（） everyone expected, Tom did the best in the competition.

arn a great many things that are expected of everyone who participates effectively in that culture. These things are taken for granted by everyone who shares the culture. Indeed, the children begin to learn them before their linguistic skills(语言技巧)are far enough developed to understand a verbal description for what they are learning. This kind of learning has sometimes been called “imitation”, but that is too simple an explanation for the complex processes that go on when a child learns what is normal and expected in his own community. Most of the rules are communicated to the child non-verbally, and he adapts to them as if no other possibilities existed. They are much a part of him as his own body; he would no more question them than he would question the fact that he has two hands and has two legs and two feet, but only one head.

(1)Children have to learn a large number of things which ______ in their culture,

A.are difficult for them to lean

B.are regarded as especially important for them

C.are regarded as normal by everyone

D.are good for them to learn

(2)Children begin to learn things by _______.

A.using their linguistic skill

B.understanding what they are learning

C.communicating effectively

D.imitating what others are doing

(3)The learning processes for the children are ________.

A.complex

B.simple

C.normal

D.skilful

(4)Children accept the communication rules_______.

A.thoughtfully

B.unconsciously

C.cautiously

D.choosingly

(5)Which of the following statement is correct？

A.Children always ask why they have two hands

B.Children learn all that they are expected through imitations

C.Children learn things faster than adults

D.Children adapt to the communication rules naturally

e think most meetings feel like a waste of time. They seem pointless and boring at times. Then how do you run an effective meeting？First, assign roles, such as greeter, timekeeper and note taker, so that you, the organizer, can be free to lead discussions and presentations. Next, take charge from the start. Everyone will listen to you and join your discussion if you take charge in every aspect of the meeting. Show everyone that you really know what you are talking about, and everything that you talk about is useful. Most important of all, follow the agenda. At the end of the meeting, spend a little extra time for the participants to discuss anything that needs to be immediately discussed but which may not have been on the agenda. Always ask the participants questions to speak their minds and keep them interested. Remember that a good meeting is a two way communication. Be open to everyone's opinion, ideas, and suggestions. Don't forget to thank them for the ideas they present. And finally, close the meeting with everyone knowing what is expected of them and what they should do for the following weeks. Then, send out meeting minutes within a few days, while everyone still remembers the points.

Most meetings are sometimes thought to be___.

A.solving many problems

B.discussing important matters

C.killing time and uninteresting

阅读理解：阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容进行判断，正确写“T”错误写“F”。

Meetings are very common nowadays. They can be weekly, monthly or annually. Some people think most meetings feel like a waste of time. They seem pointless and boring at times.

Then how do you run an effective meeting？

First, assign roles, such as greeter, timekeeper and note taker, so that you, the organizer, can be free to lead discussions and presentations.

Next, take charge from the start. Everyone will listen to you and join your discussion if you take charge in every aspect of the meeting. Show everyone that you really know what you are talking about, and everything that you talk about is useful.

Most important of all, follow the agenda. At the end of the meeting, spend a little extra time for the participants to discuss anything that needs to be immediately discussed but which may not have been on the agenda.

Always ask the participants questions to speak their minds and keep them interested. Remember that a good meeting is a two-way communication. Be open to everyone's opinion, ideas, and suggestions. Don't forget to thank them for the ideas they present.

And finally, close the meeting with everyone knowing what is expected of them and what they should do for the following weeks.Then, send out meeting minutes within a few days, while everyone still remembers the points.

1. A successful meeting should have different people to play different roles. {T、F}

2. Generally people only discuss the items listed on the agenda in a successful meeting.{T、F}

3. An unsuccessful meeting might be full of single-way communication. {T、F}

4. When the meeting is closed, it means there is nothing to do in the following weeks. {T、F}

5. Minutes should be sent out to the participants within a month after the end of the meeting. {T、F}

阅读下列短文，并根据短文内容判断其后的句子是正确(T)还是错误(F)。

Meetings are very common nowadays. They can be weekly, monthly or annually. Some people think most meetings feel like a waste of time. They seem pointless and boring at times.

Then how do you run an effective meeting？

First, assign roles, such as greeter, timekeeper and note taker, so that you, the organizer, can be free to lead discussions and presentations.

Next, take charge from the start. Everyone will listen to you and join your discussion if you take charge in every aspect of the meeting. Show everyone that you really know what you are talking about, and everything that you talk about is useful.

Most important of all, follow the agenda. At the end of the meeting, spend a little extra time for the participants to discuss anything that needs to be immediately discussed but which may not have been on the agenda.

Always ask the participants questions to speak their minds and keep them interested. Remember that a good meeting is a two way communication. Be open to everyone's opinion, ideas, and suggestions. Don't forget to thank them for the ideas they present.

And finally, close the meeting with everyone knowing what is expected of them and what they should do for the following weeks. Then, send out meeting minutes within a few days, while everyone still remembers the points.

()21. A successful meeting should have different people to play different roles.

()22. Generally people only discuss the items listed on the agenda in a successful meeting.

()23. An unsuccessful meeting might be full of single-way communication.

()24. When the meeting is closed, it means there is nothing to do in the following weeks.

()25. Minutes should be sent out to the participants within a month after the end of the meeting.

res. These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners. These differences can create problems.

For example, in France, business meetings begin promptly at the designated time and everyone is expected to be there. Foreign business people who are tardy are often left outside to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.

A second traditional problem is that of monetary conversions. For example, if a transaction is conducted with Russia, payment may be made in rubles. Of course, this currency is of little value to the American firm. It is, therefore, necessary to convert the foreign currency to American dollars. How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars？ This conversion rate is determined by every market, where the currencies of countries are bought and sold. Thus there is an established rate, although it will often fluctuate from day to day. For example, the ruble may be worth '0.75 on Monday and '0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia. In addition, there is the dilemma associated with converting at '0.72. Some financial institutions may be unwilling to pay this price, feeling that the ruble will sink much lower over the next week. As a result, conversion may finally come at '0.69. These "losses" must be accepted by the company as one of the costs of doing business overseas.

A third unique problem is trade barriers. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders. Some trade barriers are directly related to exports. For example, the United States permits strategic military material to be shipped abroad only after government permission has been obtained. Most trade barriers, however, are designed to restrict import. Two of the most common import barriers are quotas and tariffs.

The best title for the passage would be ______.

A．How to Succeed in International Trade

B．Monetary Conversion

C．Trade Barriers

D．Unique Problems in International Trade

gh trained health care workers to meet the needs of older adults.So, they are turning to Vietnam for help.This month, 100 young Vietnamese aregoing to Germany as part of a project to train what are called geriatric (老年的) nursesto work in the European country.The trainees recently completed a six-monthlanguage and culture class, they will spend the next two years in anoccupational training program.If the trainees pass the final exam, they willbe able to work in Germany as geriatric nurses for another 3 years.

Germany is facing a crisis as low birth rates combine with a growingpopulation of citizens who are living longer.About 20 percent of thepopulation is over the age of 65, and that percentage is expected to continuerising.

This is a problem Japan also faces.Later this year, 150 Vietnamesecandidates will go to Japan for two years of training at the country'shospitals, after that they are expected to take the national nursing exam.Japanalready trains nurses from the Philippines and Indonesia, but the health caresystem has been criticized for being too harsh.All candidates must take thesame exam, but it is very difficult for foreign applicants because few canspeak the Japanese language.

Even with an aging population, many Japanese are opposed toforeigners working in some industries.Critics say foreign labor could lead tohigher unemployment, but there is little opposition to foreign nurses.

In Vietnam, the situation is very different.60 percent of thepopulation was born after the Vietnam war ended in 1985.There are not enoughjobs for everyone who wants one in Vietnam, but learning the nursing skills canhelp them find jobs overseas.

16.The overseas Vietnamese nurses mustcomplete the following EXCEPT().

A.a culture course

B.a health care exam

C.a language training

D.a driving test

17.A Vietnamese youngster will spend at least()in Germany before working there as a geriatricnurse.

A.six months

B.one and a half years

C.two and a half years

D.five years

18.It is inferred from the passage that()inJapan.

A.the health care system is much more strict than that in Germany

B.the majority of nurses are from Vietnam,Indonesia and the Philippines

C.the Vietnamese who pass the national exams will be trained at hospitals

D.foreigners find it hard to pass nursing exams because few can speak Japanese

19.Faced with the aging population, manyJapanese().

A.welcome foreign nurses working in Japan

B.oppose foreign labor working in most places

C.criticize the government for being tooharsh

D.blame the government for highunemployment

20.The last paragraph indicates that().

A.the Vietnamese also face the agingproblem

B.over half of the Vietnamese are underthe age of 45

C.sixty percent people cannot find jobs inVietnam

D.more and more Vietnamese have found jobs abroad

Goal of American Education

Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.

Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone — not just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.

Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and "Americanizing" the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.

The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time, learning how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.

This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time: "How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand？"

Which of the following best states the goal of American education？

A．To teach every learner some practical skills.

B．To provide every learner with rich knowledge.

C．To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.

D．To train every student to be a responsible citizen.

Part B

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

As part of more comprehensive compliance and ethics programs, many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to the ethical conduct of employees. These policies can be simple exhortations in broad, highly-generalized language (typically called a corporate ethics statement) , or they can be more detailed policies, containing specific behavioral requirements (typically called corporate ethics codes). 61) They are generally meant to identify the company' s expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might a-rise in the course of doing business. 62) It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness, consistency in application, and the avoidance of ethical disasters.

63) An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and legal requirements. Some companies even require their employees to sign agreements stating that they will abide by the company' s rules of conduct.

Many companies are assessing the environmental factors that can lead employees to engage in unethical conduct. A competitive business environment may call for unethical behavior. Lying has become expected in fields such as trading. An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical actions of the Saloman Brothers.

Not everyone supports corporate policies that govern ethical conduct. Some claim that ethical problems are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own judgment.

Others believe that corporate ethics policies are primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns, and that they are mainly to limit the company' s legal liability, or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of being a good corporate citizen. Ideally, the company will avoid a lawsuit because its employees will follow the rules. 64) Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly.

Sometimes there is disconnection between the company' s code of ethics and the company' s actual practices. 65) Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞两面派的), and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.

(61)

an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less. But it still exists. Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the "middle class" and the "working class" (We shall ignore for a moment the old "upper class", since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life.) The middle class consists chiefly of businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.

The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of "received pronunciation" which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called "public school" immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life. Their midday meal is "lunch" and they have a rather formal evening meal called "dinner", whereas the working man's dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.

It has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently. However, regardless of one's social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a laborer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word "sir", except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.

The "upper class" in England today______.

A．are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to them

B．still uses old words like "sir" in their everyday life

C．can sits in the House of Lords

D．refers only to the royal family

with his brother over in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday; it was not just that he invariably suffered badly from jet lag; it was that Monday mornings always began with a team meeting and, over the months, he had grown to hate them.

Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agendas; they enjoyed game-playing, and he knew that people were not being honest and open. The meetings themselves were bad enough—but then there was all the moaning afterwards. “The usual people say the usual things.” “I could have improved on that idea, but I wasn’t going to say.” “I was thinking of making a suggestion—but I couldn’t be bothered.”

As this morning’s meeting began, Martin braced himself for the usual moroseness (闷闷不乐) and monotony. But, as the meeting progressed, he became aware of a strange background noise. At first, he thought that he was still hearing the engine noise from the aircraft that had brought him back to London—he had had to sit over the wing and the noise was terrible. But, as he concentrated on the noise, it became a little clearer.

He realized—to his amazement—that he could hear what his colleagues were thinking as well as what they were saying. As he concentrated still harder, he found that he could actually hear what they were thinking at the same time as they were speaking. What surprised him, even more than the acquisition of this strange power, was that he discovered that what people were saying was not really what they were thinking. They were not making clear their reservations. They were not supporting views which they thought might be unpopular. They were not contributing their new insights. They were not volunteering their new ideas.

Martin found it impossible not to respond to his new knowledge. So he started to make gentle interventions, based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying. “So, John, are you really saying …？” “Susan, do you really think that？” “Tom, have you got an idea on how we could take this forward？” He was aware that his colleagues were unsettled by how insightful these interventions were. They looked at him mystified.In truth, he felt rather proud of his newly-acquired talent.

Given more confidence now, Martin forgot his usual misery at participating in such meetings and began making comments of his own. However, he became aware that some of his colleagues were looking at him totally confused.One or two even had a gentle smile playing on their lips. Only gradually did it dawn on them—he could hear their thoughts and they were not really saying what they were thinking.

As the meeting progressed, Martin became aware of changes to the tone and style. of the event. It was clear to him now that, one by one, each member of the meeting was learning how to hear the thoughts of all the others and this was subtly changing how they interacted with one another. The game-playing started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting.

The meeting ended.As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were thinking. “That was the best meeting we’ve ever had.” “All meetings should be like that.” “In future, I’m going to say what I think.”

46. Why did Martin hate the team meetings？（）

A. His colleagues were making stories.

B. His colleagues complained too much.

C. His colleagues pretended to be friendly.

D. His colleagues held back their true feelings.

47. Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “braced himself for” in Paragraph 3 ？（）

A. prepared himself for B. adapted himself to

C. concemed himself about D. persuaded himself into

48. With the strange power of being able to hear what others were thinking and saying, Martin realized that______.（）

A. he had been cheated

B. he was lucky to know the truth

C. people didn’t mean what they said

D. people were unwilling to work there

49. Which of the following can be expected at future team meetings？（）

A. Everyone will be cooperative. B. Everyone will be straightforward.

C. Everyone will be respectful. D. Everyone will be considerate.

50. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？（）

A. A Mysterious Power B. A Meeting of Minds

C. Trust Means All D. Unity Is Success