题目
Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage ____________.
A、annually
B、relatively
C、actually
D、comparatively
第1题
A.speculate
B.evacuate
C.anticipate
D.manifest
第2题
Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage ________.
A) relatively B) actually C) annually D) comparatively
第3题
When there is a heavy rain, trees can help to prevent floods, as they can ______
A. keep rain from falling down to soft ground
B. cause the soil to allow rainwater to sink in
C. make the topsoil stick together
D. prevent the soil from being washed away
第4题
A.like B.in C.around D.to E.toward
When it comes _____1 gravity,the larger an object is,the stronger its force is.A person creates gravity but not enough to pull objects ____2 him or cause things to go into orbit ___3 him.On the other hand,a planet has enough gravity to pull objects into orbit around it.A star makes enough gravity that it can pull whole solar systems into its orbit,____4 ours.Our sun's gravity is so strong that it keeps an object-Pluto-that is roughly 3.7 billion miles away____5 orbit.
第5题
The Smokey Bear(护林熊) fire prevention program has resulted in a savings of $20 billion on all federal(联邦的), state and private forested land(私有林地). In 1941, 208,000 forest fires burned 30 million acres, while in 1981, fewer than 165,000 fires burned about three million acres. While forest usage has increased, the proportion(比例) of human-caused fires has remained stable; people still cause nine out of ten forest fires. But the biggest cause of fires is arson(纵火), accounting for(引起) 34 percent of forest fires in 1981.
1. According to the passage, use of forested land has ____.
A、stabilized
B、been privatized
C、decreased
D、risen
2. According to the passage, in 1941 forest fires burned ____.
A、less acres than in 1981
B、3 million acres
C、ten times as many acres as in 1981
D、20 million acres more than in 1981
3. According to the passage, the number of human-caused fires ____.
A、has remained the same proportionately
B、has increased
C、is the same as the arson cases
D、accounts for 34 per cent of forest fires
4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A、Nine out of ten fires are caused by arsonists.
B、The Smokey Bear program has saved the nation a lot of money.
C、There are more forest fires now than before.
D、People do not use the forests as much as they did in the past.
5. It may be inferred from the passage that ____.
A、the majority of fires are caused by humans
B、arson is increasing every year
C、more acres are destroyed by fire each year
D、fewer people are using the forests
第6题
The Grand Prairie Area Demonstration Project seemed, at first, a fine idea. The Grand Prairie is the fourth-largest rice-bowl in the world, with 363,000 acres under paddies. But it is running out of water, with farmers driving wells deeper and deeper into the underlying aquifer. The new project, dreamed up around a decade ago, would tap excess water from the White river when it floods and pumps it, at the rate of about one billion gallons a day, to storage tanks on around 1000 rice farms.
Unfortunately, it would also divert water from the region's huge, swampy wildlife refuges, home to black bears and alligators and the pallid sturgeon. Tiny swamp towns like Clarendon and Brinkley, which are heavily black and almost destitute, rely on nature tourism for the little economic activity they have. In Brinkley, the barber offers an "ivorybill" haircut that makes you look like one.
The project has some powerful local backers. They include Blanche Lincoln, the state's senior senator, who grew up on a rice farm in Helena, and Dale Bumpers, a former four-term senator and governor of Arkansas. Mr. Bumpers, long an icon of the environmental movement and prominent in the efforts to establish the refuges, now believes the water project is important for national security in food and trade, and that it will not damage the forests he has worked to protect.
Opponents worry that the project, apart from its environmental risks, will overwhelm the innovative water conservation methods that rice-farmers are already using, and give the biggest water users an unfair advantage. They also object that it means using subsidised pumps to provide subsidised water for a crop that doesn't pay. Rice is one of the most heavily assisted crops in America; rice payments cost taxpayers almost $10 billion between 1995 and 2004, and rich farmers round Stuttgart in Arkansas County (an efficient and politically shrewd group) took in $21.2m in subsidies in 2004 alone.
It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ______.
A.an ivory-billed woodpecker was shot by a lone kayaker two years ago.
B.the ivory-billed woodpecker was accustomed to living among cypress trees.
C.the irrigation project is probably broken off by the ivory-billed woodpecker.
D.the appearance of the ivory-billed woodpecker may make the irrigation project terminated.
第7题
Scientists in California and Virginia will try to decode
genetic makeup of two plant-destroying microbes, including 【M1】______
one blaming for killing tens of thousands of oak trees along the 【M2】______
West Coast.
Backed by $4 million in federal grants, the scientists hope
to sequence the genomes of the two species of Phytophthora.
The most notorious of the pair is P. ramorum, that causes sudden【M3】______
oak death syndrome.
With the genomes in hand, scientists expect to develop
the mean to track, detect and, eventually, treat both diseases.【M4】______
P. ramorum has killed tens of thousands of black oak,
coast live oak and tan oak trees in northern California and
southern Oregon as it first appeared in 1995. This year, 【M5】______
scientists invented coast redwoods and Douglas fir also 【M6】______
are susceptible, as is at least 14 other plant species. 【M7】______
At the same time, scientists at the Walnut Creek laboratory
and at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute in Blacksburg will
sequence the genome of P. sojae, a related microbe
responsible soy rot, which is estimated to cause $1 billion in 【M8】______
damages to soy Bean crops worldwide. Both sequences will be
free available on the Internet once completed. 【M9】______
The two species of funguslike organisms are closely
related to algae. Among their relatives is P. infestans, the microbe
responsible for the failure of potato crops in Ireland in the
19th century and the resulting famine. The name
Phytophthora means "plant devourer" in Greece. 【M10】______
【M1】
第8题
An estimated 30 percent of outdoor lighting—plus even some indoor lighting—is wasted. Inefficient lighting costs U. S. about $10. 4 billion a year, according to Bob Gent of the International Dark-Sky Association, a nonprofit that aims to control light pollution.
Last year in Sydney, an estimated 2. 2 million Australians switched off their lights during “Earth Hour”, briefly reducing that city’s energy use by more than 10 percent. Motivated by such trends, more than two dozen cities worldwide went dim on March 29 this year in an hour-long demonstration.
A number of groups are trying to measure light pollution and assess its effects on the environment in the hope that people will reduce their own contribution to the problem. Scientists are trying to report how many stars we can see. In dark rural areas, about 2, 000 stars are typically visible at night, compared with“maybe five”in a bright city square—and about 5, 000 in centuries past.
People who are working while others are star-gazing may face the greatest risks. Nighttime exposure to white light can cause the growth of tumors (肿瘤) , experiments show. Two decades of research indicate that women who work night shifts have unusually high rates of breast cancer.
The word“drawbacks”in the first paragraph probably means_______.
A.benefits
B.interests
C.effects
D.problems
第9题
The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas. One such area covers the Pacific Ocean and its bordering landmasses. The other extends from the East Indians to the Atlas Mountains, including the Himalayas, Iran, Turkey, and the Alpine regions. It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place; they may, however, happen anywhere at any time.
This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake forecast may be possible. By analyzing changes in animal behavior, patterns of movements in the earth‟s shell, variations in the earth‟s force of attraction, and the frequency with which minor earth shakes are observed, scientists have shown increasing success in expecting when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen) the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.
It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their destructiveness altogether, but as how and why earthquakes happen become better
understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their possible damage before they occur.
1.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Earthquake destruction is declining
B. Earthquake forecast is improving
C. Man is no longer fearful of earthquakes.
D. Man is capable of conquering earthquakes
2.We can infer from the passage that quakes __________.
A. may happen anywhere at any time
B. mostly strike in oceans and mountains
C. are unobservable in masses of land
D. are hardly the direct cause of fatalities
3.The phrase “this element of the unknown” (Paragraph 3) refers to ___________.
A. the extension of earthquake zones
B. the percentage of earthquake occurrences
C. when and where earthquakes may occur
D. what big damage earthquakes may cause
4.Man‟s research on earthquake forecast at present is to ____________.
A. reduce the loss from earthquake disasters
B. lower the frequency of earthquakes
C. release the energy that causes earthquakes
D. analyze the relationship between different earthquakes
5. Which of the following describes the author‟s purpose in writing the passage?
A. Inform. the reader
B. Entertain the reader
C. Disprove a concept
D. Question a concept
第10题
The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.
But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left—all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the stoops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Gzechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.
Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-ahead to the even more wrong-headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.
Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts, Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.
The third sentence of Paragraph 1 implies that ______.
A.people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality
B.the blind could be happier than the sighted
C.over-excited people tend to neglect vital things
D.fascination makes people lose their eyesight
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