A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real effort, because he feels that it would be useless. He won't go at a job with the confidence(131）for success. He is therefore(132）to fail, and the failure will strengthen his belief in his incompetence. Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience(133）illustrates this. When he was a small boy, he was poor at arithmetic. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents what she thought in order that they would not expect(134）much of him. One day Adler succeeded in solving a problem which（135）of the other students had been able to solve. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea that he couldn't do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could.131.A.well  B.necessary  C.in  D.good132.A.possible  B.possibly  C.likely  D.like133.A.to  B.when  C.what  D.which134.A.too  B.very  C.so  D.that135.A.any  B.none  C.each  D.no 

, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience

t that it should include foreign languages and the study of foreign cultures；a mastery of English, including the ability to write and speak well, because communications have become all-important in the modern world. and also because “a person who doesn't speak and write Clearly doesn't reason clearly either” ; some knowledge of the social sciences(sociology, psychology)that deal with human relations and human problems；some basic knowledge of modem information systems, since the educated professionals of tomorrow will have to understand their machines. Is that all？ “No, of course not. ”answer the educators, “We have not mentioned the two great building blocks of education：history and literature!”

Is this truly the best modern education？ Perhaps. But every educator would add or subtract a few subjects. And no matter what list of courses would be offered, it would not be approved by all. Not only do the professors have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs' too. “I don't believe, ”protested a Harvard student when his university revised its programs, “I don't believe that colleges have the fight to define what an educated person is. ”But then, who has？

f, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.

If you say to your children "I'm sorry I got angry with you, but...", what follows that "but" can render the apology ineffective: "I had a bad day" or "your noise was giving me a headache" leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior. in expecting an apology.

Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I'm sorry you're upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.

Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying "I'm useless as a parent" does not commit a person lo any specific improvement.

These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.

But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children's expectations can require an apology. A twelve-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent's clothes without permission is not.

If a mother adds "but" to an apology, ______.

A．she doesn't feel that she should have apologized

B．she does not realize that the child has been hurt

C．the child may find the apology easier to accept

D．the child may feel that he owes her an apology

Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Some explode with anger, and scream and shout. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. Many doctors think that repressing anger is more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They say that when a person is angry, the brain gives out the same hormones (荷尔蒙) as that are produced during tense and nervous situations. They speed the heart rate and raise blood pressure, so the person feels excited and ready to act. Repressing these feelings will only make the feelings continue, and this can lead to many medical problems. To prevent these problems, these doctors suggest letting the anger out by expressing it freely. But recently some other doctors question this. They say that people who express anger repeatedly and violently become, in fact, more but not less angry. And this could cause medical problems. However, some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger strongly may be more likely to develop heart diseases, and that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is to learn how to deal with anger. The first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, and then to decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down, and express yourself calmly and reasonably. Doctors also say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry, for laughter is much healthier than anger. Some doctors argue that people who often let the anger out would become ________.

A、stronger

B、more violent

C、more dangerous

D、angrier

Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Some explode with anger, and scream and shout. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it.This is called repressing anger.Many doctors think that repressing anger is more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They say that when a person is angry, the brain gives out the same hormones (荷尔蒙) as that are produced during tense and nervous situations. They speed the heart rate and raise blood pressure, so the person feels excited and ready to act. Repressing these feelings will only make the feelings continue, and this can lead to many medical problems. To prevent these problems, these doctors suggest letting the anger out by expressing it freely. But recently some other doctors question this. They say that people who express anger repeatedly and violently become, in fact, more but not less angry. And this could cause medical problems.However, some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger strongly may be more likely to develop heart diseases, and that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.Doctors say the solution is to learn how to deal with anger. The first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, and then to decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down, and express yourself calmly and reasonably. Doctors also say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry, for laughter is much healthier than anger.

A、say nothing no matter how angry you are

B、express anger openly and freely right away

C、express your anger immediately but calmly

D、think about whether it's worth getting angry

If someone can't look at you directly in the eye, then he or she is not playing honestly, they insist. After many experiments, however, a number of experts have found out that good liars can make false eye contact.

Eye contact, though not a sure sign of dishonesty, is a clear way to show interest in another person. When a person looks at you and continues to do so, you know his attention is placed on you. When he turns his head away, his mind is probably elsewhere. But there are exceptions. A shy person may have trouble making and keeping eye contact, no matter how interested he is in the other person. And certain nationalities, such as the British and Germans, are much less oriented to eye-to-eye contact than, say, the French and the Arabs.

Eye contact should be natural, not forced or overdone.

Have short periods of eye contact while you watch other parts of the person's face — especially the mouth. When the person smiles, be sure to smile back. But always make an effort to return your gaze to the person's eyes as she speaks. It is common to look up, down, and all around when speaking to others, and not have eye contact at all times.

Too much eye contact, especially if it is forced, can work against you. If you stare at a person, or leer in a suspicious way, the other person may feel uncomfortable and even suspicious about your intent. A fixed stare can seem like aggressive behavior. if it is a challenge as to who will look away first.

(1)Many people believe that eye contact is a sign of ___________.

A、honesty

B、dishonesty

C、attention

D、A and C

(2)According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true？

A、Eye contact is a way to show interest in another person.

B、When a person looks at you, his attention is placed on you.

C、When a person fails to make eye contact, he is definitely not interested in you.

D、It is common to look up, down, and all around when speaking to others.

(3)While we watch other person's face, we should have short periods of eye contact with, especially, other people's _____________.

A、eyes

B、nose

C、mouth

D、ears

(4)Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage？

A、Eye contact is not a good test of honesty.

B、Some people may have trouble making and keeping eye contact, no matter how interested he is in the other person.

C、If someone can look at you directly in the eye, he or she is playing honestly.

D、A number of experts have found out that no one can make false eye contact.

(5)This passage mainly discusses ________________.

A、how to test one is honest or not by the way of eye contact

B、how to make eye contact

C、how to avoid too much eye contact

D、the function of correct eye contact

tration says fifty percent of small businesses【C1】______in the first year and ninety-five percent fail within five years.

Many【C2】______believe one way to【C3】______their chance of success is to【C4】______an already【C5】______business【C6】______a franchise(特许经营权). A franchise provides a name and products that people know. One of the【C7】______franchising companies in the world,【C8】______, is McDonald's.

A person who wants to start a【C9】______must pay a【C10】______. This amount of money depends on【C11】______the franchising company【C12】______the new business to earn. To open a McDonald's franchise costs at least 500,000 dollars【C13】______fees. Franchise fees for some other companies are only a few thousand dollars.【C14】______, store space, goods and other things needed to operate a franchise may cost【C15】______.

Franchise buyers【C16】______pay a percentage of their earnings every year【C17】______the right to operate the business. They also must agree to pay for marketing efforts. A【C18】______of earnings【C19】______national advertising. Another percentage may go to local advertising.

Franchises are a very big kind of small business. Like any other kind of business,【C20】______, there is no guarantee of success.

【C1】

A．succeed

B．fail

C．prosper

D．run

families welfare, reputation, and honor. Asian families are often【C1】______ , including several generations related by【C2】______ or marriage living in the same home. An Asian person' s misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family--including the dead【C3】______ .

Traditional Chinese, among many other Asians, respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty 【C4】______ them. Children repay their parents'【C5】______ by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a 【C6】______ part of life in China. 【C7】______ ,taking care of the aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous 【C8】______ in the United States, where aging and family support are not 【C9】______ highly. 【C10】______ , in the youth-oriented United States, growing old is seen as a bad thing, and many old people do not receive respect.

Pilipinos, the most Americanized of the Asians, are 【C11】______ extremely family-oriented. They are 【C12】______ to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an education.【C13】______ , the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who leave the country for economic reasons【C14】______ send large parts of their income home to their parents. The Vietnamese family【C15】______ people currently【C16】______ as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn.

Any【C17】______ or actions are done from family considerations, not individual desires. People' s behavior. is fudged【C18】______ whether it brings shame or pride to the family. The Vietnamese do not particularly believe in self-reliance; in this way, they are the【C19】______ of people in the United States. Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their【C20】______ in the next life.

【C1】

A．enlarged

B．extended

C．expanded

D．lengthened

gh school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become "better" people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don't go.

But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don't fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other's experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.

Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that's a c6ndemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn't explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We've been, told that young people have to go to college because our economy can't absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds either.

Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn't make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—maybe it's just the other way around', and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.

What does the author believe according to the passage？______

A．People used to question the value of college education

B．People used to have full confidence in higher education

C．All high school graduates went to college

D．Very few high school graduates chose to go to college