The public store is close at 9:00 p.m._____ no need to worry, it is just 7:30 p.m.A

A.You have

B.They have

C.It is

D.There is

Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) service providers offer organizations fully integrated PKI-managed services designed to secure Intranet, Extranet, Virtual Private Network(VPN), and e-commerce applications. PKI solutions can enable a number of security services, including strong authentication and non-repudiation of transactions.eToken enables the users of PKI systems to generate and store(101)and digital certificates inside the token, creating a secure environment and allowing full portability and maximum ease of use. eToken Pro can also perform. sensitive on-chip(102)operations, ensuring that users' keys axe never exposed to the PC environment, eToken eliminates the need to store(103)and keys on a hard disk or browser file, or to transmit them across the Internet/Extranet; assuring peace-of-mind and confidence during online communications.A digital signature is created using the private key of an individual to ensure the Validity of his request. This technology can be used to guarantee(104)of various transactions. The strength of either the authentication level or the digital signature relies on the level of protection offered to the private key. eToken Pro offers the maximum level of security, since it enables the use of the private key for signing and authenticating inside the eToken.The most secure use of authentication involves enclosing at least one certificate with every signed message. The message(105)verifies the certificate using the CA's public key. If the sender's public key is legitimate, the recipient verifies the message's signature. Digital signatures created with a private key are verified with the digital certificate containing the public key.

A．private keys

B．public keys

C．authentication codes

D．message digests

t live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.

A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.

Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.

Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo (立体声音响) does not work."

The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' rights.

When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to ______.

A．complain personally to the manager

B．threaten to take the matter to court

C．write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase

D．show some written proof of the purchase to the store

When Bill de Blasio ran for New York City mayor last year, he promised to end a controversial （有争议的）, citywide cell-phone ban（禁令）in public schools, which is not equally enforced in all schools. Now, under his leadership, the city is preparing to end the ban. It will be replaced by a policy that allows phones inside schools but tells students to keep them packed away during class.

Many schools have a rule about enforcing the ban that says, “If we don't see it, we don't know about it.” That means teachers are OK with students bringing in cell phones, as long as they stay out of sight and inside bags and pockets.

But at the 88 city schools with metal detectors, die ban has been strictly enforced. The detectors were installed to keep weapon out of schools，but the scanners（扫描器）can also detect cell phones. So students at these schools must leave their phones at home or pay someone to store it for them.

The ban was put into place in 2007 under mayor Michael Bloomberg. Ending the ban will also likely end an industry that has sprung up near dozens of the schools that enforce the ban. Workers in vans（厢式货车）that resemble food tracks store teens' cell phones and Other devices for a dollar a day,

Critics of the ban say cell phones are important safety devices for kids during an emergency. They also say that enforcement of the ban is uneven and discriminatory. Where the ban is enforced, it puts a disadvantage on students who can't afford to pay to store their phones.

Before putting an official end to the cell-phone ban, city education officials are working on creating a new policy. It will include rules about not using the phones during class or to cheat on tests.

1. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage？

A. New York City will give financial aid to poor students.

B. New York City plans to restrict cell phone use in libraries.

C. New York City plans to install metal detectors in all public schools.

D. New York City will soon end a ban on cell phones in schools.

2. Students pay___________ a day to leave their cell phones in a van parked near their school.

A. a dollar

B. two dollars

C. five dollars

D. ten dollars

3. Metal detectors were installed in 88 city schools, mainly to keep ___________ out of schools.

A. cell phones

B. weapons

C. alcohol

D. drugs

4. The word discriminatory in Paragraph 5 probably means ___________.

A. necessary

B. tough

C. strict

D. unfair

5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE？

A. After the cell-phone ban is ended, students can use their phones during class.

B. The cell-phone ban is equally enforced in all public schools.

C. The cell-phone ban was put into place in 2008 under Mayor Bill de Blasio.

D. A phone-storage industry has appeared outside the 88 metal-detector campuses.

ain alone, about HK ＄ 3,000,000's worth of goods are stolen from shops every week. This amounts to something like HK ＄150 million a year, and represents about 4 per cent of the shops' total stock. As a result of this "shrinkage" as the shops call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices.

2 Shop-lifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateurs, and the people who just can't help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, two way mirrors and various other technological devices, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shop-lifting.

3 The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts.

4 The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of

shop-lifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When caught, all are liable to prosecution, and the decision whether to send for the police or not is in the hands of the store manager.

5 In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in shop-lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the other 999,999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years' time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!

Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops？

A．There is a "shrinkage" in market values.

B．Many goods are not available.

C．Goods in many shops lack variety.

D．There are many cases of shop-lifting.

听力原文： It is said that the public and Congressional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus started because Senator Hart discovered that the boxes of cereals consumed by him, Mrs. Hart, and their children were becoming higher and narrower, with a decline of net weight from 12 to 10.5 ounces, without any reduction in price. There were still twelve biscuits, but they had been reduced in size. Later, the senator rightly complained of a store bought pie in a handsomely illustrated box that pictured, in a single slice, almost as many cherries as there were in the whole pie.

The manufacturer who increases the unit price of his product by changing his package size to lower the quantity delivered can, without undue hardship, put his product into boxes, bags, and tins that will contain even 4-ounce, 8-ounce, one-pound, two-pound quantities of breakfast foods, cake mixes, etc. A study of drug store and supermarket shelves will convince any observer that all possible size and shapes of boxes, jars, bottles, and tins are in use at the same time and, as the package journals show, week by week, there is never any hesitation in introducing a new size and shape of box or bottle when it aids in product differentiation. The producers of packaged products argue strongly against changing sizes of packages to contain even weights and volumes, but no one in the trade comments unfavourably on the huge costs incurred by endless changes of package sizes, materials, shape, art work, and net weights that are used for improving a product's market position.

When a packaging expert explained that he was able to multiply the price of hard sweets by 2.5, from 1 dollar to 2.5 dollars by changing to a fancy jar, or that he had made a 5-ounce bottle look as though it held 8 ounces, he was in effect telling the public that packaging can be a very expensive luxury. It evidently does come high, when an average family pays about 200 dollars a year for bottles, cans, boxes, jars and other containers, most of which can't be used for any thing but stuffing in to the garbage can.

？You will hear a talk presented by a reporter. This talk is about deceptive packing.

？For each question 23—30 mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer.

？After you have listened once, replay the recording.

Consumers are concerned about the changes in the package size, mainly because ______.

A．they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar with

B．the unit price for a product often rises as a result

C．they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizes

ith energy. Firstly, the radioactive material must travel from its place of manufacture to the power station.【2】the power stations themselves are solidly built, the con-tainers used for transport of the material are not. Unfortunately, there are【3】only two methods of transport available,【4】road or rail, and both of these【5】close contact with the general public,【6】the routes are【7】to pass near, or even through,【8】populated areas.

Secondly, there is a problem of wastes. All nuclear power stations produce wastes which【9】will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is【10】to de-active these wastes, and so they must be stored【11】one of the ingenious but cumbersome ways that scientists have invented. For example, they must be buried under the ground【12】sunk in the sea. However, these【13】do not solve the problem completely, they merely store it, since an earth-quake could【14】open the containers like nuts.

Thirdly, there is the problem of accidental exposure【15】to a leak or an explosion at the power station.【16】with the other two hazards, this is not very likely and does not provide a serious【17】to the nuclear program,【18】it can happen, as the inhabitants of Harrisburg will tell you.

Separately and during short periods, these three types of risk are no great cause for concern. 【19】though, and especially【20】much longer periods, the probability of a disaster is extremely high.

(1)

A．related

B．connected

C．associated

D．affiliated

Here are some tips (建议) on how to stay safe in earthquakes (地震).

(1)Stay inside and duck and cover. Get under a desk or table, or stand in a corner or under a doorway. Cover your head and neck with your arms.(2)Move against a wall if in a high building with no protective desk or table nearby. Cover your head and neck with your arms.(3)Try to get into an open area away from trees, buildings, walls, and power lines (电杆) if outdoors.(4)Pull over (停靠) to the side of the road away from overpasses (天桥) and power lines if driving. Stay in your car until the shaking ends.(5)Get away from shelves or other areas where objects may fall if in a crowded store or public area. Do not run for the door. Lower your body close to the ground and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.(6)Stay in your seat if in a cinema or a theater. Get below the level of the back of the seat and cover your head and neck with your arms.(7)If you take cover (躲避) under a strong piece of furniture，hold on to it and be prepared to move with it.(8)Try to stay away from kitchens, where there are often many objects that might fall or get burnt.

(1) The underlined word “duck” in Tip 1 means ().

A、a water bird with short legs

B、some kind of meat for eating

C、walk like a duck

D、lower your head or body very quickly

(2) () should be the most important part(s) to be protected in an earthquake.

A、Your head and arms

B、Your arms

C、Your neck and arms

D、Your head and neck

(3) Tip3 and Tip4 give you some advice on what you should do when you are ().

A、inside a building

B、outside a building

C、in your house

D、in a store

(4) According to the passage,which tip is wrong？

A、Cover your head and neck with your arms.

B、Try to get into an open area away from trees and buildings.

C、Stay in your seat if in a cinema or a theater.

D、Run for the door when you were in an earthquake.

(5) What is the main meaning of this passage？

A、To tell us that where is safe during an earthquake.

B、How to stay safe in earthquakes？

C、To describe the hazards of earthquakes.

D、It is important to learn about knowledge on self-care.

h as the following: 1.Customer service is a core function in the logistics process.Each business entity should have a customer service department to handle complaints,special orders,loss and damage claims,returns,bills problem,and etc.This function becomes crucial because any dissatisfaction can lead to failure to retain customers. 2.Inventory management is to maintain the stock of raw materials and half-finished products.In order to satisfy the customers'demand and minimize costs,a company should establish an optimal level of inventory to meet the market demand that exceeds our expecta-tions,and at the same time,minimize your inventory holding costs and inventory write-down costs. 3.Transportation has taken a great role in many logistics systems for two reasons.First of all,globalization and importing-exporting activities make most products necessary to be transferred from one country to another.Secondly,information revolution has propelled the manufacturing process and consumer behaviors to be changed drastically.Traditional trans-portation methods need to be upgraded to accommodate modern transportation demand,therefore,containerization and usage of information sharing system emerge. 4.Storage is needed to manage the materials and store ready-for-market products in warehouses.There is new technology applied in the storage,for example,automatic ware-house.Old-fashioned warehouse has become the distribution center where container trucks deliver and pick up the goods. 5.Information system links all logistics processes and integrates all information to en-sure all the handling of large quantity of goods are delivered in an efficient,cost-effective and accurate manner. Questions:

Why does information system contribute to an efficient logistics system？()

A.To link and integrate all logistics functions.

B.To gather new information.

C.To eliminate wrong data.

D.To make all data public for future use.