The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, a

The word horsepower(马力)was first used two hundred years ago. James Watt had made the first widely used steam(蒸气)engine. He had no way of tellingpeople exactly how powerful it was, for at that time there were no units for measuring(测量) power.

Watt decided to find out how much measure the work his steam engine could do.

He discovered that a horse could lift a 3,300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His engine could lift a 3,300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute.

Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horsepower engine.

1、The passagesays that Watt made the first widely used steam engine.

2、Watt made up a unit of measurement based on the strength of a horse.

3、Watt wanted to find a way to lift a 3300-pound weight.

4、One horsepower would equal the weight a horse could lift.

5、The title of the passageis "How the Term Horsepower Came into Being".

The word horsepower(马力) was first used two hundred years ago.James Watt had made the first widely used steam(蒸气)engine. He had no way of telling people exactly how powerful it much work one strong horse could do in one minute. He called that unit one horsepower. With this unit he could measure the work his steam engine could do.

He discovered that a horse could lift a 3,300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His engine could lift a 3,300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute.

Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horsepower engine.

6.The passagesays that Watt made the first widely used steam engine.

A.T

B.F

7.Watt made up a unit of measurement based on the strength of a horse.

A.T

B.F

8.Watt wanted to find a way to lift a 3300-pound weight.

A.T

B.F

9.One horsepower would equal the weight a horse could lift.

A.T

B.F

10.The title of the passageis "How the Term Horsepower Came into Being".

A.T

B.F

Which of the following would be the best title of the test？

[A] Novelty as an Engine of Scientific Development.

[B]Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.

[C] Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science.

[D]Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.

Baidu is the most popular () with Chinese netizens (网民).

A.search machine

B.search engine

C.research machine

D.research engine

State Building if you had to climb 102 flights of stairs to reach the top. Not many, I imagine. If it were not for the invention of elevators, or lifts, tall buildings would be unusable.

The first lift was just a box suspended on a rope. Using a series of pulleys, a group of oxen ox strong men would pull the rope end lift the box to a higher point. Lifts were used only for heavy materials, not passengers. Even in the nineteenth century, when steam power was used to operate the lifts, people didn't ride them. They didn't trust the rope that held the box.

In 1853, Elisha G. Otis invented the first safe lift. He showed his invention in New York at the Crystal Palace Exhibition. At the exhibition, Otis was pulled up in an open box that was attached to two guide mils. When he was lifted far above the spectators, he gave the order to cat the rope. To the amazement of the crowd, the lift did not fall straight downward to the floor. Instead, it was held fast to the guide rails by a certain device. He had built powerful metal clamps on the carriage as a safety measure. The demonstration worked, and people have been riding as passengers in elevators ever since.

(30)

A．Disadvantages of tall buildings.

B．The Crystal Palace Exhibition.

C．Modem elevators.

D．The invention of the elevator.

Which of the following statements is true？

A. Telephone was invented by a French engineer.

B. Roman soldiers sent the important message by spelling out the words.

C. African soldiers shouted from tower to tower to pass message.

D. Only by using telephone could people send speech sounds quickly.

, even good salespeople. Here are three golden rules for you to follow:

1. Always Start the Negotiations. You must initiate the process. This is because whoever controls the start of the negotiations tends to control where they end. If you let the other party start negotiations, you will be constantly giving up control, often without even realizing it. For instance, when you ask someone what his project budget is, you are allowing him to start the negotiations. You will then spend your time chasing his number rather than finding the best solution. So, never let the other party control the negotiations.

2. Always Negotiate in Writing. The purpose of negotiations is to arrive at a formal written agreement, not tell a story or spend time talking. From the first moment you begin a proposal, you should create a document and take it to the client. It will include all the points of agreement and become real to the prospective customer. Negotiating first and then having to create a document adds unnecessary time to a transaction. But if you build your written agreement as you negotiate, you are prepared to ask for a signature the moment the decision to buy is made.

3. Always Stay Cool. The negotiation table can be loaded with agendas, egos and emotions. Great negotiators know how to stay cool, providing leadership and solutions, while the rest of the room becomes insanely invested in personal agendas and useless emotions. 27 Crying, getting angry and blowing off steam may make you feel good, but such behavior. will not benefit you while negotiating. When the rest of the room gets emotional, stay cool and use logic to negotiate and close.

1. If you let the other party start negotiations, you will be completely grasp the control, often without even realizing it.

2. So, never let both parties control the negotiations.

3. Negotiating first and then having to create a document doesn’t need necessary time to a transaction.

4. Great negotiators know how to stay cool, providing leadership and solutions, while the rest of the room becomes wild or helpless during the negotiation.

5. When the rest of the room gets out of control, stay cool and use logic to negotiate and close.

ls were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870's, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. It was made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring, and reheating iron ore.

Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle (易碎的). As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted, to steel. The Bessemer Converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a mater of minutes.

Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors, discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120-mile-long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.

Barges and steamers carded the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots (车站) on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed, Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steel-manufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.

Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventy-seven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.

According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ______.

A．cheaper and more plentiful

B．lighter, and easier to mold

C．cleaner, and easier to mine

D．stronger and more durable

A.Dry steam plants

B.Binary plants

C.Origin of geothermal energy

D.Generation of electricity

E.Flash steam plants

F.Recyclable water and steam