Innovation requires allowing people to make mistakes However, being wrong too many ti

A.Assumes that an incumbent player, thanks to its incremental innovation capability, will be able to keep potential newcomers out of the market

B.Requires a strict collaboration between incumbents and newcomers to develop radical innovations

C.Is inherently linked to the role of the technological evolution and to its business impacts

D.None of the above

E.I don't

Have you noticed the courage buried in the word encourage？ To create a culture in which innovation flourishes takes courage. Determined innovators are always courageous enough to establish a culture in which innovation is greatly encouraged and rewarded. Here are three ways to do that.

Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message. Think of innovation strategy as a pyramid: big bets at the top, a few projects in development in the middle, and a broad base of continuous improvements, lasting contributions, and early-stage new ideas at the bottom.

Define jobs around innovation. Make it a job prerequisite. Consider 3M’s move to become one of the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosing. Now many high-tech companies know that they can’t get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibility. And some of those self-selected, self-organized projects might even result in a blockbuster product or line of business. For 3M, it was the Post-it note.

Recognize innovation in every part of the company. To build a culture of creativity and innovation, Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new concepts. It shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation.

To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaboration. When people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again.

What is necessary in creating innovation culture__1__？

A.communication

B.courage

C.immitation

How does 3M create its innovation culture__2__？

A.Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message.

B.define jobs around innovation.

C.Recognize innovation in every part of the company.

The word prerequisite in “Make it a job prerequisite” means __3__.

A.required as a prior condition

B.going after

C.prior to request

How does Gillette create its innovation culture__4__？

A.Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message.

B.define jobs around innovation.

C.Recognize innovation in every part of the company.

The formation from idea to innovation needs __5__.

A.discussion and revise

B.failure and courage

C.support and cooperation

Have you noticed the courage buried in the word encourage？ To create a culture in which innovation flourishes takes courage. Determined innovators are always courageous enough to establish a culture in which innovation is greatly encouraged and rewarded. Here are three ways to do that.

Put innovation at the heart of strategy,and persist it in every message. Think of innovation strategy as a pyramid: big bets at the top,a few projects in development in the middle,and a broad base of continuous improvements,lasting contributions,and early-stage new ideas at the bottom.

Define jobs around innovation.Make it a job prerequisite.Consider 3M's move to become one of the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosing. Now many high-tech companies know that they can't get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibility. And some of those self-selected,self-organized projects might even result in a blockbuster（风靡一时的事物）product or line of business. For 3M, it was the Post-it note.

Recognize innovation in every part of the company. To build a culture of creativity and innovation, Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new concepts. It shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation.

To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaboration. When people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try,fail,redo,and try again.

1.What is necessary in creating innovation culture？ ()

A.communication

B.courage

C.imitation

2.How does 3M create its innovation culture？ ()

A.Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message.

B.Define jobs around innovation.

C.Recognize innovation in every part of the company.

3.The word prerequisite in"Make it a job prerequisite"means ().

A.required as a prior condition

B.going after

C.prior to request

4.The formation from idea to innovation needs ().

A.discussion and revision

B.failure and courage

C.support and cooperation

5.Which is NOT mentioned in the creation of innovation？ ()

A.Put innovation in the extremely key place of the strategy.

B.Develop innovation in every part of the company.

C.Put innovation into effect.

阅读理解

HOW DO YOU CREATE A CULTURE OF INNOVATION？

Have you noticed the courage buried in the word encourage？ To create a culture in which innovation flourishes takes courage. Determined innovators are always courageous enough to establish a culture in which innovation is greatly encouraged and rewarded. Here are three ways to do that.

Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message. Think of innovation strategy as a pyramid: big bets at the top, a few projects in development in the middle, and a broad base of continuous improvements, lasting contributions, and early-stage new ideas at the bottom.

Define jobs around innovation. Make it a job prerequisite. Consider 3M’s move to become one of the first companies to tell professionals that they could spend 15 percent of their time on projects of their own choosing. Now many high-tech companies know that they can’t get the best talent without providing this kind of flexibility. And some of those self-selected, self-organized projects might even result in a blockbuster product or line of business. For 3M, it was the Post-it note.

Recognize innovation in every part of the company. To build a culture of creativity and innovation, Gillette developed an innovation fair in which every unit could show off its most promising new concepts. It shows that everyone has a role to play in a culture of innovation.

To go from idea to successful innovation requires a great deal of support and collaboration. When people are surrounded by constant communication and encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again.

操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。

1. What is necessary in creating innovation culture？{A; B; C}

A.communication

B.courage

C.immitation

2. How does 3M create its innovation culture？{A; B; C}

A. Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message.

B. define jobs around innovation.

C. Recognize innovation in every part of the company.

3. The word prerequisite in “Make it a job prerequisite” means {A; B; C}.

A. required as a prior condition

B. going after

C. prior to request

4. How does Gillette create its innovation culture？{A; B; C}

A. Put innovation at the heart of strategy, and persist it in every message.

B. define jobs around innovation.

C. Recognize innovation in every part of the company.

5. The formation from idea to innovation needs {A; B; C}.

A. discussion and revise

B. failure and courage

C. support and cooperation

Text 3

The full influence of mechanization began shortly after 1850, when a variety of machines came rapidly into use. The introduction of these machines frequently created rebellions by workers who were fearful that the machines would rob them of their work. Patrick Bell, in Scotland, and Cyrus McCormick, in United States, produced threshing machines. Improve- meats were made in plows to compensate for different soil types. Stream power came into use in 1860s on large farms. Hay rakes, hay-loaders, and various special harvesting machines were produced, Milking machines appeared. The internal-combustion engine run by gasoline became the chief power source for the farm.

In time, the number of certain farm machines that came into use skyrocketed and changed the nature of fanning. Be-tween 1940 and 1960, for example, 12 million horses and mules gave way to 5 million tractors. Tractors offer many. features that are attractive to farmers. There are, for example, numerous attachments: cultivators that can penetrate the s0il to varying depths, rotary hoes that chop weeds; spray devices that can spray pesticides in bands 100 feet across, and many others.

A piece of equipment has now been invented or adapted for virtually every laborious hand or animal operation On the farm. lathe United States, for example, cotton, tobacco, hay, and grain are planted, treated for pests and diseases, fertilized, cultivated and harvested by machine. Large devices shake fruit and nut from trees, gain and blend feed, and dry gain and hay. Equipment is now available to put just the right amount of fertilizer in just the right place, to spray an exact row width, and to count out, Space, and plant just the right number of seeds for a row.

Mechanization is not used in agriculture in many parts of Latin America, Africa, Agriculture innovation is accepted fastest where agriculture is already profitable and progressive. Some mechanization has reached the level of plantation agriculture in parts of the tropics, but even today much of that land is laboriously worked by people leading draft animals pal- ling primitive plows.

The problems of mechanization in some areas are not 0nly cultural in nature. For examples, tropical soils and crops differ markedly from those in temperate areas that the machines are designed for, so adaptations have to be made. But the greatest obstacle to mechanization is the fear in underdeveloped countries that the workers who are displaced by machines would not find work elsewhere, Introducing mechanization into such areas requires careful planning.

31. The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that______.

A) the introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmers

B) the use of internal combustion engine as a chief power source for the farm produced great influence

C) the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their work

D) ingenious improvements were made in fanning machines in the 1860s to yield production

A.By sustained innovation in products.

B.By sustained innovation in channels.

C.By sustained innovation in sales and services.

D.All of the abov

A.改变收入模式（revenue model innovation）

B.改变企业模式（enterprise model）

C.改变产业模式（industry model innovation）

D.改变技术模式（technology-driven innovation）

(作文)innovation创新

Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation/creation/invention. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.