Ptolemy’s geocentric theory remained very popular in Europe for centuries。（)

1+Long ago, in 331 B. C., Greece conquered Egypt and built Alexandria. This city was named after Alexander the Great’ King of Greece. After Alexander’s death, a great general named Ptolemy became ruler of Egypt.

The Greeks loved learning. Ptolemy believed that people needed to have written records of their thoughts and ideas. They needed to have a place to collect their books. For the first time in history, Ptolemy tried to collect together all the Greek books that had been written. To do this, he built the largest and the best library in ancient world.

Before this time, great writings were often hard to find, and many had been lost. Books were then written by hand on a kind of paper called papyrus. Sheets of papyrus were rolled around wooden sticks. The papyrus rolls were stored in deep shelves on the library walls.

All books brought in Egypt were taken to the library. There scholars studied them and corrected any mistakes. The books were copied over so they would be easier to read and store. They were listed in catalog.

The library at Alexandria grew to have over a half million books. It was a center of learning for over 700 years before it was destroyed by fire in A. D. 391.

32、In this passage the word “scholars” means ________ .

A.people who fought as soldiers

B.people with much learning

C.people who taught in schools

D.people who wrote the Greek books

33、The passage does not say so, but it makes you think that ________ .

A.it was hard to make papyrus

B.copying books took a long time

C.no one ever read books at Alexandria

D.books from all over the world were brought to the library

34、Why did Ptolemy build a large library atAlexandria？

A.Because he thought it would make him as famous as Alexander the Great.

B.Because he wanted a safe place to collect all Greek books.

C.Because he wanted a new way to print books.

D.Because he wanted to correct all the mistakes in the books.

Long ago, in 331 B.C., Greece conquered（征服)Egypt and built Alexandria（亚历山大港).Th

is city was named after Alexander the Great’King of Greece.After Alexander’s death, a great general named Ptolemy became ruler of Egypt.

The Greeks loved learning.Ptolemy believed that people needed to have written records of their thoughts and ideas.They needed to have a place to collect their books.For the first time in history, Ptolemy tried to collect together all the Greek books that had been written.To do this, he built the largest and the best library in ancient world.

Before this time, great writings were often hard to find, and many had been lost.Books were then written by hand on a kind of paper called papyrus.Sheets of papyrus were rolled around wooden sticks.The papyrus(纸莎草制的纸)rolls were stored in deep shelves on the library walls.

All books brought in Egypt were taken to the library.There,scholars studied them and corrected any mistakes.The books were copied over so they would be easier to read and store.They were listed in catalog(目录).

The library at Alexandria grew to have over a half million books.It was a center of learning for over 700 years before it was destroyed by fire in A.D.391.

1.Alexandria is the name of a() while Alexander was the name of a ().

A.place in Egypt; king in Greece

B.place in Greece; king in Egypt

C.king in Greece; place in Egypt

D.place in Greece; king in Egypt

2.In this passage the word“scholars”means ().

A.people who fought as soldiers

B.people with much learning

C.people who taught in schools

D.people who wrote the Greek books

3.The passage does not say so, but it makes you think that ().

A.it was hard to make papyrus

B.copying books took a long time

C.no one ever read the books at Alexandria

D.Books from all over the world were brought to the library

4.Why did Ptolemy build a large library at Alexandria？()

A.Because he thought it would make him as famous as Alexander the Great.

B.Because he wanted a safe place to collect all Greek books.

C.Because he wanted a new way to print books.

D.Because he wanted to correct all the mistakes in the books.

5.Which of the following does the passage lead you to believe？()

A.The library at Alexandria only had a few hundred books.

B.There were many libraries in Egypt at that time.

C.The great library helped to make Alexandria famous.

D.The scholars corrected all the mistakes in the books.

Section A

According to a new school of scientists, technology has been overlooked as a force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge.【51】Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius but by more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.【52】" In short, " a leader of the new school contends "the scientific revolution, as we call it, has been largely caused by the improvement, invention and use of a series of instruments that have expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.

【53】Over the years, tools, and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein, and inventors such as Edison, attached great importance to and derived great benefit from, crafty information and technological devices of different kinds that were used in scientific experiments.

The centerpiece of the argument for technology was an analysis of Galileo’s role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motion.【54】Galileo’s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, were improvements in the machinery used for making eye-glasses.

Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute.【55】Whether governments should increase financing for pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which of the two is seen as the driving force.

(51)

A、Ethnocentric母国中心主义

B、Geocentric全球中心主义

C、Polycentric多元中心主义

D、Multidomestic东道国中心主义

室性奔马律的组成是

A、S与S、S

B、病理S与S、S

C、S与S、S

D、病理S与S、S

E、S与S、S