What may occur in Asia in the coming months（）

price. And the people who want no-frills service and cheap product will also get it at the other end of the market. So competition allows a range of variety to occur in a market. The benefit to society of competition is that it makes a major contribution to the fundamental economic issue, which is the scarcity of productive resources. It means that on the production side, there is maximum pressure to conserve the use of those scarce productive resources. On the demand side it also rations consumer demand appropriately, and it also tends to mean that the variety of consumer needs can be met.

1. From the first paragraph of the passage we can know that usually there are ()kinds of consumers who may get satisfied in a market.

A. two

B. three

C. four

2. What does “it” in the first sentence of paragraph 2 refer to()

A. fundamental economic issue

B. the scarcity of productive resources

C. The benefit of competition

3. The sentence in paragraph 1“So competition allows a range of variety to occur in a market” means ().

A. competition makes the market supply various products and services

B. competition makes a lot of things occur in a market

C. competition makes different things occur in a market

4. On the demand side competition also ()appropriately.

A. meets consumer needs

B. makes consumer rational

C. makes consumer satisfied

5. The best title of this passage is ().

A. Fundamental Economic Issue

B. The Benefit of Competition

C. Consumer Demand and Market

阅读材料，回答题。

In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early postwar era(战后时期), there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are facing with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over trusting (过分信任) of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons maybe pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction(失灵).

Obviously, there would be no point in investing(投入) in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

What is the main purpose of this passage？ 查看材料

A.To look back to the early days of computers

B.To explain what technical problems may occur with computers

C.To discourage unnecessary investment in computers

D.To warn against the blindness to the probable shortcomings of computers

Changing technology and markets have stimulated the team approach tomanagement. Inflation, resource scarcity, reduced personnel levels and budgetcuts have all underscore the need for better coordination in organizations.Team management provides for this coordination. Team management calls for newskills if personnel potential is to be fully realized. Although a team may be composed ofknowledgeable people, they must learn new ways of relating and working togetherto solve cross-functional problems. When teams consist to be experiencedemployees from hierarchical organizations, who have been condition totraditional organizational culture. Cooperation may not occur naturally, itmainly to be created. Furthermore, the issue is not just how the team canfunction more effectively, but how it integrates with the overall organization,all society that it supposes it serves. A group of individuals is notautomatically a team. Therefore, team building may be necessary in order toimprove the group’s performance. Casey, an expert in this field, suggests thatthe cooperation process within teams must be organized, promoted and managed.He believes the team corporation results when members go beyond theirindividual capabilities, beyond what each is used to being and doing. Together,the team may then produce something new, unique and superior to that of any onemember. For this to happen, he suggests the multi-cultural managers exhibitunderstanding of their own and others’ cultural influences and limitations.They should also cultivate such skills as toleration of ambiguity, persistenceand patience, as well as assertedness. If a team manager exemplifies suchqualities, then the team as a whole would be better able to realize theirpotential and achieve their objectives.

Q 16: What should teammembers do to fully realize their potential？

Q 17: What needs to beconsidered for effective team management？

Q 18: What conclusion can wedraw from what Casey says？

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people aresimilar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are atleast customary and undisputed.

Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently　and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements　rather than in the complex ones; in form. rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.

Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it　comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分为二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities,　because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.

36.What kind of society tends to promote social changes？

A) A society where people are similar in many ways.

B) A society where there are only white people.

C) A society where there are only black people.

D) A society where there is a mixture of different kinds of people.

37.In a mixed society, there may be disagreement in ____.

A) ideas C) beliefs

B) interests D) all of the above

38.Which of the following is not true, according to the passage？

A) Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.

B) Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were old.

C) Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to promote social change.

D) Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.

39.Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ____.

A) people there are easy to please

B) people there are less argumentary

C) people there have got so accustomed to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change

D) people there have same needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty

40.The passage is mainly discussing ____.

A) two different societies

B) certain factors that determine the case with which social change oc curs

C) the necessity of social change

D) the significance of social change

ing presented. Readers ___46___ the material that they have read not simply to understand it, ___47___ to interpret, analyze, and critique this information. Readers use several different methods to help them reflect such as careful note – taking, synthesis (综合). And analysis.

Careful note – taking on your reading material ___48___ while you read. Pausing periodically to ___49__ about important claims or ideas, ___50___ details, or questions about unclear concepts. The act of note – taking will help you to reflect about the content of the document, and the notes you keep will ___51___ an archive that you can refer to in the future.

Synthesis is the ability to take what are ___52___ seeming irrelevant points and put them together into a meaningful, new whole. Synthesis may occur during your reading, or it may tale place after you have read a document in its entirety.

Analysis moves synthesis one step ___53___ , encouraging a reader to carefully examine thoroughly the points ___54__ , and how they are synthesized. After readers analyze a passage or a whole text, they ___55__ regarding the document, either generally agreeing or disagreeing with its message. (205 words)

46. A. study B. reflect on C. consider D. think

47. A. and B. but also C. moreover D. yet

48. A. must take place B. may start C. have to begin D. should occur

49. A. make note B. write note C. take notes D. keep note

50. A. relevant B. connected C. associated D. linked

51. A. act as B. serve as C. consider as D. regard as

52. A. firstly B. to begin with C. first hand D. at first

53. A. in advance B. farther C. further D. forwardly

54. A. to be made B. being made C. having made D. to make

55. A. take a position B. insist on C. consider D. hold the view

o predict their future【C2】______. People seem inclined to【C3】______this task using causal reasoning. First, we generally【C4】______that future circumstances are【C5】______caused or conditioned by present【C6】______We learn that getting an education will【C7】______how much money we earn later and that swimming be yond the reef may bring an unhappy【C8】______with a shark.

Second, people also learn that such【C9】______of cause and effect are probabilistic(概率)in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are【C10】______, but not always.【C11】______, students learn that studying hard【C12】______good grades in most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more explicit and【C13】______techniques for dealing【C14】______them more rigorously than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to【C15】______between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we don't understand why, we are willing to act【C16】______the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.

Whatever the primitive drives that【C17】______human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to predict future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in a【C18】______of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns【C19】______, you can predict better than if you simply observe those patterns. Thus, human inquiry aims【C20】______answering both" what" and "why" questions, and we pursue these goals by observing and figuring out.

【C1】

A．exhibit

B．exaggerate

C．examine

D．exceed

o predict their future【C2】______People seem inclined to【C3】______this task u sing causal reasoning. First, we generally【C4】______that future circumstances are【C5】______caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will【C6】______how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy【C7】______with a shark.

Second, people also learn that such【C8】______of cause and effect are probabilistic in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are【C9】______, but not al ways.【C10】______, students learn that studying hard produces good grades【C11】______most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more clear and【C12】______techniques for dealing with them more【C13】______than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to【C14】______between prediction and under .standing. Often, even if we don't under stand why, we are willing to act on the basis of a demonstrated【C15】______ability.

Whatever the primitive drives that【C16】______human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to predict future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in the【C17】______of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns【C18】______, you can predict better than if you simply ob serve those patterns. Thus, human inquiry aims【C19】______answering both "what" and "why" questions, and we【C20】______these goals by observing and figuring out.

【C1】

A．exhibit

B．exploit

C．release

D．expose

rs would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of the functions of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons might be pushed, or that a computer might simply fail to work properly.

Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something had gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a device that can take the place of fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

The main purpose of this passage is______.

A．to look back to the early days of computers

B．to explain what technical problems may occur with computers

C．to warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers

D．to discourage unnecessary investment in computers

Forces other than damaging winds are also at work inside tornadoes (龙卷风) . Sometimes,as the wind passes a house, the walls and ceiling burst apart as if a bomb had gone off inside. This explosion is caused by the low air pressure at the center of a tornado.

The pressure at the center of a tornado is usually 13 pounds per square inch. However,inside the house the air pressure is normal, about 15 pounds per square inch.The difference of 2 pounds per square inch between the inside and outside pressure may not seem like much. But suppose a tornado passes over a small building that measures 20 by 10 by feet. On each square inch of the building, there is 2 pounds of pressure from the inside

that is not balanced by air pressure outside the building. On the ceiling, that adds up to an unbalanced pressure of 57600 pounds. The pressure of the four walls adds up to 172800 pounds.

If windows are open in the building, some of the inside air will rush out through them.This will balance the pressure inside and outside the building.But if the windows are shut tightly, the huge inside pressure may cause the building to burst.

Unfortunately, heavy rain often occurs in the storms that later produce tornadoes,so people often shut their windows. This may cause far worse damage later.

21、 What did the paragraph before this passage most probably discuss？

A、 Measuring rainfall from a storm

B、 The kinds of damage caused by explosions

C、 The powerful winds of tornadoes

22、 Which of the following is the main topic of the passage？

A、 How tornadoes can be prevented

B、 When tornadoes usually occur

C、 Why tornadoes cause so much damage

23、 Tornadoes can destroy buildings because the()

A、 force of a tornado increases the air pressure in a building

B、 air pressure inside a tornado is less than the air pressure inside a building

C、 air pressure at the center of a tornado is over 172000 pounds

24、 What is the difference per square inch between the air pressure inside a building and the air pressure inside a tornado？

A、 2 pounds

B、 13 pounds

C、 15 pounds

25、 What would happen if the windows are shut tightly in the stormy weather？

A、 Tornadoes may be formed

B、 The house may be apart

C、 There may not be any pressure inside the building

with little or no warning.

A、have to

B、dared

C、may