The period of Stone Age is during 2000－－250BC.（)

h more or less plausible speculations. We do not even know for certain when language arose, but it seems likely that it goes back to the earliest history of man, perhaps haft a million years ago. We have no direct evidence, but it seems probable that it took the earliest forms of human cooperation. In the Ice Ages of the Pleistocene(更新世) period, our earliest human ancestors established the Old Stone Age culture; they made stone tools and, later, tools of bone, ivory, and antler; they made fire and cooked their food; they hunted big game, often by methods that called for considerable cooperation and coordination. As their material culture gradually developed, they became artists and drew pebbles as well as wonderful paintings of animals on the walls of caves. It is difficult to believe that the makers of these Paleolithic(旧石器时代的) cultures lacked the power of speech. It is a long step, admittedly, from other earliest flint weapons to the splendid spear of the late Stone Age: the first crude flints date back perhaps to 500,000 B.C., while the finest achievements of Old Stone Age man are later than 100,000 B. C.; and in this period we can envisage a corresponding development of language, from the most primitive and limited language of the earliest human groups to a fully developed language in the flowering time of Old .Stone Age culture.

How did language arise in the first place？ There are many theories about this, based on various types of indirect evidence, such as the language of children, the language of primitive societies, the kinds of changes

that have taken place in language in the course of recorded history, the behavior. of higher animals like chimpanzees, and the behavior. of people suffering from speech defects. These types of evidence may provide us with pointers, but they all suffer from limitations.

When we consider the language of children, we haw to remember that their situations are quite different from those of our earliest human ancestors because the child, growing up in an environment where there is al- ready a fully developed language, is surrounded by adults who use that language and are teaching it to him. For example, it has been shown that the earliest words used by children are mainly the names of things and people ("doll," "spoon," "Mummy"), but this fact does not prove that the earliest words of primitive man were also the names of things and people. When the child learns the name of an object, he may then use it to express his wishes or demands.

"Doll!" often means,. "Give me my doll!" or "I've dropped my doll. Pick it up for me!" The child is us- ing language to get things done, and it is almost an accident of adult teaching that the words used to formulate the child's demands are mainly nouns instead of words like "Bring!" "Pick Up!" and so on.

Theories of the origin of language include all of the following EXCEPT______.

A．communication among primitive men

B．the need to communicate

C．the language of children

D．the first man's extensive vocabulary

Prehistoric people are human beings who lived before writing was invented about 5,500 years ago. Writing 26 people to record information they wished to save,27 descriptions of events in their lives.28 this way, the invention of writing marked the beginning of history. The period before human beings learned to write is called prehistory.

Scientists first discovered evidence of prehistoric people in the mid-1800’s .Most of this evidence 29 ancient, sharp-edged stone tools and fossilized (已变成化石的)bones of prehistoric people.

30 scientists collected more fossils of prehistoric people, they began to form. a clearer 31 of what these early people looked like. For example, scientists learned that early human beings had smaller brains than most modern men and women have. This evidence indicated 32 humans had evolved-that is, modified their physical structure over time. Scientists developed a set of ideas about human origins 33 the theory of human evolution. This theory states that as the 34 of the prehistoric world changed, our prehistoric ancestors went 35 a series of changes that resulted in the first human beings. They, 36 , evolved into modern human beings.

Evidence of prehistoric people is 37 and difficult to find. Scientists must 38 their theory on this extremely limited evidence. As a result, scientists cannot 39 present a detailed picture of early human life. 40, new discoveries sometimes disprove theories that scientists already hold.

26.A.permitted B.admitted C.enabled D.let

27.A.included B.include C.to include D.including

28.A.In B.By C.With D.For

29.A.made up of B.consisted of C.made up with D.consisted in

30.A.Since B.Now that C.As D.Even though

31.A.structure B.picture C.impression D.shape

32.A.where B.why C.when D.how

33.A.called B.calling C.meant D.meaning

34.A.atmosphere B.circumstance C.situation D.environment

35.A.over B.across C.through D.after

36.A.after all B.for sure C.without exception D.in turn

37.A.rare B.clear C.helpful D.changeable

38.A.consider B.base C.solve D.explain

39.A.still B.however C.yet D.anyway

40.A.In addition B.On the contrary C.In practice D.On the whole

A.a stone old fine

B.an old stone fine

C.an old fine stone

D.a fine old stone

A.stone

B.stones

C.a stone

D.some stones

A.So and huge the stone is

B.So is the huge stone

C.So huge the stone is

D.So huge is the stone

They found the ______bridge when they went across the village.

A. old stone Chinese

B. Chinese old stone

C. old Chinese stone

D. Chinese stone old

A.喜欢

B.石头

C.宣传

D.电话

A.A.(Stone 15)

B.B.(Stone, 2014, p. 15) is an example of MLA Citation

A.old stone chinese

B.old chinese stone

C.chinese old stone

A.beautiful white stone

B.white beautiful stone

C.beautiful stone white

D.white stone beautiful