题目
Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.
But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “It’s as if there’s something fun and liberating about making someone else’s choice.”
Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue—when they are tired of making choices—they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo (现状), he says. But the status quo can be problematic, since a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.”
In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential. “People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” he says. “That’s not to say that risk is always good, but it is related to taking action, whereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin(懊恼)of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfortunately hindered.”
Just because you can make good choices for others doesn’t mean you’ll do the same for yourself, Polman cautions. “Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others than they do for themselves,” he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.
What does the author say about people making decisions?
A.They may become exhausted by making too many decisions for themselves.
B.They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselves.
C.They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.
D.They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.
What does the example about the physicians illustrate?
A.Patients seldom receive due care towards the end of the day.
B.Prescription of antibiotics can be harmful to patients’health.
C.Decision fatigue may prevent people making wise decisions.
D.Medical doctors are especially susceptible to decision fatigue.
When do people feel less decision fatigue?
A.When they take decision shortcuts.
B.When they help others to make decisions.
C.When they have major decisions to make.
D.When they have advisers to turn to.
What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?
A.They turn to physicians for advice.
B.They tend to make risky decisions.
C.They adopt a totally new perspective.
D.They refrain from trying anything new.
What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?
A.It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.
B.It is likely to entail serious consequences.
C.It will enable people to be more creative.
D.It will more often than not end in regret.
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析,谢谢!
第1题
A.Yes, I am.
B.No, I don't.
C.No, I've never been ther
D.Certainly, I went ther
E.
第2题
Adam: Mmm….. This is the best pudding I've ever had!
Celia:________ I know you'd like it.
A、Didn't't I tell you?
B、Did I say it right?
C、Is what I said right?
D、What did I say?
第3题
第4题
A.already
B.yet
C.ever
D.never
第5题
— Have you ever been to the Great Wall in Beijing?
—__________
A. Yes, I am .
B. No, I don’t.
C. No, I’ve never been there.
D. Certainly, I went there.
第6题
-Larry is the biggest airhead I've ever met. He always makes careless mistakes, and he's a pain to work with. - ________ . You'll always have some co-workers that are harder to work with than others, you know.
:A I have the same feeling to you ;
B You really have it ;
C You shouldn't be so negative
第7题
M: Good morning, Cindy.
W: Roberta, what exactly do time management consultants do?
M: Well, Cindy, it's all about helping people to organize their work in an ef fective way: maximum efficiency; minimum stress.
W: Hah, sounds like something I need. Who are your clients?
M: Um, mainly business people, but I've also worked with politicians, civil servants and university lecturers.
W: Um, quite a range, then. And what sort of things help people to organ ize their time? I suppose punctuality is important.
M: Um, yes and no. It's easier to finish a meeting on time if it starts on time. But in international contexts, you do have to be aware of cultural differences.
W: For example?
M: Well, in Britain big, formal meetings usually start on time, but less for mal meetings often begin a few minutes late. In Germany, on the other hand, people expect all meetings to begin on time; In some countries, er, for example, in Latin America, there's a more relaxed attitude. So, you d6 have to adapt to circumstances.
W: Um, it sounds like even if you manage your own time very well, you still can't control what other people do.
M. Well, you can set limits. If you're meeting a friend who always arrives late, you can say, "Well, I'm going to wait for 15 minutes. If they aren't there by then, I'll leave,"
W: Hmm. I've got one friend who's always late. I don't think I'd ever see her if I did that.
M: Hah, but people who are always late are the ones you need to set limits with. If they know that you won't wait, then, perhaps they'll make an effort.
W: Isn't that rather harsh?
M: No, not really. Someone who constantly turns up late is putting a low value on your time. Let them know you've got other things to do. And I'm not suggesting you do that with everyone just the persistent latecomers.
(20)
A.To help people to organize their work in an effective way.
B.To help people to become efficient at their jobs.
C.To help people to arrange their time properly.
D.To help people to reduce stress.
第8题
-How often do you go dancing?
-_______.
A.I will go dancing tomorrow.
B. Yesterday.
C. Every other day.
D. I’ve been dancing for a year.
第9题
Have you ever listened to young children talking on the playground They are always boasting() Gavin. They reached the school gates. Still Gavin said nothing. “We’ve won,” Ted said to Harry, but he spoke too soon. On the way home, Gavin said, “My Dad is ___ 小题10: __ clean that he doesn’t have to bathe at all.”
第10题
—()
A.Could you tell me who is the owner
B.No kidding! Congratulations!
C.If I had the money, I'd start one.
第11题
— I've started my own software company.
—________________
A、Could you tell me who is the owner?
B、 No kidding! Congratulations!
C、If I had the money, I'd start one.
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