[sharp; sustainable; soar; grim; release; bleak; i

A.decision

B.decoration

C.decline

D.declare

Joseph Glass, CFA, is a consultant who provides advisory services to large manufacturing companies. Glass has been retained by ABCO, a leading manufacturer of widgets for automobiles in the United States. ABCO has hired Glass to evaluate the possibility of expanding their current base of operations by building an additional facility in South America. Management of ABCO has identified anincrease in demand for widgets in South America over the past decade, and any new manufacturing facility would produce goods to satisfy that void and would be distributed and sold across South America.

Glass is not familiar with the current economic climate in South America, but is aware that several governments have attempted to encourage economic development in their countries through the enactment of pro-business legislation. Two of these countries, Venezuela and Peru, both have the reputations of being “friendly” to foreign economic investment within their borders. The two countries share some similarities: both, until the past twenty years, were primarily agricultural economies with little industrial development. Also, both countries can offer a relatively low-cost labor force, although their workers in general, are not highly skilled.

The government of Peru has declared that protecting the country’s environment is of utmost importance, and has established a regulatory body that oversees any environmental concerns that may arise as the country becomes more industrialized. Fairly stringent regulations have already been put into place in order to ensure that going forward, the operating practices of manufacturers within their country’s borders will be in balance with the government’s concern for their county’s natural resources. Regulations cover areas of concern such as air emissions, water conservation and the use of sustainable resources. Glass advised ABCO that a cost-benefit analysis must be performed to accurately determine both the direct and indirect costs of compliance with the regulations.

The Venezuelan government has taken steps to ensure that it can carefully manage the development of its country’s emerging economy, and to ensure that a competitive market is maintained. A regulatory agency was established five years ago to provide guidance for any new manufacturing concern seeking to operate in Venezuela. The head of the agency is Juan Santos, the former CEO of one of the first modernized manufacturing facilities in the country. During his tenure as head of the agency, he has demonstrated his ability to render decisions that attempt to simultaneously satisfy legislators, industry participants, and consumers. Glass is impressed by Santos’ work so far, but realizes that over the past five years, Venezuela has experienced a period of relatively slow economic development. Glass believes that Santos’ skills will truly be put to the test in the upcoming years of the anticipated economic expansion.

Glass acknowledges the need for governmental regulation of industry, but recognizes that there always are offsetting costs, both short-term and long-term of such controls. Based upon his knowledge of events that have occurred in the United States over the past thirty years, Glass recommends that ABCO continue to carefully monitor economic developments in both countries even after a site for a new manufacturing facility is selected.

Part 5)

Santos, as the head of the main regulatory body in Venezuela, must decide how to manage the effects of an unanticipated sharp increase in the cost of electricity. Santos proposed regulation that will allow manufacturers to pass on the increased costs at scheduled intervals over a five year period. This approach is an example of:

A) rate of return regulation.

B) cost-of-service regulation.

C) share-the-gains, share-the-pains theory.

D) social regulation.

有时被称为债务美元化。当本币对美元大幅贬值时，金融市场债务美元化会怎样恶化金融市场混乱局势？

In some emerging market economies，not only are debt obligations to foreigners denominated in dollars，so are many of the economies' internal debts，that is，debts of one domestic resident to another. This phenomenon is sometimes called liability dollarization. How might liability dollarization worsen the financial market disruption caused by a sharp depreciation of the domestic currency against the dollar？

essence of a harmonious society is affluence, the development of a country should go from being moderately well-off into being well-off and affluent; from having big gaps in income to narrowing gaps; from dealing with poverty to eliminating poverty. In a harmonious society people at all levels respect each other. Labour, knowledge, technology and capital are all factors of wealth creation, which can make profits and should be respected so long as they have made contributions to society. A harmonious society should see honest, friendly and harmonious relationships and just, fair and open competition between social members, regions and departments. In such a society, competition will optimize the distribution of resources, foster technological progress, develop social productivity and raise overall national strength. A harmonious society advocates an overall, co-ordinated and sustainable development concept, making the interests of different sectors balanced. So long as we follow this scientific development concept, we can get rid of social unrest and the destruction of natural resources that generally occurs in developing nations. During this period, we should pay attention to the relationship between humanity and nature, properly protect natural resources, reduce pollution and make efforts to raise the quality of the environment in order to realize sustainable development. A harmonious society should also see great improvements in morals and education. The strategy of invigorating the nation by education should be followed and elementary education and higher education universalized. Various academic theories should flourish. China has attached much importance to education, particularly compulsory education. The central government has planned fee exemptions and subsidies for students in 592 poor counties included in the national poverty-relief programme by 2007. Some experts want to extend the policy to poor families both in urban and rural areas. In addition, a harmonious society is also manifested by the gradual improvement of the legal system and standardized social management. A harmonious society is a society with the rule of law, where there is ordered market competition, strict market management and standard market behaviour. We have much work to do in these areas.

(1)This passage is to_______.

A. inform

B. narrate

C. argue

D. describe

(2)The passage mainly deals with_______.

A. how to turn a society into a harmonious one

B. how enjoyable to live in a harmonious society

C. how much work we have to do to make our society harmonious

D. what a harmonious society is like

(3)We can learn from the passage that _______.

A. in a harmonious society, income gaps possibly will be bigger

B. there is still poverty in a harmonious society

C. most important of all, a harmonious society is characterized by prosperity

D. people's living standards will remain the same as economy develops

(4)Which of the following is true according to the passage？

A. Only labor and capital make profits in a harmonious society.

B. Knowledge and technology can also make contribution to society.

C. Knowledge and technology should be respected more in a harmonious society.

D. Labor, knowledge, technology and capital are not all important in wealth creation.

(5)What can people enjoy in a harmonious society except _______.

A. good interpersonal relationships

B. fierce competition

C. scientific, sustainable development and better environment

D. progress in morals, education, the legal system and standardized social management

Mrs Sharp, a large, red-faced woman in her late sixties, has lived in Greenleas, a 'new town' in the countryside outside London, since 1958. Before that she lived in Bethnal Green, an area of inner London. She was moved to Greenleas by the local authorities when her old house was demolished (拆除).

She came from a large family with six girls and two boys, and she grew up among brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, grandparents and cousins. When she married her boyfriend from school at eighteen, they went on living with her parents, and her first child was brought up more by her mother than by herself, because she always worked.

As the family grew, they moved out of their parents' house to a flat. It was in the next street, and their life was still that of the extended family. "All my family used to live around Denby Street," said Mrs Sharp, "and we were always in and out of each other's houses." When she went to the shops, she used to call in on her mother to see if she wanted anything. Every day she would visit one sister or another and see a nephew or niece at the corner shop or in the market.

"You always knew 90% of the people you saw in the street every day, either they were related to you or you were at school with them," she said.

When her babies were born (she had two sons and a daughter), she said, "All my sisters and neighbours would help - they used to come and make a cup of tea, or help in some other way." And every Saturday night there was a family party. It was at Mrs Sharp's mother's house. "Of course we all know each other very well. You have to learn to get on with each other. I had one neighbour who was always poking(管闲事) her nose into our business. She was forever asking questions and gossiping (拨弄是非). But you had to put up with everyone, whatever they were like."

1)、Mrs. Sharp had to move to Greenleas because she had to work there.

A.T

B.F

2)、When she got married, she lived together with her parents all the time.

A.T

B.F

3)、She knew so many people because they were either her relatives or schoolmates.

A.T

B.F

4)、The sentence "I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business." in the last Para. means I had one neighbour who always showed her interests in our private affairs.

A.T

B.F

5)、This passage mainly deals with what the extended family is like.

A.T

B.F

the plane just took off. She told him that she would bring him the water in ten minutes.

The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water. As a result, the passenger was held up to take his medicine. Thirty minutes later, when the passenger's ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused.

In the following hours on the plane, each time the air hostess passed by the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger never answered a word.

When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passengers' booklet. She was very sad. She knew that he would write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.

Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it. “On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles？”

That's right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person？

操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”;句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。

A passenger wants a cup of water because he is thirsty.

The air hostess forgot to give him the water on purpose.

The passenger refused the cup of water.

The passenger didn't write down any sharp words.

This passage tells us that a sincere smile is of no use.

The Extended Family

Mrs Sharp, a large, red-faced woman in her late sixties, has lived in Greenleas, a 'new town' in the countryside outside London, since 1958. Before that she lived in Bethnal Green, an area of inner London. She was moved to Greenleas by the local authorities when her old house was demolished.

She came from a large family with six girls and two boys, and she grew up among brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, grandparents and cousins. When she married her boyfriend from school at eighteen, they went on living with her parents, and her first child was brought up more by her mother than by herself, because she always worked.

As the family grew, they moved out of their parents' house to a flat. It was in the next street, and their life was still that of the extended family. "All my family used to live around Denby Street," said Mrs Sharp, "and we were always in and out of each other's houses." When she went to the shops, she used to call in on her mother to see if she wanted anything. Every day she would visit one sister or another and see a nephew or niece at the corner shop or in the market.

"You always knew 90% of the people you saw in the street everyday, either they were related to you or you were at school with them," she said.

When her babies were born (she had two sons and a daughter), she said, "All my sisters and neighbours would help – they used to come and make a cup of tea, or help in some other way." And every Saturday night there was a family party. It was at Mrs Sharp's mother's house. "Of course we all know each other very well. You have to learn to get on with each other. I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business. She was forever asking questions and gossiping. But you had to put up with everyone, whatever they were like."

1.Why did Mrs. Sharp have to move to Greenleas？ ()

A.Because she had to work there.

B.Because she didn’t like the old place at all.

C.Because her house in the downtown area was knocked down.

2.When she got married, she lived ______.

A.together with her parents all the time

B.together with her parents for some time

C.far away from her parents’ house

3.Why did she know so many people？ ()

A.Because she was easy going.

B.Because they were either her relatives or schoolmates.

C.Because she was good at making friends with people.

4.The sentence “I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business.” in the last Para. means ______.

A.I had one neighbour who was always warm-hearted.

B.I had one neighbour who was always ready to help us.

C.I had one neighbour who always showed her interests in our private affairs.

5.What does this passage mainly deal with？ ()

A.What the extended family is like.

B.The relationship between Mrs Sharp and her neighbour.

C.How Mrs Sharp brings her children up.

I am not sure that I can draw an exact line between wit and humor (perhaps the distinction is so subtle that only those persons can decide who have long white beards), but even an ignorant person may ex- press an opinion in this matter.

I am quite positive that humor is the more comfortable and livable quality, for humorous persons, if their gift is genuine and not a mere shine upon the surface, are always agreeable companions. They have pleasant mouths turned up at the corners, to which the great Master of Marionettes has fixed the strings and he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them at the slightest jest. But the mouth of a merely witty man is hard and sour. Nor is the flash from a witty man always comforting, but a humorous man radiates a general pleasure.

I admire wit, but I have no real liking for it; it has been too often employed against me, whereas humor is always an ally. It never points an impertinent linger into my defects. A wit's tongue, however, is as sharp as a donkey's stick—I may gallop the faster for its prodding, but the touch behind is too persuasive for any comfort.

Wit is a lean creature with a sharp inquiring nose, whereas humor has a kindly eye and a comfortable girth. Wit has a better voice in a solo, but humor comes into the chorus best. Wit keeps the season's fashions and is precise in the phrases and judgments of the day, but humor is concerned with homely eternal things.

The distinction between wit and humor is______.

A．of no particular importance

B．solely a matter of opinion

C．subtle

D．exact and important

Passage 2

When you think about the growth of human population over the last century or so, it is all too easy to imagine it merely as an increase in the number of humans. But as we _1_, so do all the things associated with us, including our livestock. At present, there are about 1.5 billion _2_ and domestic buffalo and about 1.7 billion sheep and goats. With pigs and poultry, they form. a _3_ part of our enormous biological footprint upon this planet. Just how enormous was not really _4_ until the publication of a new report, called “Livestock’s Long Shadow,” by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Consider these numbers. Global livestock grazing and feed production use “30 percent of the land surface of the planet.” Livestock—which consume more food than they _5_—also compete directly with humans for water. And the drive to expand grazing land destroys more biologically sensitive land, rain forests _6_, than anything else. But what is even more striking, and _7_, is that livestock are responsible for about 18 percent of the global warming effect, more than transportation’s _8_. Greenhouse gases, such as methane and nitrogen，are resulted from their digestion. Grazing land, which destroys forests, adds to the effect. There are no easy trade-offs when it comes to global warming—such as cutting back on livestock to make room for care. The human _9_ for meat is certainly not about to end anytime soon. As “Livestock’s Long Shadow” makes clear, our health and the health of the planet depend on pushing livestock production in more _10_ directions.

A)yield

B)contribution

C)stain

D)ideally

E)apparent

F)multiply

G)cattle

H)passion

I)scrape

J)critical

K)liable

L)sustainable

M)deposit

N)alarming

O)especially

第1空答案是：

Questionsare based on the following passage.

When you think about the growth of human population over the last century or so， it is alltoo easy to imagine it merely as an increase in the number of humans. But as we（36）， so doall the things associated with us，（37）our livestock （家畜）. At present， there are about 1.5 bil-lion cattle and domestic buffalo and about 1.7 billion sheep and goats. With pigs and poultry，they form. a（38）part of our enormous biological footprint upon this planet.

Just how enormous was not really apparent until the（39）of a new report， called "Live-stock"s Long Shadow，" by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations.

Consider these numbers. Global livestock grazing （放牧） and feed production use "30percent of the land surface of the planet." Livestock —— which consume more food thanthey（40）—— also compete directly with humans for water. And the drive to expand grazingland destroys more biologically sensitive terrain， rain forests（41）， than anything else.

But what is even more striking， and alarming， is that livestock are（42）for about 18 per-cent of the global warming effect， more than transportation"s（43）. The culprits （罪魁祸首）are methane —— the natural result of bovine digestion —— and the nitrogen emitted by manure.

Deforestation of grazing land adds to the effect.

There are no easy trade-offs when it comes to global warming —— such as cutting back oncattle to make room for cars. The human（44）for meat is certainly not about to end anytimesoon. As "Livestock"s Long Shadow" makes clear， our health and the health of the planet de-pend on pushing livestock production in more（45）directions.

A．publication

B．waste

C．contribution

D．certainly

E. yield

F. multiply

G. critical

H. passion

I . concerning

J . available

K. liable

L. sustainable

K. responsible

N. including

O.especially

第（36）题应填__________

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