Since（) were used in the cargo, a Phytosanitary Certificate should be provided. A．wooden packages

False teeth have been found in Italy in human heads that are over 2,500 years old. They were made of bone and set in gold. However，for hundreds of years afterwards，the apparent dental skill of those early people was lost. Without false teeth people looked old before their time，since so many lost their teeth at an early age.

Toward the end of the 17th century，rich people could buy false teeth made from ivory. The teeth were tied together with silk thread，but it was difficult to keep them in the mouth. That was why rich people would rather buy teeth from the poor who would often sell their teeth to buy food and clothing.

Early in the 18th century a French doctor used steel springs to hold teeth in place. However，it was difficult to close one‘s mouth! Late in the same century porcelain (瓷)teeth set in gold were often used to make false teeth.

Although the use of artificial teeth increased，human teeth continued to be used also. In the 19th century，teeth from soldiers killed in battle were made into artificial teeth. For example，teeth from the dead in the American Civil War were sent to England.

By the middle of the 19th century，an American doctor，Claudius Ash，invented a better kind of porcelain tooth made of a special kind of hard rubber.

26.When did people with the earliest false teeth live according to the passage？

[A] At the end of the 17th century.

[B] In the early 18th century.

[C] In the middle of the 19th century.

[D] Over 2,500 years ago.

27.Which material would wealthy people use to make artificial teeth in 1693？

[A] Porcelain.

[B] Hard rubber.

[C] Ivory.

[D] Bone.

28.Who first used steel springs to tie false teeth together according to the passage？

[A] An Italian doctor.

[B] A French doctor.

[C] An American doctor.

[D] An English doctor.

29.We can learn from the passage that ___________.

[A] one looked older than his real age with artificial teeth

[B] we are using the same method as ancient people in making false teeth

[C] poor people would often sell their teeth to get money in the 17th century

[D] human teeth were no longer used in making false teeth after the 18th century

30.The passage is mainly about ___________.

[A] the discovery of false teeth

[B] the material of false teeth

[C] the use of false teeth

[D] the history of false teeth Passage Three

听力原文： One winter day in 1891, a class at the training school in Massachusetts, USA, went into the gym for their daily exercises. Since the football season had ended, most of the young man felt they were in for a boring time. But their teacher James Nasmyth had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on a new game that would have the excitement of American football. Nasmyth showed the men a basket he had hung at each end of the gym and explained that they were going to use around European football At first, everybody try to throw ball into the basket no matter where he was standing .Pass ! Pass! Nasmyth kept shouting, blowing his whistle to stop the excited players. Slowly, they began to understand what was wanted of them. The problem with the new game, which was soon called basketball, was getting the ball out of the basket. They used ordinary fruit baskets with bottoms, and the ball, of course, stayed inside. At first, someone had to clime up every time a basket was scored. It was several years before someone came up with the idea of removing the bottom of the basket and letting the ball fall through. There have been many changes in the rules since then and basketball has become one of the world's most popular sports.

(30)

A．He took them to watch a basketball game.

B．He trained them to play European football.

C．He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket.

D．He taught them to play an exciting new game.

the gym for their daily exercises. Since the football season had ended, most of young men felt they were in for a boring time. But their teacher, James Naismith, had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on the new game that would have the excitement of American football. Naismith showed the men a basket he had hung at each end of the gym, and explained that they were going to use a round European football. At first everybody tried to throw the ball into the basket no matter where he was standing. “Pass! Pass!” Naismith kept shouting, blowing his whistle to stop the excited players. Slowly, they began to understand what was wanted of them. The problem with the new game, which was soon called “basketball”, was getting the ball out of the basket. They used ordinary baskets, with bottoms, and the ball, of course, stayed inside. At first, someone had to climb up every time when a basket was scored. It was several years before someone came up with the idea of removing the bottom of the basket and letting the ball fall through. There have been many changes in the rules since then, and basketball had become one of the world’s most popular sports.

1、 When did the story happen？

AIn spring

BIn summer

CIn fall

DIn winter

2、 What did Naismith do to entertain his students one day？

AHe taught them to play an exciting new game

BHe took them to watch a basketball game

CHe trained them to play European football

DHe let them compete in getting balls out of a basket

3、 According to the write, what was the problem with the new game？

AThe players had difficulty understanding the complex rules

BThe players found the basket too high to reach

CThe players soon found the game boring

DThe players had trouble getting the ball out of the basket

4、 How was the problem with the new game solved？

ABy alerting the size of the basket

BBy simplifying the complex rules

CBy removing the bottom of the basket

DBy lowering the position of the basket

5、 Which kind of ball was used in basketball games at first？

AVolleyball

BSoftball

CAmerican football

DBritish football

阅读以下文章，选择最佳答案填空。

Since the terrorist attacks on the United States in September, Americans have given millions of dollars to help thousands of victims and their families. A lot of that money was given to the American Red Cross.

The American Red Cross collected more than five-hundred-million dollars for this purpose in 1______ it called the Liberty Fund. Recently, Red Cross officials admitted that they 2______ the families all the money that was collected. They said the Liberty Fund was created to help the victims of the September attacks, and also to help victims of future attacks. The officials said they regretted that the American public did not understand this.

Last week, Red Cross officials announced a major change in policy. They said all the money 3______ to the Liberty Fund would be used only to help the victims of the September Eleventh attacks and their families. The money will help families 4______ costs of daily living such as housing and food for up to one year.

Immediately after the terrorist attacks, the Red Cross 5______ money for three months of living costs to more than two-thousand families of people who were killed. Red Cross officials say the organization also provided support to about twenty-three-thousand other families who were affected by the terrorist attacks. These included rescue workers and people who could not go back to their homes near the World Trade Center in New York City. Business people who lost their workplaces also 6______ help.

However, the Red Cross planned to use about half the money given to the Liberty Fund for future programs. It wanted the money to increase blood supplies, improve communications and expand services for families of people 7______ in the military forces. Individuals who had given money to the Liberty Fund reacted strongly to this news. They expected their money to be used immediately to help victims of the attacks. Red Cross officials now say the Liberty Fund will be repaid for any money already 8______ for other projects.

The American Red Cross has been active for more than one hundred years. Its policy has been to 9______ some of the money given after a tragedy to prepare for future emergencies Officials say the organization's appeals are supposed to tell people that the money will be used to help victims of the current emergency or similar ones. They have promised to investigate to see if the message is clear enough to the people who give their money.

Red Cross officials say any relief organization needs to build up an amount of money to help victims of smaller emergencies. The American Red Cross says it 10______ aid services in about sixty-thousand emergency situations each year such as fires, floods, storms and accidents.

1.A、Which B、What C、/ D、that

2.A、should not give B、would not give C、did not give D、were not giving

3.A、that gave B、given C、was given D、gave

4.A、pay B、pay with C、pay at D、pay for

5.A、provided B、produced C、promised D、prepared

6.A、recieved B、accepted C、collected D、gathered

7.A、fighting B、working C、serving D、engaging

8.A、given B、carmarked C、delivered D、used

9.A、keep B、save C、put D、store

10.A、prepared B、provides C、gets D、given

Although stage plays have been set to music since the era(年代) of the ancient Greeks when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres(里拉琴) and flutes, the usually accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat(贵族) Maria de Medici, the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the first opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians called the Camerata began to revive(复兴) the style. of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy.

1. This passage is a summary of ____.

A、opera in Italy

B、the Camerata

C、the development of opera

D、 Euridice.

2. According to the author, Jacopo Peri wrote ____.

A、Greek tragedy

B、the first opera

C、the opera Maria de Medici

D、the opera The Camerata

3. We can infer that the Camerata ____.

A、was a group of Greek musicians

B、developed a new musical drama based upon Greek drama

C、was not known in Italy

D、was the name given to the court of King Henry IV

4. The author suggests that Euridice was produced ____.

A、in France

B、originally by Sophocles and Aeschylus

C、without much success

D、for the wedding of King Henry IV

5. According to this passage, modern opera began in the ____.

A、time of the ancient Greeks

B、fifteenth century

C、sixteenth century

D、seventeenth century

s or services". Advertisement aims to increase people's awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform. and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.

There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement.

We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid for by the producer or by the customer. (19) Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertisement. However, if large scale advertisement leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less.

It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales. When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.

Advertisement is often used to______.

A．deceive customers

B．increase production

C．arouse suspicion

D．push the sale

Mrs Sharp, a large, red-faced woman in her late sixties, has lived in Greenleas, a 'new town' in the countryside outside London, since 1958. Before that she lived in Bethnal Green, an area of inner London. She was moved to Greenleas by the local authorities when her old house was demolished (拆除).

She came from a large family with six girls and two boys, and she grew up among brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, grandparents and cousins. When she married her boyfriend from school at eighteen, they went on living with her parents, and her first child was brought up more by her mother than by herself, because she always worked.

As the family grew, they moved out of their parents' house to a flat. It was in the next street, and their life was still that of the extended family. "All my family used to live around Denby Street," said Mrs Sharp, "and we were always in and out of each other's houses." When she went to the shops, she used to call in on her mother to see if she wanted anything. Every day she would visit one sister or another and see a nephew or niece at the corner shop or in the market.

"You always knew 90% of the people you saw in the street every day, either they were related to you or you were at school with them," she said.

When her babies were born (she had two sons and a daughter), she said, "All my sisters and neighbours would help - they used to come and make a cup of tea, or help in some other way." And every Saturday night there was a family party. It was at Mrs Sharp's mother's house. "Of course we all know each other very well. You have to learn to get on with each other. I had one neighbour who was always poking(管闲事) her nose into our business. She was forever asking questions and gossiping (拨弄是非). But you had to put up with everyone, whatever they were like."

1)、Mrs. Sharp had to move to Greenleas because she had to work there.

A.T

B.F

2)、When she got married, she lived together with her parents all the time.

A.T

B.F

3)、She knew so many people because they were either her relatives or schoolmates.

A.T

B.F

4)、The sentence "I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business." in the last Para. means I had one neighbour who always showed her interests in our private affairs.

A.T

B.F

5)、This passage mainly deals with what the extended family is like.

A.T

B.F

r services". Advertisement aims to increase people's awareness and arouse interest. It tries to inform. and to persuade. The media are all used to spread the message. The press offers a fairly cheap method, and magazines are used to reach special sections of the market. The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market. Television, although more expensive, can be very effective. Public notices are fairly cheap and more permanent in their power of attraction. Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.

There can be no doubt that the growth in advertisement is one of the most striking features of the western world in this century. Many businesses such as those handling frozen foods, liquor, tobacco and medicines have been built up largely by advertisement.

We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid by the producer or by the customer. Since advertisement forms part of the cost of production, which has to be covered by the selling price, it is clear that it is the customer who pays for advertisement. However, if large scale advertisement leads to increased demand, production costs are reduced, and the customer pays less.

It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales. When the market is growing, advertisement helps to increase demand. When the market is shrinking, advertisement may prevent a bigger fall in sales than would occur without its support. What is clear is that businesses would not pay large sums for advertisement if they were not convinced of its value to them.

Advertisement is often used to ______.

A．deceive customers

B．increase production

C．arouse suspicion

D．push the sale

ly the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.

A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were declining.

In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found ingasoline from the United States.

In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.

Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.

The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.

Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.

The study published in the journal Nature indicates that

A．the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired results.

B．lead deposits in arctic snow on the increase.

C．lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expected.

D．the U.S. is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow.