from his classmateandthen copies it.

The 1978 study of cheating in Georgia shows that ______.A.only studentsin the 24 high schools cheatedin examinations

B.both good and poor studentscheatedin examinations

C.boys liked cheating while girls did not like it

D.more girls cheatedin examinations than boys did

One of the facts for the rise of cheating is that _____.A.more and more public things are damaged

B.good values disappoint students

C.more and more students begin to steal

D.honestpeople are in higher positions

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

The first course of British meals is soup, ___1___ on shallow plates.

Then comes fish; there is often a knife and fork ___2___ special shape.

If you are in ___3___ surroundings, keep an eye open for what the others are doing.

The next course generally ___4___ a joint of meat.

Pudding is the fourth course. ___5___ that he has finished with a course, a person lays his knife and fork on his plate with the handles towards him.

After the pudding or sweets, the ladies may get up and retire to the drawing-room, ___6___ the men a little longer over their wine, smoking and talking.

When the ladies rise, the men get up too, ___7___, and resume their seats when they have left the room. Soon the men rejoin the ladies.

It must not be imagined ___8___ all English people eat like this.

As in all countries, working-class people can afford ___9___ the time nor the money to live like this.

Their dinners are cooked not by a servant ___10___ by the mother of the family. All meals are much simpler than these served in the homes of the rich.

1).

A. served

B. serves

C. to serve

D. serving

2).

A. on

B. at

C. of

D. by

3).

A. unfamiliar

B. familiar

C. different

D. similar

4).

A. is consisted of

B. consists of

C. makes up of

D. composes of

5).

A. To show

B. Shown

C. Showing

D. Show

6).

A. to leave

B. leaves

C. left

D. leaving

7).

A. by respect

B. out of respect

C. in respect

D. in all respects

8).

A. what

B. this

C. that

D. which

9).

A. either

B. none

C. neither

D. both

10).

A. but

B. and

C. with

D. or

Your house is not worth as much today as it was a few years ago because of the increased crime rate in your neighborhood. Perhaps your business is not doing as well as it used to because tourism is down due to increased terrorism in your part of the world.

Crime, especially violent crime, has risen to a point where many people are afraid to walk al one in their own neighborhoods, afraid to open their door after dark, afraid to speak out and voice their own opinions. Some citizens have reacted by arming themselves with various weapons, legal and illegal, to defend themselves. Citizen groups have taken the law into their own hands by forming their own vigilante groups to administer judgment when they feel that their criminal justice system has not performed its duty.

Experts argue whether the number of crimes committed is actually on the rise or whether there is simply a rise in the number of crimes reported. This issue is particularly true in cases of marriage violence, the abuse of spouse or children. Throughout much of history, cases of family violence and neglect often went unreported because of the attitude of society, which considered family matters to be private.

Other experts argue about who is really to blame for criminal behavior. the individual or society. Researchers in the United States and Canada have identified several factors in society that contribute to the crime rate: massive urbanization, unemployment and poverty, and a large immigrant population. Other countries are more affected by factors such as politics, government corruption, and religion.

(1)What does the passage mainly discuss？

A、Crime the widespread problem.

B、The results caused by increasing violent crime.

C、Factors contributing to the crime rate.

D、Citizen groups combating crimes.

(2)The word shoplifting in line 4 is closest in meaning to _____________.

A、the crime of lifting the ban

B、the crime of moving the shops away

C、the crime of robbing things from shops

D、the crime of stealing things from shops

(3)Why does the author in Paragraph 2 mention citizen groups forming their own vigilante groups？

A、To show the criminal justice system is not just

B、To show citizens are powerful in combating crimes

C、To show crime is a serious social problem

D、To show citizens have rights in combating crimes

(4)According to the passage, which of the following are the factors contributing to United States’criminal behavior？

A、Politics, unemployment, poverty and a large immigrant population.

B、Massive urbanization, unemployment and poverty, and a large immigrant population.

C、Politics, government corruption, poverty and religion.

D、Massive urbanization, unemployment and poverty, and government corruption.

(5)Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？

A、Since you have never been robbed, you are not a victim of crime.

B、Some people use illegal weapons to defend themselves.

C、Only the individual should be responsible for the criminal behavior.

D、Family violence and neglect are considered family matters, and therefore private, so they are not crimes.

Passage One

"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote, "are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation."

Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With surging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.

Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico&39;s taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales if untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.

The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.

Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufactures have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.

Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however.

Some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.

While reformulating recipes(配方)is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multi-sided approach. The key is to remember that

there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, a mixture of approaches-including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes-will be needed. There is no silver bullet.

What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and tobacco.

A.They were profitable to manufacture.

B.They were in ever-increasing demand.

C.They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.

D.They were no longer considered necessities of life.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

If an economist as asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes—he would probably answer:those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947—1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increase may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. “In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things.” Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked.

The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conductive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

21.If a scientist wants to study consumer behavior, what must he do？

A) He must predict the way in which consumers will spend their money.

B) He must do scientific research.

C) He must know background of customers.

D) He must do research and learn the resources and motives of customers.

22.Which of the following groups borrow money most according to traditional assumption？

A) People with rising incomes.

B) People with stable incomes.

C) People with declining incomes.

D) None of the above.

23.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？

A) Traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.

B) The condition that most helps to produce spending appears to be price rising.

C) Maintaining stable prices is a common business policy.

D) The results of the investigation in America were not the same as those in Great Britain.

24.The research survey in America have showed that when the prices rise, ____.

A) people will hasten to buy

B) people will stop buying

C) people will postpone their purchase

D) people will buy more than they can use

25.The saving and spending patterns in America are ____ those at the same time in Britain.

A) different from B) much better than C) the same as D) much worse than

A.rise

B.rises

C.is rise

A.rise slightly

B.rise high

C.rise sharply

D.rise steadily

A.rise

B.rose

C.risen

(1) Life can be tough for immigrants in America. As a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, to find a good job “you have to be like a wolf in the forest – able to smell out the best meat.” And if you can’t find work, don’t expect the taxpayer to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hard for an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. A law passed in 1996 explicitly bars most immigrants, even those with legal status, from receiving almost any federal benefits. (2) That is one reason why America absorbs immigrants better than any other rich countries, according to a new study by the University of California. The researchers sought to measure the effect of immigration on the native-born in 20 rich countries, taking into account differences in skills between immigrants and natives, imperfect labor markets and the size of the welfare state in each country. (3) Their results offer ammunition for fans of more open borders. In 19 out of 20 countries, the authors calculated that shutting the doors entirely to foreign workers would make the native-born worse off. Never mind what it would do to the immigrants themselves, who benefit far more than anyone else from being allowed to cross borders to find work. (4) The study also suggests that most countries could handle more immigration than they currently allow. In America, a one-percentage point increase in the proportion of immigrants in the population made the native-born 0.05% better off. The opposite was true in some countries with generous or ill-designed welfare states, however. A one-point rise in immigration made the native-born slightly worse off in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. In Belgium, immigrants who lose jobs can receive almost two-thirds of their most recent wage in state benefits, which must make the hunt for a new job less urgent. (5) None of these effects was large, but the study undermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from native or drag down their wages. Many immigrants take jobs that Americans do not want, the study finds. This “smooths” the labor market and ultimately creates more jobs for locals. Native-owned grocery stores do better business because there are immigrants to pick the fruit they sell. Indian computer scientists help American software firms expand. A previous study found that because immigrants typically earn less than locals with similar skills, they boost corporate profits, prompting companies to grow and hire more locals. 1. Increase in immigration in Austria fails to improve locals’ life mainly because of ________.

A、low wages for locals

B、imperfect labor markets

C、the design of the welfare system

D、inadequate skills of immigrants