What is the emphasis of backpacker hostels on（）

英译中

A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.

w York Times, and Smart Money Magazine. He respects the various publications but places more emphasis on Smart Money magazine because it specializes in investment issues. What behavioral characteristic does Roberts have as the basis for his decision making？

s admired by most American people.Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members.In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically.What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual.With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself,for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices.Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant.Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.翻译

With the widespread use of the personal computer, many authorities in the field of(56)have pointed out the need for computer literacy.Unfortunately, there is no(57)agreement as to what the term "computer literacy" means. Some feel that computer literacy means knowing how to make the computer "compute"; that is knowing how to program computers in one or more programming languages.Others feel that knowing how to program is merely a small segment of computer literacy. These people(58)the major emphasis in schools should be on teaching how to effectively use the many software packages that are available.Still others suggest that computer literacy education is not required. They suggest that computers are being so rapidly integrated into our society that using a computer will be as(59)as using a telephone or a video tape recorder, and that special education will not be necessary. (60)of one's definition of computer literacy, it is recognized by most that learning to use a computer is indeed an important skill in modern society.

A．culture

B．science

C．education

D．industry

before they finish high school. It is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children. Companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too. Thus, pursuing overseas study became a kind of short cut in gaining a better future. But not all families can afford the huge cost for their children’s overseas study, especially for the children who have to study abroad for many years. Moreover, some students may be too young to restrain themselves and are likely to commit crimes abroad. What do you think of studying abroad before finishing high school in China and when do you think is the best time for people to study abroad.

1、按英语作文格式书写;2、说明核心观点并进行阐述;3、英文字数控制在 400-500 个单词;4、没有统一答案，请勿抄袭。

Text 4

Jill Ker Conway ,president of Smith ,echoes the prevailing view of contemporary technology when she says that " anyone in today's world who doesn't understand data processing is not educated. " But she insists that the mcreasing emphasis on these matters leave certain gaps. Says she: "The very strongly utilitarian emphasis in education ,which is an effect of man-made satellites and the cold war, has really removed from this culture something that was very profound in its 18th and 19th century roots ,which was a sense that literacy and learning were ends in themselves for a demo- cratic republic. "

In contrast to Plato's claim for the social value of education,a quite different idea of intellectu-al purposes was advocated by the Renaissance humanists. Ovejoyed with their rediscovery of the classical leaming that was thought to have disappeared during the Dark Ages,they argued that the imparting of knowledge needs no justification-religious ,social ,economic ,or political. Its purpose,to the extent that it has one ,is to pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutes civilization. "What could man acquire ,by virtuous striving ,that is more valuable than knowledge？" asked Erasmus ,perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own. "The educational process has no end beyond itself," said John Dewey. "It is its own end. "

But what exactly is the corpus of knowledge to be passed on？ In simpler times ,it was all included in the medieval universities' Quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music ) and Trivium(grammar, thetoric ,logic). As recently as the last century ,when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorize and recite various Latin texts,and crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveries or modern European languages. "They felt," said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. ,the Union Pacific Railroad president who devoted his later years to writing history ,"that a classical education was the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man who had not been to college ,and that anything that diminished the importance of this distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. "

56. The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conway accepts utilitarian emphasis in education

[A] wholeheartedly.

[B] with reservation.

[C] against her own will.

[D] with contempt.

ass basis or to find the gifted few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the two jobs must be carried on at the same time. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce specialists in many fields. Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make the policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary, to judge the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services.

In education there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that con tribute to effective thinking and wise judgement. Such balance is defeated by too much emphasis on any one field. This question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative emphasis among the natural sciences themselves. Similarly, we must have a balance between the current and classical knowledge. The attention of the public is continually drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, established materials that form. the basis of courses for beginners.

According to the passage, the task of education is fairly complicated because ______.

A．the current public school system is too complicated to be understood

B．the public school system has no choice of what to teach

C．it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schools

D．the educators should take care of both ordinary and gifted students

f you ask children what their fathers do, riley will say "My daddy drives a truck" or "My daddy is an engineer."

But in Japan, the child will tell you "My daddy works for Mitsubishi" or for "Hitachi". But you will have no idea whether the father is the president of Hitachi or a worker of Hitachi.

In Japan, the most important thing is what organization you work for. This becomes very significant when you try to analyze the direction-taking or decision-making process. At least, it explains the greater job stability in Japan, in contrast to the greater job mobility in America.

While people differ in many ways, such differences are neither superior nor inferior to each other. A particular pattern of management behavior. develops from a complexity of unique cultural factors -- and will only work within a given culture.

For example, in any approach to a problem and in any negotiations in Japan, there is the "you to you" approach, as distinguished from the Western "i to you" approach.

The difference is this: in "I to you" , both sides present their arguments straight from their own point of view -- they state what they want and what they expect to get, Thus, a confrontation (对立)situation is set up, and Westerners are very skillful in dealing with this.

The "you to you" approach practiced in Japan is based on each side -- automatically and often unconsciously -- trying to understand the other person's point of view, and for the purpose of the discussion actually declaring this understanding. Thus, the direction of the meeting is a mutual attempt at minimizing confrontation and achieving harmony.

When asking about your occupation, Japanese emphasize ______.

A．what occupation you are engaged in

B．what company you are employed by

C．whether your job is stable

D．whether you earn a good salary

Contrary to what many people believe, highly intelligent children are not necessarily bound to have an academic success. In fact, so-called gifted students may fail to do well because they are unusually smart. Ensuring that a gifted child reaches his or her potential requires an understanding of what can go wrong and how to satisfy the unusual learning requirements of extremely bright young people.

One common problem gifted kids face is that they, and those around them, place too much importance on being smart. Such an emphasis can breed a belief that bright people do not have to work hard to do well. Although smart kids may not need to work hard in the lower grades when the work is easy, they may struggle and perform. poorly when the work gets harder because they do not make the effort to learn. In some cases, they may not know how to study, having never done it before. In others, they simply cannot accept the fact that some tasks require effort.

If the scholastic achievement of highly intelligent children remains below average for an extended period, many teachers will fail to recognize their potential. As a result, such students may not get the encouragement they need, and may further be depressed to learn. They may fall far behind in their schoolwork and even develop behavior. problems. Boys may turn aggressive or become class clowns(小丑).Girls often develop performance anxiety and other symptoms such as stomachaches.

One way to avoid such difficulties is to recognize that IQ is just one of the elements for success. Children do well or struggle in school for a host of reasons apart from IQ, according to psychologist Franz Monks of the University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands. These include motivation and persistence, social competence, and the support of family, educators and friends. Emphasizing the importance of persistence and hard work, for example, will help a child avoid the laziness trap. Gifted children also need intellectual challenges-to teach them how to work hard.

26. According to the first paragraph, the author believes that _.

A. intelligent students may fail to do well in their schoolwork

B. gifted students are too smart to do well in their schoolwork

C. intelligent students are bound to succeed in their schoolwork

D. gifted students understand what can go wrong and how to learn

27. When too much emphasis is placed on students' intelligence, people are likely to take it for granted that _.

A. smart students may not do well in the lower grades

B. intelligent students know how to avoid laziness trap

C. clever students require more intelligence than hard work

D. bright students may succeed even if they do not work hard

28. It is observed in the third paragraph that _.

A. highly gifted students show a great desire to learn

B. highly gifted students tend to fall ill with no reason

C. highly intelligent students also need encouragement

D. highly intelligent students score higher than average students

29. According to the author, a student's IQ is _.

A. one of the factors of success

B. the only factor for his success

C. directly related to persistence

D. closely associated with competence

30. This passage aims to tell people about _.

A. the academic performance of gifted students

B. the proper attitudes toward gifted students

C. the difficulties in recognizing gifted students

D. the motivation students need for their studies

Passage Two

The brain is a seemingly endless library, whose shelves house our most precious memories as well as our lifetime’s knowledge. But is there a point where it reaches capacity？

The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated than that. Instead of just crowding in, old information is sometimes pushed out of the brain for new memories to form.

Previous behavioural studies have shown that learning new information can lead to forgetting. But in a new study, researchers demonstrated for the first time how this effect occurs in the brain.

In daily life, forgetting actually has clear advantages. Imagine, for instance, that you lost your bank card. The new card you receive will come with a new personal identificatipn number (PIN). Each time you remember the new PIN, you gradually forget the old one. This process improves access to relevant information, without old memories interfering.

And most of us may sometimes feel the frustration of having old memories interfere with new, relevant memories. Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier. This type of memory (where you are trying to remember new, but similar information) is particularly vulnerable to interference.

When we acquire new information, the brain automatically tries to incorporate (合并)it within existing information by forming associations. And when we retrieve (检索) information, both the desired and associated but irrelevant information is recalled.

The majority of previous research has focused on how we learn and remember new information. But current studies are beginning to place greater emphasis on the conditions under which we forget, as its importance begins to be more appreciated.

A very small number of people are able to remember almost every detail of their life. While it may sound like an advantage to many, people with this rare condition often find their unusual ability burdensome.

In a sense, forgetting is our brain’s way of sorting memories, so the most relevant memories are ready for retrieval. Normal forgetting may even be a safety mechanism to ensure our brain doesn’t become too full.

What have past behavioural studies found about our brain？

A.Its capacity actually knows no limits

B.It grows sophisticated with practice

C.It keeps our most precious memories until life’s end

D.New information learned pushes old information out

What do people find about their rare ability to remember every detail of their life？A.It adds to the burden of their memory

B.It makes their life more complicated

C.It contributes to their success in life

D.It constitutes a rare object of envy

What is the benefit of forgetting？A.It frees us from painful memories

B.It helps slow down our aging process

C.It facilitates our access to relevant information

D.It prevents old information from forming associations

What does the passage say about forgetting？A.It can enlarge our brain capacity

B.It helps get rid of negative memories

C.It is a way of organising our memories

D.It should not cause any alarm in any way

What is the emphasis of current studies of memory？A.When people tend to forget

B.What contributes to forgetting

C.How new technology hinders memory capacity

D.Why learning and forgetting arc complementary

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！