阅读：Ascientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:

A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

If an economist as asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes—he would probably answer:those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947—1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increase may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. “In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk; we’ll have less to spend on other things.” Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked.

The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conductive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

21.If a scientist wants to study consumer behavior, what must he do？

A) He must predict the way in which consumers will spend their money.

B) He must do scientific research.

C) He must know background of customers.

D) He must do research and learn the resources and motives of customers.

22.Which of the following groups borrow money most according to traditional assumption？

A) People with rising incomes.

B) People with stable incomes.

C) People with declining incomes.

D) None of the above.

23.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？

A) Traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.

B) The condition that most helps to produce spending appears to be price rising.

C) Maintaining stable prices is a common business policy.

D) The results of the investigation in America were not the same as those in Great Britain.

24.The research survey in America have showed that when the prices rise, ____.

A) people will hasten to buy

B) people will stop buying

C) people will postpone their purchase

D) people will buy more than they can use

25.The saving and spending patterns in America are ____ those at the same time in Britain.

A) different from B) much better than C) the same as D) much worse than