It has meant that in the first place the amount of benefits must be small lest peop

Understanding this transition requires a look at the two- sided connection between energy and human well-being. Energy contributes positively to well-being by providing such consumer services as heating and lighting as well as serving as a necessary input to economic production. But the costs of energy—including not only the money and other resources devoted to obtaining and exploiting it, but also environmental and sociopolitical impacts—detract from well-being.

For most of human history, the dominant concerns about energy have centered on the benefitside of the energy-well-being equation. Inadequacy of energy resources or more often of the technologies and organizations for harvesting, converting,and distributing those resources has meant insufficient energy benefits and hence inconvenience,deprivation and constraints on growth. The 1970's, then, represented a turning point. After decades of constancy or decline in monetary costs—and of relegation of environmental and sociopolitical costs to secondary status—energy was seen to be getting costlier in all respects. It began to be probable that excessive energy costs could pose threats on insufficient supply. It also became possible to think that expanding some forms of energy supply could create costs exceeding the benefits.

To begin with, background music was intended simply to create a soothing (舒适的) atmosphere. Recently, however, it's becoming a big business. An American marketing expert has shown that music can boost(提升) sales or increase factory production by as much as a third.

But it has to be the light music. Lively music has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts(收入) by 34%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they would like to buy. Yet, slow music isn't always the answer. The expert found that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurant owners might be well advised to play faster music to keep the customers moving-unless, of course, the resulting indigestion(消化不良) leads to complaints.

201.Background music was first used（）.

A.in the cinemas and theatres in the USA

B.in the offices and hospitals in the USA

C.in the schools and churches in the USA

D.in the factories, shops and restaurants in the USA

202.An American marketing expert has found background music can（）.

A.increase sales or factory production

B.create a soothing atmosphere

C.make people slow down

D.make people forget their worries

203.（） has no effect on sales.

A.light music

B.slow music

C.lively music

D.none of the above

204.Slow music is useless in（） in increasing sales.

A.shops

B.restaurants

C.factories

D.cinemas

205.Restaurant owners are advised to play（） to increase overall sales.

A.lively music

B.loud music

C.slower music

D.faster music