inflation（）

A.信息

B.通货膨胀

C.通知

D.影响，势力

The chapter's discussion of“Inflation Bias and Other Problems of Policy Formulation” suggests (paragraph 4) that there may not really be any such thing as a permanent fiscal expansion. What do you think？ How would these considerations affect the exchange rate and output effects of fiscal policy？ Do you see any parallels with the chapter's discussion of the longer-run impact of current account imbalances？

A．当期失业率如何影响他们的谈判能力

B．现在的工资谈判对未来通货膨胀率有什么重要性

C．如果工会能够使未来名义工资大幅度提高，政府应采取何种政策保持充分就业以什么为代价 Assume that this year many unions are negotiating new contracts． A．How does the current unemployment rate affect their negotiating power

B．What is the importance of current wag

E．negotiations for future inflation

C．If unions are able to obtain high mises in future nominal wages，what policies can the govemment implement t0 keep full employmentAt what cost

假定经济的菲利普斯曲线是：π=π_-1-0.5(u-uⁿ)，而且自然失业率是由过去两年失业的平均数给出的：uⁿ=0.5(u_-1+u_-2)。

a．为什么自然失业率会取决于最近的失业(正如在上式中所假设的)？

b．假设美联储遵循永久性地降低通货膨胀1%的政策。这种政策对一段时期中的失业率有什么影响？

c．这个经济中的牺牲率是多少？请解释。

d．这些方程式对通货膨胀与失业之间的短期和长期取舍关系意味着什么？

Suppose that an economy has the Phillips curve π=π_-1-0.5(u-uⁿ), and that the natural rate of unemployment is given by an average of the past two years'unemployment: uⁿ=0.5(u_-1+u_-2).

a．Why might the natural rate of unemployment depend on recent unemployment (as is assumed in the preceding equation)？

b．Suppose that the Fed follows a policy to reduce permanently the inflation rate by 1 percentage point. What effect that policy will have on the unemployment rate over time？

c．What is the sacrifice ratio in this economy？ Explain.

d．What do these equations imply about the short-run and long-run tradeoffs between inflation and unemployment？

A.from

B.by

C./

A.The Russian inflation

B.caused

C.poverty

D.and so on

A.did

B.do

C.does

D.would do

Inflation _____ the buying power of the dollar.

A: leads

B: affects

C: influences

D: effects

A.通货膨胀

B.经济萎缩

C.和解

D.联合经济