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题目
Passage One
"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote, "are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation."
Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. With surging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.
Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico&39;s taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales if untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.
The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.
Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufactures have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.
Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however.
Some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.
While reformulating recipes(配方)is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multi-sided approach. The key is to remember that
there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, a mixture of approaches-including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes-will be needed. There is no silver bullet.
What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and tobacco.
A.They were profitable to manufacture.
B.They were in ever-increasing demand.
C.They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.
D.They were no longer considered necessities of life.
更多“Passage One"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote, "”相关的问题
第1题
Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar？
A.They are under growing pressures to balance their national budgets.
B.They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.
C.They practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable
D.The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.
第2题
According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by
A．the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.
B．unexpected changes in temperature.
C．the sugar content of the grapes.
D．the tempo of the seasons.
第3题
According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by
A．the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.
B．unexpected changes in temperature.
C．the sugar content of the grapes.
D．the tempo of the seasons.
第4题
According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by ______.
A．the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.
B．unexpected changes in temperature.
C．the sugar content of the grapes.
D．the tempo of the seasons.
第5题
According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by ______.
A．the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.
B．unexpected changes in temperature.
C．the sugar content of the grapes.
D．the tempo of the seasons.
第6题
According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by ______.
A．the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.
B．unexpected changes in temperature.
C．the sugar content of the grapes.
D．the tempo of the seasons.
第7题
第8题
Fashion is a hard business. There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant breakneck (高速而危险的) speed to prepare for the next season's collections. It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to cultivate good coverage in newspapers and magazines. It al so requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy. "We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is," says Lydia Kemeny, the Head of Fashion at St. Martin's School of Art in London. "And we point out that drive and determination are essential."
This may seem far removed from the popular image of fashionable young people spending their time designing pretty dresses, That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college won't be slow in introducing students to commercial realities. "We don't stamp on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the constraints of price, manufacturability, marketing and so on."
Almost all fashion design is done to a brief. It is not a form. of self-expression as such, although there is certainly room for imagination and innovation. Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a manufacturer or fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style. of their employer. Even those students who are most avant-garde (标新立异的) in their own taste of clothes and image may need to adapt to produce designs which are right for the main stream of market. They also have to be able to work at both tire exclusively expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be demanding.
To be successful as a fashion designer you must ______.
A．have excellent academic qualifications
B．be able to handle business problems
C．be well established before you are 20
D．have taken an intensive commercial course
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