Various studies and surveys have shown that the heavy usage of smartphones and social media negatively affects childrens mental and physical health.

A.historical comparative

B.diachronic

C.synchronic

D.comparative

the following EXCEPT ______.

A．careful studies of the work of their forerunners

B．complete involvement in the previous work in their fields

C．very early exposure to basic knowledge and various activities

D．total concentration on the work done previously

A、Pedagogy is an independent discipline

B、Pedagogy is a social science which studies human educational phenomena, solves educational problems and reveals general educational laws

C、Education is a social phenomenon that exists widely in human life, and pedagogy is an activity to cultivate social people purposefully

D、It reveals the general law of education through the study of various educational phenomena and problems

A.Pedagogy is an independent discipline

B.Pedagogy is a social science which studies human educational phenomena, solves educational problems and reveals general educational laws

C.Education is a social phenomenon that exists widely in Human life. and pedagogy is an activity to cultivate social people purposefully

D.It reveals the general law of education through the study of various educational phenomena and problems

e summary of a research article？_______________

A.Feng and Wignell (2011) reviewed recent studies on advertising discourse which showed the trend of using different styles of discourse types and voices from all walks of life in advertisements.They also noted that Appraisal Theory had been used to analyze other semiotic modes beyond language, but most studies of voice limited their scope to voices from specific sources.They addressed the same issue of intertextual voices, but with new frameworks of Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis, to better account for the features of advertising discourse including non-linguistic resources, and investigate how various voices engage with the product in the context of the advertisement (p.565).

B.Advertising discourse has attracted much attention from semioticians because it “tends to use a wide range of semiotic resources”.It is acknowledged that direct propaganda is less and less used in advertisements and advertisers deploy various strategies to enhance their persuasive power while trying to reduce the appearance of their commercial nature.As a result, advertisements have become a “parasite discourse”, or a “hybridized discourse”, drawing on styles from all kinds of discourse types (e.g.science, education, fine art) and voices from all walks of life (e.g.experts, celebrities, children) (Feng & Wignell, 2011: 565).

C.Recent research in Appraisal Theory has gone beyond language to include other semiotic modes (Chen and Qin, 2007; Economou, 2006; Martin, 2001).However, most studies of voice limit their scope to voices from specific sources.For example, Iedema et al.(1994) and Martin and White (2005) study multiple voicing in media discourse, identifying “reporter voice”, “correspondent voice” and “commentator voice” in different media genres; Coffin’s (2000) work reveals the voice options of “recorder”, “interpreter” and “adjudicator” in history discourse; Chen (2010) identifies character voice, editor voice and reader voice in EFL teaching materials.Martin and White (2005) use the termsvoiceandkeyinterchangeably but, in line with the studies just mentioned, as well as the original use of the term in Bakhtin (1981),voiceis used to refer to the resources of dialogic engagement (Feng & Wignell, 2011: 565).

D.Recent studies on advertising discourse showed the trend of using different styles of discourse types and voices from all walks of life in advertisements.Appraisal Theory has been used to analyze other semiotic modes beyond language, but most studies of voice limit their scope to voices from specific sources.The same issue of intertextual voices is addressed in this study, but with new frameworks of Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis to better account for the features of advertising discourse including non-linguistic resources, and investigate how various voices engage with the product in the context of the advertisement (Feng & Wignell, 2011: 565).

day for doctors conducting clinical studies of SARS patients. The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this year’s epidemic. Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.

"It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review," said Dr. Simon Mardel, a WHO official who led the two-day meeting that ended on Friday. He said thousands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as researchers try to determine treatments for SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome. "We recognize that having no treatment for SARS is hindering our ability to control an epidemic in so many ways." He said.

In the epidemic earlier this year, various treatments, like drugs to fight the virus or strengthen the immune system, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, were delivered under emergency conditions, in widely different settings and countries to patients suffering from varying stages of the illness. Those conditions--generally without standardized measurements or controlled situations-- have made it hard to interpret results.

Standard supportive therapy like nursing, and in severe cases the use of mechanical respirators (呼吸器) to help patients breathe, is the mainstay (主要支持) of SARS care, and helped many patients survive. But doctors still do not know how best to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties, Dr. Mardel said. One method is invasive ventilation. A second method involves blowing oxygen into the lungs through a mask. Both carry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees. Without proper analysis, the panel was unable to say definitively which treatment worked best, or which caused the most harm. "There is a lack of shared information," Dr. Mardel said, noting that a lot of data have not been published.

The panel also agreed on guidelines that would allow doctors to conduct quick and safe clinical trials, a process that generally takes years to complete. The World Health organization, a United Nations agency did not release the guidelines. Dr. Mardel said they were flexible because no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return. Experts in many countries have already listed the treatments they want to test, and the health agency is leaving these decisions to individual nations.

Guidelines recommended by the scientific panel can be used for______.

A．gathering potentially useful information about various therapies collected

B．conducting clinical studies of SAR8 patients

C．determining treatment for SARS

D．published all the information about SARS

Questions are based on the following passage．

Eating fruits and vegetables has proved helpful in preventing various chronic （慢性的 ） illnesses．Does that mean the more the better？

The data from 16 studies were analyzed，（36）more than 833，234 adults．The span of the studies（37）from 5 to 26 years．56，423 adults participating in the studies died．Overall， the more fruits andvegetables people（38）， the less likely they were to have died during the study period．For every（39）serving eaten， up to four a day， the chance of dying for any reason decreased by 5 percent．Those who ate four servings a day were 24 percent less（40）to have died than those who ate none atall．However， eating five or more daily servings indicated no added（41） Higher consumption offruits and vegetables also showed（42）no effect on the probability of dying from cancer．

Although the recommendation of the（43）serving varies with age， health status and other

factors， most adults are called for to fill half their plate with fruits and vegetables．The food pyramidmodel（44）that adults eat three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings offruits dally．

However， the study did not determine whether certain fruits or vegetables were more or lessbeneficial than others．It indeed inferred that there"s a（n）（45）to how much fruit and vegetables aregood for you．

A．additional

B．annual

C．benefit

D．boundary

E．consumed

F．daily

G．essentially

H．Financially

I．Investing

J．Involving

K．Likely

L．Limit

M．Probable

N．Ranged

O．Suggested

第（36）题应填__________ 查看材料

ance to the adolescent. One is his【B2】towards education. Generally speaking, the adolescent who【B3】his studies and feels accepted in school will【B4】do well in social adjustments. On the other hand, the adolescent【B5】be dissatisfied with his education and【B6】to disruptive behavior. such as escapism, anti-authoritarian attitudes,【B7】and the other is the adolescent's【B8】for vocational choice. The period between 15 and 25 is the exploratory stage【B9】vocational development. The adolescent is often【B10】and over-ambitious in his vocational aspirations, and lack【B11】guidance in this important aspect in life often【B12】to frustration. For those who are already in【B13】, they may have various difficulties【B14】to the change from the protective atmosphere of the【B15】and the school to the impersonal competitive and【B16】atmosphere of the workplace. In this bewilderment and frustration,【B17】become disappointed and dissatisfied, so they may resort to【B18】hopping. Others become disillusioned and may develop more or less【B19】attitudes towards work. So how to help the adolescent establish his identity and find a meaning in life calls【B20】the attention of the whole society.

【B1】

A．with

B．of

C．in

D．at

llections, exhibition areas and the layout of galleries, but also keep up with the international standard and pay close attention to the improvement of the visitor-oriented service as well as to the interaction between visitors and the exhibits. With China playing an ever important role in the world political and economic arenas, more and more overseas tourists come over to visit Chinese museums and inevitably play a critical part in evaluating Chinese museums and their effectiveness in promoting Chinese culture. Therefore it becomes more pressing and important that good translation of commentaries and the names of exhibits in Chinese museums is expected and required. At present, multilingual interpretation including English is normally adopted in the commentaries and displays of the Chinese museums. While the practice and research of museum-related text translation has long been carried out with more and more in-depth studies, the museum-related translation is poor in quality, full of mistakes including various spelling and grammatical errors for lack of well-qualified translators specializing in museum text translation as well as unified translation standard. Different from the traditional translation theories which mainly focus on the author of original texts and the translator, Reception Aesthetics lays emphasis on the reader, the reading process and acceptance of the text, stressing that the readers' horizon of expectation plays an important role in the understanding of the text. Under the theoretical guidance of Reception Aesthetics, this thesis aims to explore the Chinese-English translation of museum-related texts from the perspectives of Indeterminacy and the Horizon of Expectation.

Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is_____(36)different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progress in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.

It seems that the information society_____(37)the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view as a_____(38)analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different_____(39)is possible when the actual amount of information_____(40)by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information_____(41)throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between "information haves" and "information have-nots," leading to digital divide.

According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major_____(42): class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With_____(43)to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, _____(44)with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation,_____(45)to an industrial society.

A.accustomed习惯的 通常的

B.acquired 取得

C.assembly 集合

D.attribute 把…归于

E.champions 冠军

F.elements 原理，元素

G.expands 扩大

H.familiar 熟悉的

I.flows 流动

J.fundamentally 从根本上地

K.interpretation 解释

L.passive 被动的

M.regard 把..看作，与…有关

N.respectively 分别地

O.superficial 表面的，肤浅的