题目
The findings of those statisticians' successors -- that poor children are more likely to fail at school, poor adults to commit crimes and die young, and so on -- are nowadays uncontroversial. And policymakers mostly avoid metaphysics (形而上学). Instead, they try to break such links by spending to "end child poverty" and by targeting health and education initiatives on the neediest. Yet such attempts are doomed to disappoint, because they conceive of each social ill in isolation, rather than treating their shared root cause. Moreover, they misidentify that cause: it is not poverty as such, but inequality.
The evidence, here painstakingly collected, is hard to dispute. Within the rich world, countries where incomes are more evenly distributed have longer-lived citizens and lower rates of fatness, misbehavior. and teenage pregnancy than richer countries where wealth is more concentrated. Studies of British civil servants find that senior ones enjoy better health than their immediate subordinates, who in turn do better than those further down the ladder.
And the evidence is that the differences in status cause these "gradients (梯度)". Low-status Indian children do worse on tests if they must state their identities beforehand. High-status monkeys grew up in captivity(囚禁) show increased levels of stress hormones and become iii more often when they are moved to groups where they no longer dominate.
What to do about this sickness caused by other people's wealth? Increasing taxes on the rich, or smaller , differences in pay in the first place, say the authors, citing Sweden and Japan as instances of the two choices. A decade ago even left-wing politicians were "intensely relaxed about people getting rich". Now, as it becomes clearer that some of the rich got that way by theft, the idea that they have also caused injury more subtly will gain a readier hearing.
Too ready, perhaps: what if the price of greater equality is lower growth? The .received wisdom is that rich rewards are necessary to stimulate the innovation on which growth depends. "No loss", say the authors," We have got close to the end of what economic growth can do for us." But that is a claim that needs to be supported, rather than simply made in a few sentences. If our ancestors had declared themselves thus satisfied, we would be without many things that we value -- and that they would have valued too, could they have imagined them. Should we be ready to give up joys we have never known?
What can we learn about statisticians' findings on the poor in the passage?
A.It is controversial for it destroys the reputation of the poor.
B.It may be caused by a deep social phenomenon--inequality.
C.They are individual tales with no regularities and special meaning.
D.They totally change the previous rules of social scientists.
第1题
Elephants would()if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
A. die down
B.die out
C.die away
D.die off
第2题
Long long ago there was a very foolish thief. Do you know what he did one day? When he wanted to steal the bell on his neighbour’s door, he walked up to the door, took hold of the bell and pulled hard. The bell made a very loud noise. The thief was afraid and went home.
Then he sat down to think, “I must do something about the noise,” he said. He thought and thought. At last he had an idea. “Ah, I’ll put some cotton in my ears. Then I won’t be able to hear the noise.” The next day he went to the door of his neighbour, and took hold of the bell. This time he pulled even harder. The bell rang loudly, but the thief did not hear anything. With another hard pull he got the bell out. Just then the neighbour came running out. “Steal my bell? I’ll teach you a lesson,”the angry man shouted. And he hit the thief on the nose.
The foolish thief did not know how the neighbour found out he was stealing the bell. “Why did he come out just then?” he wondered.
1:The thief was trying to get his neighbour’s doorbell.()
2:The thief put some cotton in his ears. so his ears so as not to hear anything.()
3:The neighbour ran out probably because he knew his doorbell was being stolen.()
4:The neighbour hit the thief to punish him for stealing.()
5:The thief thought the neighbour could not hear the bell.()
第3题
1. The thief was trying to get his neighbor's doobell. ()
2.The thiet put some cotton in his ears so as not to hear anything()
3. The neighbor ran out probably because he knew his doorbell was being stolen. ()
4.The neighbor hit the thief to punish him for stealing. ()
5. The thief thought the neighbor couldn't hear the noise of the bell. ()
第4题
Then he sat down to think, "I must do something about the noise," he said.He thought and thought.At last he had an idea."Ah, I'll put some cotton in my ears.Then I won't be able to hear the noise." The next day he went to the door of his neighbor, and took hold of the bell.This time he pulled even harder.The bell rang loudly, but the thief did not hear anything.With another hard pull he got the bell out.Just then the neighbor came running out.
"Steal my bell? I'll teach you a lesson," the angry man shouted.And he hit the thief on the nose.
The foolish thief did not know how the neighbor found out he was stealing the bell."Why did he come out just then?" he wondered.
31.The thief was trying to get his neighbor's doorbell.()
A.T
B.F
32.The thief put some cotton in his ears so as not to hear anything.()
A.T
B.F
33.The neighbor ran out probably because he knew his doorbell was being stolen.()
A.T
B.F
34.The neighbor hit the thief to punish him for stealing.()
A.T
B.F
35.The thief thought the neighbor couldn't hear the noise of the bell.()
A.T
B.F
第5题
Which of the following statement shows Henry, the husband’s practicality?
A.He likes it when seeing her “strong new crops”
B.He compliments her gift of raising plants
C.He talks business with the men in the tractor shed
D.He wish she would work out in the orchard and raise some big apples
第6题
You can' t entirely blame men for this change in manners. The days are gone when women could be treated as the weaker sex. A whole generation of women has grown up demanding equality with men; not just equality in jobs or education, but in social attitudes. Hold a door open for some women and you're likely to get an angry lecture on treating women as inferiors, unable to open doors for themselves. Take a girl out for a meal and she'll probably insist on paying her share of the bill.
It' s no wonder, then, that men have given up some of the gestures of politeness and consideration which they used to show towards women. On the other hand, man' s politeness is perhaps slowly being replaced by true consideration for the needs and feelings of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.
What do gentlemen now do when a lady gets on a crowded bus or train?
A.They will stand up reluctantly.
B.They will offer her their seats after a while.
C.They will pretend not to see her.
D.They will get off the bus.
第7题
The Amish are often _ 33_by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple,inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modern
34_and the American dream of success and progress. But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing things the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime,for after all,they are good farmers who __ 35_the virtues of work and thrift.
A) accessing F) perceived K) survived
B) conveniences G) practice L) terminals
C) destined H) process M) undergone
D)expanding I)progress N) universal
E) industrialized J) respective O) vanished
第8题
a valuable parcel of diamonds() South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had() the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. ()the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building() others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel() the plane and carried it() the Customs House. While two detectives were() guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.() their surprise, the precious parcel was full ()stones and sand!
46、A、waited
B、wait
C、waiting
D、waits
47、A、over
B、in
C、across
D、from
48、A、tell
B、tells
C、told
D、telling
49、A、When
B、What
C、However
D、Since
50、A、that
B、when
C、while
D、which
51、A、down
B、on
C、in
D、off
52、A、off
B、away
C、from
D、into
53、A、keeps
B、kept
C、keep
D、keeping
54、A、Without
B、On
C、To
D、With
55、A、in
B、off
C、of
D、with
第9题
回答题Text 2
Every year for more than a decade I"ve gone with some good male friends to the music festi- val. Women are not invited, but they do prepare a picnic for our trip. The better the food, the more likely we are to continue our annual tradition and give them peace at least one week out of the year.
When we"re not eating, we sit around in circles and talk about manly stuff: women, mostly.After years of this special journey I have figured out women are different from us, especially when it comes to how we communicate. Women don"t need to manufacture reasons to chat, but guys need excuses like outings or organized events.
And I"ve noticed that when women are in groups there can be several conversations going on at once. When men are in a group, one man talks, and everybody else listens. It"s like bluegrass jamming in a way; one musician plays the lead, and the rest try to follow.
I"ve had more heartfelt conversations with other men at the festival than I"ve had at any other time in my life, partly because there are no women there, and partly because we"re all a little drunk. It was males bonding over whatever parts we still had left. The festival is also the only place I"ve ever cried in front of other men.
As the years have slipped by, some in our group have lost parents and grandparents, some have divorced, and others have changed careers, not always on purpose. It seems that every year something distressing has happened to at least one member of our crew, and the rest of us are there to listen and offer support.
I hope that this column can offer some comfort to women: if your man heads out on a bowling or poker night with the guys, be happy. Chances are good he"s not fleeing you and the kids, but he"s running toward the conversations he can only have with other men, and he"ll come home the better for it.
It is implied in the first paragraph that 查看材料
A.the trip is a relief for both men and women________
B.the trip will continue in spite of everything
C.the quality of the picnic needs improvement
D.the women can rarely get peace themselves
第10题
First of all, people spend less time working now than they used to, mostly due to the introduction of new industrial technology. The normal British working week is Monday to Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., although some people regularly work a few hours' overtime each week. Secondly, all working people get a minimum of two weeks' paid holiday a year. In addition, there are six or more bank holidays a year when all banks and businesses are closed. In some cases the dates of these national holidays change from year to year and in different parts of Britain.
Another reason is that, thanks to modern medicine and higher living standards, people live longer now. This means that after retirement, people have quite a few years of leisure left. Nowadays a much higher proportion of the population is over sixty, but in this group there are more women than men.
Finally, fewer babies are born each year and the average family in Britain has two children. This is one result of changing social attitudes. For example, many more married women now go out to work. The money they earn influences their leisure time. Even married women who do not go out to work have more time for interesting hobbies because most British homes have washing machines, vacuum cleaners and other labor-saving gadgets.
The best title of this passage can be ____.
A. Time for relax
B. Time for refreshment
C. British working hour
D. British family
“A paid holiday” (in Para. 2) means working people ____.
A. have to pay for their holiday
B. have no pay when they are on holiday
C. get usual pay when they are on holiday
D. get less pay when they are on holiday
Among the old people, there are ____.
A. as many men as women
B. more women than men
C. more men than women
D. many more women than men
In Britain, married women have more leisure hours because they have ____.
A. work with a good pay
B. a lot of time
C. washing-machines and vacuum cleaners
D. fewer children and more labor-saving gadgets
Which of the following ideas is NOT suggested in the passage?
A. Some married women have more time of reading.
B. Some married women have interesting hobbies.
C. Some married women now go out to work.
D. Some married women still stay at home.
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