Many doctors recommend Vitamin C to prevent colds，and some doctors suggest that you

Many doctors ___ upon a diet which contains a lot of fat.

A.frown

B.crown

C.drown

D.brown

em feel better.

A．prescribe

B．describe

C．revise

D．devise

A．like directed

B．to be directed

C．as directed

D．thus directed

an inevitable triumph, they will do a great deal to __7__ease your own life as well as that of your doctor.Too many patients exert great pressure on doctors to describe for every symptom

ositive signs that in the long- term the country’s health might improve. The report was based on two years of interviews with family doctors about their patients.

The doctors expressed concern that patients were eating too much and were generally overweight. The doctors said this was particularly worrying as they were seeing more and more young people with weight problems. But it was not just their patients eating too much concerned doctors, but the quality of the food as well.

The doctors said that many of their patients led busy lives and did not have time to cook traditional meals. Because of this many of them were turning to unhealthy fast foods. Sales

of this type of food have been increasing steadily over the last decade, although there were signs that the rate of growth is declining. The doctors felt that there was a clear link between over- consuming of fast food and health problems among their patients.

But the report was not all bad news. The doctors interviewed also reported an increased awareness of the importance of healthy eating among their patients. Many reported an increase

in the number of patients they see who had switched to a healthy organic diet.

41.The report was_____________________.

A). mainly bad news B). all bad news C). all good news D). mainly good news 42. The doctors expressed concern about the problem of ___________________. A). patient’s eating too much B). patient’s quality of the food

C). both the patient’s eating too much and low quality of the food. D). old patients’ overweight

43.The doctors said that many of their patients didn’t cook traditional meals because__________________.

A). patients led busy lives and they have no time to cook the traditional meals. B). patients liked to have some fast food.

C). patients believed that traditional cook were not delicious D). patients often went out for dinner

44. At the moment sales of fast food______________. A). are growing rapidly B). are growing slowing C). are declining

D). are at the same speed as before

45. Doctors report that more of their patients _________________. A). are aware of the importance of healthy eating B). don’t care about healthy eating

C). are stopping eating fast foods D). turn to fast food more often

A．could have ended the tax on fats much sooner

B．is more concerned about money than the health of its citizens

C．has enough information to see if taxes on unhealthy foods are effective

D．should ask other countries to make laws against selling fatty foods

ospitals. In fact, university hospitals have a lower survival rate for patients than do other hospitals. From this it seems clear that the quality of care at university hospitals is lower than that at other hospitals. Which of the following, if true, most forcefully undermines the argument of the passage above？

A．Many doctors divide their working hours between a university and a community or private hospital.

B．Doctors at university hospitals often earn less than doctors at private hospitals.

C．University and community hospitals often cannot afford the elaborate facilities of private hospitals.

D．The emphasis at many university hospitals is on pure research rather than on the treatment and care of patients.

E．The patients who seek help at university hospitals are usually more seriously ill than those at private or community hospitals.

day for doctors conducting clinical studies of SARS patients. The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this year’s epidemic. Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.

"It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review," said Dr. Simon Mardel, a WHO official who led the two-day meeting that ended on Friday. He said thousands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as researchers try to determine treatments for SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome. "We recognize that having no treatment for SARS is hindering our ability to control an epidemic in so many ways." He said.

In the epidemic earlier this year, various treatments, like drugs to fight the virus or strengthen the immune system, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, were delivered under emergency conditions, in widely different settings and countries to patients suffering from varying stages of the illness. Those conditions--generally without standardized measurements or controlled situations-- have made it hard to interpret results.

Standard supportive therapy like nursing, and in severe cases the use of mechanical respirators (呼吸器) to help patients breathe, is the mainstay (主要支持) of SARS care, and helped many patients survive. But doctors still do not know how best to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties, Dr. Mardel said. One method is invasive ventilation. A second method involves blowing oxygen into the lungs through a mask. Both carry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees. Without proper analysis, the panel was unable to say definitively which treatment worked best, or which caused the most harm. "There is a lack of shared information," Dr. Mardel said, noting that a lot of data have not been published.

The panel also agreed on guidelines that would allow doctors to conduct quick and safe clinical trials, a process that generally takes years to complete. The World Health organization, a United Nations agency did not release the guidelines. Dr. Mardel said they were flexible because no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return. Experts in many countries have already listed the treatments they want to test, and the health agency is leaving these decisions to individual nations.

Guidelines recommended by the scientific panel can be used for______.

A．gathering potentially useful information about various therapies collected

B．conducting clinical studies of SAR8 patients

C．determining treatment for SARS

D．published all the information about SARS

ociation of Medical Colleges says these schools have about seventy thousand students.

How hard is it to get into one of the top medical schools, like for example the one at Yale University in Connecticut？ Last year almost three thousand seven hundred students hoped to get accepted there. Only one hundred seventy-six -- or less than five percent -- were admitted.

People who want to become medical doctors often study large amounts of biology, chemistry and other science. Some students work for a year or two in a medical or research job before they try to get accepted to medical school.

Medical students spend their first two years in classroom study. They learn about the body and all of its systems. And they begin studying diseases -- how to recognize and treat them. By the third year, students guided by experienced doctors begin working with patients in hospitals. As the students watch and learn, they think about the kind of medicine they would like to practice as doctors. During the fourth year, students begin applying to hospital programs for the additional training they will need after medical school. Competition for a residency at a top hospital can be fierce.

A medical education can be very costly, especially at a private school. One year at a private medical college can cost forty thousand dollars or more. The average at a public medical school is more than fifteen thousand dollars. Most students have to take out loans to pay for medical school. Many finish their education heavily in debt.

Doctors are among the highest paid professionals in the United States. Specialists in big cities are generally the highest paid. But there are also doctors who earn considerably less, including those in poor communities.

(1)Which of the following ideas is NOT suggested in the passage？

A、It is hard to get into one of the top medical schools.

B、The United States has more than one hundred twenty medical colleges.

C、Medical students need two years' classroom study.

D、After graduating from medical schools, the students become doctors.

(2)How many years the medical students take to graduate from medical school？

A、2

B、3

C、4

D、1

(3)In what way many medical students pay for their medical education？

A、Have part-time jobs in hospitals.

B、Take out loans.

C、Their parents pay for it.

D、Work hard for the scholarship.

(4)What the medical students begin to do in their fourth year of study？

A、Looking for a job.

B、Working with patients in hospitals

C、Applying to hospital programs for the additional training.

D、Learning about the body and all of its systems

(5)_______ are generally the highest paid.

A、Specialists in big cities.

B、Experienced doctors.

C、Doctors in poor communities

D、Doctors who graduated from private medical schools.

t a lot of us get by just fine on less, and some of us actually sleep too much. A study out of the University of Buffalo reported that people who routinely sleep more than eight hours a day and are still tired are nearly three times as likely to dir of stroke---probably as a result of an underlying disorder that keeps them from sleeping soundly.

Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously short of sleep. It is not unusual for them to work 40 hours in a row without rest. They are not in the least worried about it, confident they can still deliver the highest quality of medical care. But an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness, a person‟s motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is drunk. Curiously, surgeons who believe that operating under the influence of alcohol is grounds for sacking often don‟t think twice about operating without enough sleep.

“ I could tell you horror stories, ” says Jaya Agrawal, president of the American Medical Student Association, which runs a website for residents. Some are terrifying. “I was operating after being up for over 36 hours, “ one writes. “ I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly planted my face into the wound.”

“ Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work,” writes another. “I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a „ Jersey gate‟ on the New Jersey Expressway, going 105km/h.”

“Your own patients have become the enemy,” writes a third, because they are “the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep.”

The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a system is in place for doctors, patients are on their own. If you‟re worried about the people treating you or a loved one, you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had and if more rested staffers are available.

1.Sleep is a funny thing because ____________.

A. the longer one sleeps, the less sound sleep he gets

B. the more sleep one gets, the more likely a stroke occurs

C. many people stick to about eight hours of sleep to stay fine

D. many people who sleep six hours a night still feel energetic in the day

2.A surgeon who has worked 40 hours in a row without sleep ___________.

A. can still provide quality medical care

B. will remain alert because he is used to it

C. may ignore the potential risk of insufficient sleep

D. should be fired if he continues the medical operation

3.According to one resident, they are short of sleep because ____________.

A. they are too tired to fall asleep

B. they are forbidden to sleep at work

C. they are kept by treating their patients

D. they are too worried about oversleeping

4.They resident who hit a “Jersey gate” on the New Jersey Expressway must have________.

A. fallen asleep

B. drunk too much

C. been driving too long

D. avoided hitting parked cars

5.Patients are now advised to __________.

A. monitor the hours of doctors by themselves

B. make sure that the doctors who treat them have had enough sleep

C. ask for legal control of the hours of doctors

D. allow their doctors to sleep several hours before the operation