These safety measures will ____ the reduction of accidents

I really am not qualified to ()the safety or lack of safety in drinking this water.

A、valuate

B、measure

C、evaluate

D、vaulte

A check line is ______．

A.A safety line attached to a man working over the side

B.Used to measure water depth

C.Used to slow the headway of a barge

D.Used to measure the overhead height of a bridge

The Development of the Modern Hot Air Balloon

The modern hot air balloon is constructed by suspending a wicker basket underneath a large bag of nylon fabric, known as an envelope. The wicker basket carries the balloon's pilot, any other passengers, and the propane tanks that provide the balloon with a source of fuel The propane tanks are connected by hose to a pair of burners, which are Located between the basket and the envelope. When the burners ignite, their heat passes through the balloon's skirt—a circular sheath of fire-resistant material at the mouth of the envelope—and finally into the envelope itself. Located at the top of the envelope is a parachute vent, a mechanism that allows the pilot to release hot air and increase the balloon's rate of descent when required. This is controlled by a parachute valve cord that extends through the balloon, and into the basket.

The use of hot air balloons can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history (220-280 AD). Huge Lang used these early incarnations, known as Congaing lanterns, as military signals. The first manned flight on record took place in France on October 15th, 1783. In a balloon constructed by Jacques-Etienne Mongolia, a Frenchman named Pitter de Rosier was elevated eighty feet off the ground. Modern hot air balloons, with their capacity to ascend or descend and occasionally 'steer' at the pilot's will, were first developed by Ed Yost in the 1950s. The Bristol Belle is generally regarded as the first modern hot air balloon, and had its inaugural flight in 1967. Since then, balloon technology has become extremely sophisticated. Some hot air balloons have reached altitudes of 21,000 meters, traveled over 7,500 kilometers, and reached speeds of up to 400 kilometers per hour.

Hot-air balloonin8 is generally a safe activity, and serious accidents are rare. In the event that something does 8o wrong, several items of safety gear are useful to have on board. In case the pi to light and the auxiliary pies ignition fail, it is a good idea to have a welding torch flint sparker available for the pilot's use. Given the propane combustion used to propel the hot air balloon, a fire extinguisher is an absolute necessity. Flame-resistant gauntlets made out of either leather or name are required for the pilot so that a gas valve can be disabled even if an open flame is present. While name is a specially-manufactured synthetic form. of fire-retardant material, synthetic clothing is generally a hindrance to fire safety, and clothing made of natural fiber is a superior option for pilots. Final[y, a handling line—a long rope that can be thrown overboard—is a vital precautionary measure that allows people on the ground to steer the balloon away from trouble.

To ensure baton longevity and safety in operation, it is vital that hot air batowns be maintained and repaired while not in use. Keeping the envelope dean and dehumidified is an important step that prevents mould from forming on the fabric. This is especial[y important if the balloon has landed in a wet or muddy environment. The burner and rue[ system also requires regular maintenance. This can involve the replacement or repair of damaged hoses and any sticking or leaky valves. The wicker basket has skids on its bottom to help it gain traction upon landing; over time these are worn down, and will need to be replaced. International regutations stipulate that balloons must be given a full inspection every one hundred flight hours, or twelve months. This ensures that any problems can be rectified before they become hazardous.

Questions 1-5

Complete the diagram below.

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes ]-5 on your answer sheet.

(1)

support one's parents. Called the Maintenance of Parents Bill, it received the backing of the Singapore Government.

That does not mean it hasn't generated discussion. Several members of the Parliament opposed the measure as un-Asian. Others who acknowledged the problem of the elderly poor believed it a disproportionate response. Still others believe it will subvert relations within the family: cynics dubbed it the "Sue Your Son" law.

Those who say that the bill does not promote filial responsibility, of course, are right. It has nothing to do with filial responsibility. It kicks in where filial responsibility fails. The law cannot legislate filial responsibility any more than it can legislate love. All that the law can do is to provide a safety net where this morality proves insufficient. Singapore needs this bill not to replace morality, but to provide incentives to shore it up.

Like many other developed nations, Singapore faces the problems of an increasing proportion of people over 60 years of age. Demography is inexorable. In 1980, 7.2% of the population was in this bracket. By the end of the century that figure will grow to 11%. By 2030, the proportion is projected to be 26%. The problem is not old age per se. It is that the ratio of economically active people to economically inactive people will decline.

But no amount of government exhortation or paternalism will completely eliminate the problem of old people who have insufficient means to make ends meet. Some people will fall through the holes in any safety net.

Traditionally, a person's insurance against poverty in his old age was his family. This is not a revolutionary concept. Nor is it uniquely Asian. Care and support for one's parents is a universal value shared by all civilized societies.

The problem in Singapore is that the moral obligation to look after one's parents is unenforceable. A father can be compelled by law to maintain his children. A husband can be forced to support his wife. But, until now, a son or daughter had no legal obligation to support his or her parents.

In 1989, an Advisory Council was set up to look into the problems of the aged. Its report stated with a tinge of complacency that 950% of those who did not have their own income were receiving cash contributions from relations. But what about the 5% who aren't getting relatives' support？ They have several options: (a) get a job and work until they die; (b) apply for public assistance (you have to be destitute to apply); (c) starve quietly. None of these options is socially acceptable. And what if this 5% figure grows, as it is likely to do, as society ages？

The Maintenance of Parents Bill was put forth to encourage the traditional virtues that have so far kept Asian nations from some of the breakdowns encountered in other affluent societies. This legislation will allow a person to apply to the court for maintenance from any or all of his children. The court would have the discretion to refuse to make an order if it is unjust.

Those who deride the proposal for opening up the courts to family lawsuits miss the point. Only in extreme cases would any parent take his child to court. If it does indeed become law, the bill's effect would be far more subtle.

First, it will reaffirm the notion that it is each individual's—not society's—responsibility to look after his parents. Singapore is still conservative enough that most people will not object to this idea. It reinforces the traditional values and it doesn't hurt a society now and then to remind itself of its core values.

Second, and more important, it will make those who are inclined to shirk their responsibilities think twice. Until now, if a person asked family elders, clergymen or t

A．received unanimous support in the Singapore Parliament

B．was believed to solve all the problems of the elderly poor

C．was intended to substitute for traditional values in Singapore

D．was passed to make the young more responsible to the old

A.dmiration

B.mean

C.measure

This measure is suited to some localities,but not to others.(翻译)

A.Measure out

B.Measuring out

C.Measure

D.Measured out