What was the real reason for your absence？（英译中)

s are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？" "When I got that great job, did Jerry really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends--or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning.And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose someone tells you, "you're a lucky dog".Is he really on your side？ If he says, "You're a lucky guy" or "You're a lucky gal", that's being friendly.But "lucky dog"？ There's a bit of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn't see it himself.But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture (体态)？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

1.From the questions in the first paragraph we can learn that tile speaker _____.

A.feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B.feels he may not have "read" his friends' true feelings correctly

C.thinks it was a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend, Helen

D.is sorry that his friends let him down

2.In the second paragraph, the author uses the example of "You're a lucky dog" to show that __________.

A.the speaker of this sentence is just being friendly

B.this saying means the same as "You're a lucky guy' or "You're a lucky gal"

C.sometimes the words used by a speaker give a clue to the feeling behind the words

D.the word "dog" shouldn't be used to apply to people

3.This passage tries to tell you how to __________.

A.avoid mistakes about money and friends

B.bring the "dog" bit into our conversation

C.avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D.keep people friendly without trusting them

4.In listening to a person, the important thing is __________.

A.to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eyes

B.to listen to how he pronounces his words

C.to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture

D.not to believe what he says

5.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would __________.

A.be able to get the real meaning of what people say to you

B.avoid any mistakes while talking with people who envy you

C.not lose real friends who say things that do not please you

D.be able to observe people as they are talking to you

Questions 21 to 25 are　based on the following passage:

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side？ If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker　is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does　what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his　eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.

A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly

C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

D) is sorry that his friends let him down

22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.

A) is just being friendly

B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You ' re a lucky gal.”

C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people

D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words

23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.

A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye

B) to listen to how he pronounces his words

C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture

D) not to believe what he says

24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.

A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning

B) get along well with people

C) trust what other people say

D) have no doubts about our friends

25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.

A) avoid mistakes about both money and people

B) say things elegantly

C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D) keep people friendly without trusting them

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side？ If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.　“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.

A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly

C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

D) is sorry that his friends let him down

根据材料回答问题，此题为单选题，请给出正确答案及解析，谢谢！

Passage two 2016年6月英语六级卷一试题

What can be done about mass unemployment？ All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural, ”and will take many years to solve.

But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.

The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular？

Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.

I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer. ”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.

But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.

So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.

51. What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America？

A)Corporate mismanagement.

B)Insufficient demand.

C)Technological advances.

D)Workers’ slow adaptation.

52. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment？

A)Self-evident.

B)Thought-provoking.

C)Irrational.

D)Groundless.

53. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression？

A)The booming defense industry.

B)The wise heads’ benefit package.

C)Nationwide training of workers.

D)Thorough restructuring of industries.

54. What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply？

A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.

B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.

C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.

D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.

55. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？

A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s problems.

B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.

C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.

D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.

to turn the tables on those who don't think it's possible to be middle-class, conservative, educated and still be truly black. Once, during an abortion debate, a woman in the audience angrily told James she was so middle-class she didn't have a clue about real African American life. "If you understood what these women go through," the woman said, "you would realize that abortion is their only choice."

James then asked the woman to consider a poor black mother on welfare. She already has four children and an alcoholic husband who has all but abandoned the family. Now she discovers another child is on the way. "How would you counsel that woman？" asked James.

"Have an abortion," the woman responded. "That child would have a very poor quality of life."

"I have a vested interest in your answer," James said. "The woman I described was my mother. I was the fifth of six children born into poverty. And, in case you're interested, the quality of my life is just fine!"

Kay James ______.

A．is not a black

B．is a poor black mother

C．has five brothers and sisters

D．has a hard life

ntions in the world in the {A. twenty; B. twenties; C. twentieth} century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops,

{A. Also; B. But also; C. Too} at schools. Today it is used in many ways. It really brings the world large wealth (财富) and happiness.

The first computer in the world was called Enid. It was built in America in 1946. It was large and heavy. {A. For; B. Until; C. Since} it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has gone through four periods and changed a lot. There’re many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more helpful.

The computer can do most of the things {A. for; B. to; C. at} the people. It can help us to know about the real world more quickly, to learn {A. what; B. that; C. which} we want to learn and to think for ourselves. As a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it.

Life learning (sometimes called un-schooling or self-directed learning) is one of those concepts that are almost easier to explain by saying what it isn’t, than what it is. And that’s probably because our own schooled backgrounds have convinced us that learning happens only in a dedicated building on certain days, between certain hours, and managed by a specially trained professional.

Within that schooling framework, no matter how hard teachers try and no matter how good their textbooks, many bright students get bored, many slower students struggle and give up or lose their self-respect, and most of them reach the end of the process unprepared to enter into society. They have memorized a certain body of knowledge long enough to rush back the information on tests, but they haven’t really learnt much, at least of the official curriculum.

Life learners, on the other hand, know that learning is not difficult, that people learn things quite easily if they’re not compelled and forced, if they see a need to learn something, and if they are trusted and respected enough to learn it on their own timetable, at their own speed, in their own way. They know that learning cannot be produced in us and that we cannot produce it in others—no matter what age and no matter whether we’re at school or at home.

Life learning is independent of time, location or the presence of teacher. It does not require mom or dad to teach, or kids to work in workbooks at the kitchen table from 9 to noon from September to June. Life learning is learner-driven. It involves living and learning— in and from the real world. It is about exploring, questioning, experimenting, making messes, taking risks without fear of making mistakes, being laughed at and trying again.

Furthermore, life learning is about trusting kids to learn what they need to know and about helping them to learn and grow in their own ways. It is about providing positive experiences that enable children to understand the world and their culture and to interact with it.

It is implied in the text that it is hard to ______.

A．carry life learning though

B．tell the nature of life learning

C．learn without going to school

D．find a specially trained teacher

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HABITS OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATORS

It's no secret that good leaders are also good communicators. Indeed, communication and leadership are inextricably tied. How can you galvanize, inspire or guide others if you don't communicate in a clear, credible and authentic way？ Here are 5 essential communication practices of effective leaders:

1. Mind the say-do gap. Trust is the bedrock of effective leadership – your behavior. is your single greatest mode of communication, and it must be congruent with what you say. If your actions don't align with your words, you are storing up trouble for the future.

2. Make the complex simple. Effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies into simple, memorable terms that colleagues and customers can grasp and act upon. The most important thing is to clarify what you want to say, look out for technical jargon and avoid business speak, which add complexity. Say what you mean in as few words as possible.

3. Find your own voice. Use language that's distinctly your own; let your values come through in your communication. Correct use of language and grammar are important, of course, but don't become overly fixated on eloquence for eloquence's sake; concentrate on being distinct and real. People want real, people respect real, people follow real.

4. Be visible Visibility is about letting your key stakeholders get a feel for who you are and what you care about. Don't hide behind a computer and only interact with people electronically – see them face to face and voice to voice, and interact with them in a real, substantial way. In today's environment, where people are often burned out, it's important for employees to have a personal connection with you and the work you believe in. Show the people that work for you that you're engaged and that you care about them and their work.

5. Listen with your eyes as well as your ears. Effective communication is a two-way process, and good leaders know how to ask good questions, and then listen with both their eyes and their ears. Because you are in a position of authority, others may be reluctant to express their real opinions to you directly. You won't always get direct feedback, so you need to also be able to read between the lines and look for the non-verbal cues.

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

1. Communication and leadership don't always go hand in hand.{T; F}

2. The say-do gap happens when people misunderstand their leader's intention.{T; F}

3. Using technical jargon makes a leader convincing.{T; F}

4. Communicating sincerely is always the best.{T; F}

5. Observation is as important as communication when you want to know what people really think.{T; F}

听力原文： In preparing a book, I asked several successful executives to tell me what they thought students should study if they wanted to succeed in business. They listed only a few technical subjects accounting and finance, for example. But time and again, these executives identified philosophy as one of the most important areas you can study for learning how to think in a disciplined, analytical, and imaginative way.

The way that philosophy helps you see the world is no less real than its practical benefits to your career. Studying philosophy exposes you to a wide range of problems that you wouldn't meet otherwise. It simply lets you see more of the world. It stretches your imagination. It challenges you to come up with your own answers to tough issues that do not have ready-made solutions.

Studying philosophy helps you to develop insight into some of life's great puzzles and to fashion your own vision of what life is all about. As you go through life, you will be challenged all along the way to make decisions about who you are and what's important to you. Philosophy helps you develop a sense of what life is all about and where you're going.

In fact, Socrates, one of the first great philosophers, thought that philosophy is the single most important element in making our lives worthwhile. "The unexamined life," he said, "is not worth living." In Socrates' mind, at least, philosophy makes it possible for us to control our own destiny.

(33)

A．A senior executive.

B．A professor.

C．A playwright.

D．A science teacher.

"Hi there. How's it going？"

"Oh, fine, fine. How about this weather, huh？"

"Well, I guess we can always use the rain."

What's that？ This story？ Oh, just a little look at small talk. You know, those seemingly meaningless conversations you have dozens of times a day. Maybe you're waiting for the elevator. Or in a line at the bank. It all seems pretty trivial. Idle chatter about traffic doesn't do much more than fill the air with empty words that are quickly forgotten. But you should know that small talk actually has a big place in our lives.

Pat Oliver, assistant professor on arts, says that, "Left unchecked, small talk can be an invasion. It's so powerful. It does something to you." "Every morning after spending an hour and a half on the freeway I start the day with small talk with my secretary," Oliver says, "If I don't make small connection with another person, I can't work."

What causes it？ As a rule, you're either trying to force something into your life, or you're using conversation as an invisible force field to keep them out. You can be wanting to connect with another person, and small talk is your introduction to more meaningful conversation.

The way people use small talk is usually determined by where they happen to be at the time. Take the elevator, for instance. Now there's prime territory. Nobody knows anyone and there's no reason to start a conversation, but invariably, someone does. Making conversation in such peaceful social settings, according to Oliver, "can confirm your territory. It's a way of feeling liked and accepted."

The topics of small talk don't matter. In fact, you don't want anything more taxing than the weather or the traffic. It's non-threatening talk in a threatening situation. However, the rules change quickly when you're with lots of people doing lots of talking.

Let's say you're at a party. Now it's time to use small talk as a way of making others feel more comfortable around you, so you don't look silly standing by the food table alone all night.

"Small talk'", as interpreted by the author, ______.

A．is not as idle as it may seem to be

B．is usually meaningless and therefore useless

C．has no real function in communication at all

D．is restricted to certain topics only