American scientists were very much involved in everyday affairs and stressed the_____

A.looking into

B.turning out

C.coming up with

D.taking advantage of

"Ah, yes," replied the manager, "but America has treasures that Japan can never hope to possess."

"You mean our mineral wealth and bountiful farms？

"Ah, no. I was referring to Caltech and MIT."

America's scientific institutions--its technological universities and government laboratories--are the en vy of the world , producing ideas, devices and medicines that have made the U.S. prosperous, improved the lives of people around the globe and profoundly affected their perception of the world and the universe. This tremendous creativity is reflected in tile technical reports that are published in scientific journals throughout the world. Fully 35 % of them come from scientists doing their research at American institutions.

Yet American dominance can no longer be taken for granted. Many recent U. S. achievements and a wards stem in large measure from generous research grants of the past, and any weakening of government and industry commitment to support of basic research could in the next few decades cost the nation its scientific leadership. Some slipping is already divalent. In high-energy physics, where Americans once reigned supreme, Western Europe now spends roughly twice as much money as the U. S. Result. the major high-energy physics discoveries of tile past few years have been made not by Americans but by Europeans.

Even so, money alone cannot guarantee scientific supremacy. Freedom of inquiry, an intellectually stimulating environment and continuous recruitment of the best minds must accompany it. That combination has been achieved in many U.S. institutions--educational, governmental and industrial--but perhaps no where more successfully than at the National Institutes of Health, Bell Laboratories and Caltech.

America's technological universities and government laboratories are generally ______.

A．loved by scientists in other parts of the world

B．disliked by scientists in other parts of the world

C．admired by scientists in other parts of the world

D．jealous of scientists in other parts of the world

1.();

A. women

B. parents

C. men

D. wives

2.();

A. to

B. in

C. on

D. of

3.();

A. young

B. double

C. remarried

D. single

4.();

A. this

B. that

C. it

D. which

5.();

A. to tell

B. tell

C. of telling

D. telling

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

W hat is the importance of the Afro American history to all Americans？ How could Afro Americans contribute anything to American history when they were just slaves and servants？ This is the image which many of us are taught when　we go to school. This is the image many Afro Americans have of themselves also. The Afro Americans need to remake their real historical image so that it is　known and accepted in its truthfulness by themselves and the rest of the world. Men and women of darker color are human beings entitled to respect and acceptance in history.　When we think of famous scientists and inventors we immediately think of men such as Alexander Graham Bell, Thomas Edison and Jonas E.Salk. This is because we associate famous people with the Anglo Saxon race. But what　about the Afro American inventors and scientists？ How many men during World War Ⅰ owe their lives to Garrett Morgan who invented the gas mask？ Garrett Morgan also invented the traffic light which saves numerous lives on our streets. Daniel Hale Williams was the first successful heart surgeon. Charles Drew saved hundreds of thousands of lives during World War II by his discovery　of the ways and means of preserving blood plasma. Percy Julian has helped millions suffering from the excruciating pain of arthritis. These men and others should be as easily recognized as Bell, Edison and Salk.

America is made up of many different blends of cultures. These many cultures have come to enrich and diversify the American way of life. We should　not think, because history has neglected to include the background of a particular culture, that these people have an inferior history. We should search for the truth and set the record straight against the slanders, the stereotyping and false images which have identified these people. We should understand each of the cultures and learn of their specific contribution to America's life　story.

Only after we are taught the complete and accurate history of our great country and learn that the blending of cultures and backgrounds gives us ourstrength, can we go forward on the path to peace.

36. The function of the first paragraph is to ____.

A) present the main idea or the summary of the essay

B) present an introduction to the topic

C) provide background to the main theme

D) present many cultures have contributed to American history

37. Which of the following statements is true？

A) Graham Bell, T.Edison and J.E.Salk are not very important people.

B) Black people who contribute to society should have equal recognition with their white colleagues.

C) We should not associate famous people with the Anglo Saxon race only.

D) G.Morgan, D.H.Williams and Charles Drew were not Afro Americans.

38. Paragraph three tells us that ____.

A) we should oppose slander and stereotyping

B) the American way of life is richer because it is made up of many cultures

C) some cultures have been completely neglected

D) Afro Americans have an inferior history

39. The word “image” refers to ____.

A) picture B) portray C) impression D) similar

40. The main idea of the passage is ____.

A) There are many Afro Americans who are famous as scientists and inventors

B) Many Afro Americans have devoted to American history

C) Afro American experience to American history

D) Afro American history must be recognized as an important part of American history

In recent years scientific researchers【83】much time in the study of the process of aging. They believe that, within a few years, they will develop the knowledge and the【84】to delay the aging process for 10 to 15 years. The result will be that more people will live longer, more healthy lives.【85】, scientists believe that with the fight diet, exercise, medical【86】, and mental attitude many people can【87】100 years old.

Gerontologists, people who【88】studies of the growing old, are investigating why body cells show and【89】die. They feel that delaying this slowing down process would help postpone death. In a number of American universities, scientists are【90】the activity of cells, the effects of diet and internal body temperature【91】aging. If their studies are successful, the results should help【92】the quality of life for older people in the next few years,【93】increase the life span of the next generation.

(46)

Nonverbal (非语言的) communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking. (78) The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.

For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the North American to be "cold" or "distant" because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to. The "eye contact" provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don't like each other. (79) The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.

On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is always smiling,and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy.

According to the passage, nonverbal communication ______.

A．is a method often used by people who cannot speak

B．can tell something that words cannot

C．can be used to talk with people who cannot hear

D．is less used than words

根据以下内容回答题：

Scientists know that there are two basic approaches to prolonging life（延长寿命），one approache is the elimination of the diseases that generally affect older people—diseases such as cancer，heart attack and stroke．（1）is the delay of the process of growing-old the（2）of the body． In recent years scientific researchers（3）much time in the study of the process of aging．They believe that，within a few years，they will develop the knowledge and the（4）to delay the aging process for lo to 15 years．The result will be that more people will live longer，more healthful lives．At present，scientists believe that with the right diet，exercise，medical（5），and mental attitude many people can live to he l00 years old． Gerontologists（老年学专家），people who（6）studies of the problems of growing old，are investigating（7）body cells slow down and（8）die．They feel that delaying this slowing down process（9）help postpone death．In a number of American universities，scien-tists are studying the activity of cells，the effects of diet and internal body temperature on aging．If their studies are successful，the results should help（10）the quality of life for older people in the next few years，as well as increase the life span of the next generation．

1.

A.Others

B.Another

C.The other

D.One more

根据以下内容回答题：

Nonverbal（非语言的）communication has to do with gestures，movements and closenessof two people when they are talkin9．The scientists say that those gestures，movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry． For example，the body distance between two speakers can be important．North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speakin9，while the South American often considers the North American to be“cold”or“distant”because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to．The“eye contact”provides another example of wha．t we aye calling nonverbal communication．Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don’t like each other．The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about． On the other hand，too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable．The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication．Genuine warmth or interest，shyness or confi-dence can often be．seen in the eyes．We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendli-ness．Someone who is always smilin9，and with little apparent reasons，often makes US uneasy．

According to the passage，nonverbal communication__________ ．

A.is a method often used by people who cannot speak

B.can tell something that words cannot

C.can be used to talk with people who cannot bear

D.is less used than words

However, the new report disagrees. It was made by the Food and Nutrition Board of the United States National Academy of Sciences. The new report by a team of 15 scientists said there is no evidence to link cholesterol in food directly to heart disease. It noted seven major studies involving people whose diet was changed to include only foods low in cholesterol. The studies found only a very small reduction in the number of heart attacks and there was no reduction in the number of heart attack deaths.

Other studies have shown similar results. They found that a change to low cholesterol foods will have only a minor effect on the amount of cholesterol in a person's blood and only a minor effect on the number of deaths.

Medical scientists hope that two huge new studies may settle the cholesterol dispute. The tests are designed to learn if low cholesterol foods or anti-cholesterol drugs, or both, can reduce the amount of the substance in the blood and reduce the chance of a heart attack. The two new studies will be finished in the next year or two.

The new Academy of Sciences report also discussed other possible links between food and disease. The scientists, in general, they are deeply concerned about some of the recent advice given about food. They noted that a number of private groups, government agencies and several popular books have advised that people can prevent heart disease, cancer and other sicknesses by changing the kinds of foods they eat. The new report said there is often no good scientific evidence to support such advice. In fact, the scientists said such ideas often produce only false hopes or unnecessary fears.

According to the passage, people could reduce the chance of suffering heart attack by ______.

A．eating less foods with a lot of cholesterol

B．eating less of low cholesterol foods

C．eating a lot of high cholesterol foods

D．eating drugs