We may fail to see how a objective Deity could wish us to draw such conclusions from the hierarchical order He has created.()

A.objective

B.benevolent

C.sentiment

D.scruple

A.oversee

B.look over

C.forgive

D.fail to see

others fail, often with great losses7 The answer is not simple, and certainly we cannot say that "good" products succeed while "bad" products fail. Many products that function well and seem to meet consumer needs have fallen by the wayside. Sometimes, virtually identical products exist in the market at the same time with one emerging as profitable while the other fails. Mc. Neal Laboratories' Tylenol has become successful as an aspirin substitute, yet Bristol Meyers entered the test market at about the same time with Neotrend, also a substitute for aspirin which quickly failed.

The nature of the product is a factor in its success or failure, but the important point is that they should aim at meeting the customer's need, and the introductory promotion should seek to communicate that need satisfying quality and motivate the customer to try the product. Often, attitude change is involved, and, in the extreme, changes in life style. may be sought.

Here the company walks a tightrope. A new product is more likely to be successful if it represents a truly novel way of solving a customer problem, but this very newness, if carried too far, may ask the customer to learn new behavior. patterns. The customer will make the change if the perceived benefit is sufficient, but inertia is strong and consumers will often not go to the effort that is required. During the late sixties and early seventies Bristol Meyers met with new product failures that exemplify both of these problems. In 1967 and 1968 the company entered the market with a $ 5 million advertising campaign for fact toothpaste, and an $11 million campaign to promote resolve. Both products failed quickly, not be cause they didn't work or because there was no consumer need, but apparently because consumers just could see no reason to shift from an already satisfactory product to a different one that promised no new benefit.

The first sentence of the first paragraph is a question, to which the answer is______

A．that the good products succeed while the bad fail

B．that the "good" are not really good but the "bad" are actually bad

C．that new products will succeed if they function well and fail if they don't

D．not given in the paragraph

ity on Earth. In terms of man's brief life it appears permanent and unchanging, save for the seasonal growth and fail of the leaves, but to forester it represents the climax of a long succession of events.

No wooded landscape we see today has been forest for all time. Plants have minimum requirements of temperature and moisture and, in ages past, virtually every part of Earth's surface has at some time been either too dry or too cold for plants to survive. However, as soon as climatic conditions change in favor of plant life, a fascinating sequence of changes occurs, called a primary succession.

First to colonize the barren land are the lowly lichens, surviving on bare rock. Slowly, the acids produced by these organisms crack the rock surface, plant debris accumulates, and mosses establish a shallow root-hold. Ferns may follow and, with short grasses and shrubs, gradually form. a covering of plant life. Roots probe even deeper into the developing soil and eventually large shrubs give way to the first trees. These grow rapidly, cutting off sunlight from the smaller plants, and soon establish complete domination-closing their ranks and forming a climax community which may endure for thousands of years.

Yet even this community is not everlasting. Fire may destroy it outright and settlers may cut it down to gain land for pasture or cultivation. If the land is then abandoned, a secondary succession will take over, developing much faster on the more hospitable soil. Shrubs and trees are among the early invaders, their seeds carried by the wind, by birds and lodged in the coats of mammals.

For as long as it stands and thrives, the forest is a vast machine, storing energy and many elements essential for life.

What does the forest strike mankind as permanent？

A．The trees are in community.

B．The forest is renewed each season.

C．Man's life is short in comparison.

D．It is an essential part our lives.

_.

A．need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts

B．are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts

C．are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts

D．tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"