He conducted these instructional sessions with （)and humor.A、animationB、animalC、advanceD

A.negative

B.national

C.irrational

D.rational

A、have conducted

B、be conducted

C、conduct

D、been conducting

A. contacted

B. conducted

C. contracted

D. confirmed

A. fated

B. wandered

C. conducted

D. witnessed

A．Nowadays it is easier to get educated than in the past． A 2012-report conducted by Beijing Human Resources Department: the female percentage in the occupations such as professors, doctors, layers． Engineers grew by 80．3% compared to the days 50 years ago．

B．Business success can be ascribed to innovation． Take Steve Jobs as an exampl

E．If he had not invented innovative devices such as Iphone,he could not have achieved great success in the global market．

C．I feel like living in the city since the life in city can provide entertainment and convenienc

E．

D．Sports help to promote the development of a student’s personality． Such traits of character as competitiveness, teamwork and endurance are cultivated in sports．

and violence？

A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.

B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.

C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.

D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.

TV Commercials and Print Ads

Despite the fact that advertisers spend ＄ 44 billion on the major television networks and cable TV advertising, a new study show that consumers think print ads more entertaining and less offensive than television commercials. They study, conducted by Video Storyboard Tests in New York, showed that more consumers considered prints ads "artistic" and "enjoyable".

The 2, 000 consumers surveyed blasted TV ads compared to their print counterparts: 34 percent of respondents thought print ads were artistic, compared with 15 percent for television ads; 35 per cent thought print ads were enjoyable, compared to 13 percent for television; and, most surprising, 33 percent of consumers felt print ads were entertaining, compared to only 18 percent for TV ads. Much of the artistic impact and positive reaction to print ads comes from the illustrations used. The illustration is primary in creating the mood for a print ad, which ultimately affects consumers' feelings about the image of the brand.

While the study's sponsors were somewhat surprised by the survey results, some industry executives felt that print ads were finally getting the credit they deserve. Richard Kirshenbaum, chair and chief creative officer of Kirshenbaum, Bond & Partners, a New York advertising and public relations firm, is one such believer. In fact, Kirshenbaum says that when he looks to hire a person for a creative position in his agency, "I always look at the print book first because I think it is harder to come up with a great idea on a single piece of paper. "

But as impressed as computers say they are by the aesthetics (美学)and style. of print ads, televisions executives (as you might expect )dismiss the findings. One network official said, "Nothing will replace the reach and magnitude of an elaborately produced television spot. TV ads get talked about. Print ads don't. "

The sponsors of the concerned study are______.

A．advertisers

B．Video Story Tests

C．television executives

D．not specified

FLOOR BROKERS, when a commission broker has (56) that he cannot execute personally because of their number or because of the activity of the market, he engages the services of a floor broker. These floor brokers were once referred to as $ 2 brokers, because at one time they charged a fee of $2 per (57) ; today this fee is (58) higher. Commissions are shared on these orders. It is easy to see that smaller commission brokers are especially prone to (59) by an influx of orders. The floor broker, as a freelance operator, provides a (60) function in ensuring that the exchange's business is conducted rapidly and efficiently.

(41)

A．commands

B．instructions

C．arrangements

D．orders

Short Answers

1 Auctions are public sales of goods conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He

asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or "bids", for the various

items on sale. He encourages buyers to b 记 higher figures, and finally names the highest

bidder as the buyer of the good. Practically all goods whose (lualities vary are sold by

auction. Among these are coffee, skins, wool, tea, furs, species, fruit and vegetables and

wines. Auction sales are also useful for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare

kooks, old china and works of art

2 An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be

sold; and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. TI the advertisement

cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together,

called a "lot", is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and

continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in

the rocm and then produces the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer's

services are paid for in the form. of a percentage of the price the goods

are sold for. The

auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible

3 The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods

he is selling, and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. Fe will not

waste time by starting the bidding too low. He will also play on the rival among his buyers

and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against

each other. It is largely in his advice that a seller will fix a "reserved" price, that is, a price

below which the goods cannot be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult

to stop a 'knock-out", whereby dealers illegally arranged themselves as the only bidder, in

the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a "knock-out" comes off, the real

auction sale takes place privately afterwards among the dealers

Questions31-35:

31. What are auctinns？

32. What are the goods which can be sold by auction？ (Name at least three)

33. Mhat is a "lot"？

34. How are the auctloneer, s services pa 记 for？

35. What wifl happen if a "knock-out" is achieved？

hich consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow must people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes—he would probably answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1947 -1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending arc not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. "In a few months," she said, "we'll have to pay more for meat and milk; we'll have less to spend on other things." Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer's resistance may be evoked. This is shown by the following typical comment:" I just don't pay these prices; they are too high."

Traditional assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place should be considered. The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America. Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most conducive to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people have become accustomed to consider them "right" and expect them to remain stable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

The best title of the passage is ______.

A．Consumer's Purchasing Power

B．Relationship between Income and Purchasing Power

C．Traditional Assumptions

D．Studies in Consumer Behavior