Most students choose "Homestay" accommodation when they study abroad: others s

A.Subjects of arts, sciences and languages are taken by most first year students

B.There are a number of other courses for students to choose from besides their major ones

C.Students would still get certain credits if they do not attend the courses

D.A typical course load means the credits of courses a student has for one semester

Passage Four

Students all over the world have to work for their education. A college education in the United States is

expensive. The costs are so high that most families begin to save for their children's education when their children are babies. Even so, many young people cannot afford to pay the expenses of full-time college work. They do not have enough money to pay for school costs. Tuition for attending the university, books for classes, and living expenses are high. There are other expenses such as chemistry and biology lab fees and special student activity fees for such things as parking permits and football tic, kets. The cost of college education increases every year. However, classrooms are still crowded with students. Some American students have scholarships or other support, but many do not.

Students from other countries have money problems to overcome, too. Because students in most international programs need to have a sponsor, they work hard to earn scholarships or special loans. International students understand the value of going to school in another country. They also know that it is difficult. Yet just as Americans choose to attend American universities in spite of the difficulty, however, it is usually possible for students from abroad to work on university campuses to pay for some of the costs of their education. Some people believe that students value their education more if they work for it.

48. Tuition for attending the university in the United States is ______.

A. inexpensive

B. high

C. free from charge

D. costless

Passage Two

Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.

In the early years, these schools were much alike. Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated, most of them became ministers (大臣) or teachers.

In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.

As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.

Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with (涉及) special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.

36. The oldest university in the US is______.

A. Yale

B. Princeton

C. Harvard

D. Columbia

om colonial days. They were small, church-connected institutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students.

Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, bearing the ancient name of university. In Germany a different kind of university had developed. The German university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between mid-century and the end of the 1800's, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany for advanced study. Some of them returned to become presidents of venerable (受人尊敬的) colleges—Harvard, Yale, Columbia—and transform. them into modern universities. The new presidents broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and had a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it on, and this called for a faculty composed of teacher scholars. Drilling and learning by rote (死记硬背) were replaced by the German method of lecturing, in which the professor's own research was presented in class. Graduate training leading to the Ph. D, an ancient German degree signifying the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment, was introduced. With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate students learned to question, analyze, and conduct their own research.

At the same time, the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old, constricted curriculum of mathematics, classics, rhetoric, and music. The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system, by which students were able to choose their own courses of study. The notion of major fields of study emerged. The new goal was to make the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. Paying close heed to the practical needs of society, the new universities trained men and women to work at its tasks, with engineering students being the most characteristic of the new regime. Students were also trained as economists, architects, agriculturalists, social welfare workers, and teachers.

The word "this" (Sentence 8, Para. 2) refers to which of the following？

A．Creating and passing on knowledge.

B．Drilling and learning by rote.

C．Disciplining students.

D．Developing moral principles.

Homeschooling

Just in last year, more than one million children in the United States chose homeschooling but not traditional school education.This surprising figure was published by the National Center for Education Statistics.Homeschooling is a recent development in education.Not very long ago, it was still considered to be too radical by many education experts.Today, it has been accepted n almost every state.Thousands or even millions of children have tried homeschooling and many more parents are seriously considering it.The interesting thing was what led to such a change.There have been many recent surveys to show that parents are getting impatient and fed up with our public schooling system because it doesn't teach children any practical or real-life skills.

Parents are also concerned about the negative news from schools.For example, some students take drugs in schools, fight with schoolmates and even bring guns and knives to school.Parents are deeply worried about how the behavior. of these students would affect their children's healthy growth.

Homeschooling, on the other hand, allows parents to bring up their children in a natural and loving environment.It is especially important in the early years of the children's development (between three and twelve years old) because this is the period when they are easily affected by negative influences and peer pressure.And during this time most of them cannot tell what is right and what is wrong.Obviously, homeschooling can keep them from some of these bad influences.

Homeschooling has some other benefits, Since parents and children spend more time together, a nice relationship or a stronger bond can be formed between them.This bond can connect with them closer than they have ever thought before.If parents choose homeschooling, they can easily pass their moral values and beliefs on to their children since they stay together longer or maybe they are even the teachers themselves.

So what major factors are stopping parents from adopting homeschooling？ One important thing is that homeschooling costs a lot of time and money.For most families, both parents have to work full-time to support the family.Many homeschooling families depend on one parent for the income, while the other parent has to spend all the time on teaching the child.Therefore in some cases, it is not possible to adopt homeschooling if the family doesn't have stable income.

To help and guide homeschooling families, more and more homeschooling support groups are appearing in the neighborhood.Some have even gone online.If parents do decide to choose homeschooling, they can always get advice from a homeschooling support group.

Read this passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions

21.What did many American education experts think of the new trend of homeschooling______

A.They thought it to be a too much revolutionary idea

B.They believed that this trend would develop very fast

C.They encouraged parents to support the new idea of education

D.They hoped that governments would provide more support

22.A growing number of American parents have been accepting and choosing homeschooling as They ______.

A.realized that homeschooling is the only best way to develop their children

B.have found more and more weak points in the public education system

C.thought that public schools can spoil talents more than train them

D.began to realize that public school educators are not worth trusting

23.What do parents try to avoid in educating the kids in their early years______

A.Giving their children less knowledge from books

B.The negative effect from some bad news at school

C.Hiring non-professional educators to teach their children

D.The natural environment for their children to grow in

24.All the following except______are the main advantages brought forth by homeschooling

A.Students got more actively involved in social or community activities

B.Parents invest more time and energy in developing their children

C.Children benefit more from homeschooling than from public schools

D.The environment for learning is much better for children's healthy growth

25.When parents decide to choose homeschooling, they have to consider carefully the following major factors except the______.

A.time and energy parents have to invest

B.environment for children to learn and interact

C.Stable Income to afford the cost for children's learning

D.relationship between their children and other students

Student Housing Options

The decision about where to live while studying at tertiary(第三的，第三位的) level can have a major influence on a student's chance of success. It is important that particular need, such as security, a quiet place to study, and a convenient location, are taken into consideration before a choice is made. Four of the various options available to students are discussed below.

1. Halls of Residence

Residential college accommodation at a university provides small rooms, usually single study/bedroom, for both undergraduate and postgraduate students. Most have shared bathrooms, and all meals and linen are usually included. However, meals are chosen by the catering staff, and meal time strictly adhered to. In addition to basic residence fees, most universities make minor additional charges for items such as registration fees, damage deposit, and power charges. College accommodation is limited, and there are always waiting lists—it is especially popular with first year students since it is an excellent way to meet people, and travel expenses are minimized. Also, if a student intends to return home during vacations, costs can be reduced, since payment is only for weeks spent living on campus.

2. Private Rental Accommodation

A single student can either move into an existing household or establish one with friends or acquaintance. Rent and expenses such as bond, electricity, gas, and telephone are shared equally among the people living in the household. Buying food and cooking is done either individually or on a group basis. Each person is expected to help clean and tidy the shared living space, that is, the kitchen, bathroom, and living room. Each is responsible for cleaning his or her own room and doing the washing. A student with a partner and/or children may wish to bear the full cost in preference to a shared accommodation arrangement.

For the first time renters there are many pitfalls(陷阱，阴谋), but there is much that can he done to avoid disaster. First, consider the desirability of the many types of shared accommodation options. For instance, non-smokers and vegetarians should probably not consider living with a smoker who eats meat. Students moving out of their parents' home usually take domestic labor for granted, but, nobody likes living with a person who refuses to do his or her share of the housework.

The next step is to choose a suitable area. Rents vary according to the number of rooms, condition, and location of the property. Most students want to live either close to their institution, or within easy reach of the city. Preferences should be guided by the amount of money available to spend on rent, and access to existing transport. The best place to start looking is on notice boards around universities and colleges, or in the windows of coffee shops nearby. Students often advertise for housemates, and those seeking accommodation should advertise their situation too. Local real estate agents often provide a share service, although there is usually a significant fee. A last resort would be the "To Let" or "Share Accommodation" sections of the weekend newspaper.

A small number of flats and houses are available through the university or college housing offices, but most are found through local real estate agents. Unfortunately, there is no cheap way to move into a house or flat. When renting, it is usually required to sign a six-month lease, and pay rent in advance plus a refundable bond. It is important to make allowances for these establishment costs, and to include the purchase price of furniture bond and connection fee, electricity or gas connection fees, furniture, utensils, food appliances, and so on. Even moving into an established house can cost more money than students first imagine. Find out about all the extra costs before signing a lease and committing oneself. Moving out before the end of the lease period

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

The challenges faced by all child protection caseworkers are obvious(1)is often not so obvious are the many rewards a caseworker career(2)People often ask(3)anybody in their right mind would want to be a child protection caseworker, habitually dealing(4)the most disadvantaged and troubled families in their community. Caseworkers routinely(5)disturbing cases of child abuse and neglect, and clients who are not cooperative. Being a caseworker means being an agent of positive change,(6)when the welfare sector is not just a job to you,(7)a professional vocation.

Child protection is a difficult and(8)career path to follow, but the rewards do exist. Many of our caseworkers choose this career path out of a desire to(9)to the community. To be part of a process can(10)change a family's life, and caseworkers may(11)their intervention equip a young person so that his or her future(12)are improved. Of course, this does not(13)with every intervention. But when it happens, it is a(n)(14)experience. And if you are wondering whether this experience makes the job worthwhile, the answer is YES!

A good indicator of how outside people(15)the caseworker career has been the feedback from university students. In 2006 there were 118 students on placements (实习) of caseworker career. Those students who completed their placements in child protection told us about the great(16)they have had to(17)theory to practice; the many chances of learning new skills and trying new tasks; the sound knowledge(18)through training; and how(19)becoming familiar with different welfare services was(20)their future career.

of the nineteenth century, women seem to have had almost no rights at all. They could not vote, or even sign contracts. Their marriages were arranged by their parents, and once they were married they could not own property. Most of the time they were kept at home, and even when they were allowed to work, they were never given responsible jobs. It is strange to think that, as far as we know, most women were happy with this situation. Today the position is quite different. Women can now vote, and choose their own husbands. In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal share of property in the case of divorce, and in the same year the Equal Pay Act gave them the right to equal pay with men for work of equal value. Yet despite these changes, there is no doubt that there are still great differences in status between men and women. Many employers maybe even the majority seem to ignore the Equal Pay Act, and the average working woman is likely to earn only about half what a man earns for the same job. Most women who do work still do unskilled jobs. While only a small proportion of the countrys workers possibly one third are in fact women. This small percentage is partly because of the a shortage of nurseries. If there were sufficient nurseries, up to twice as many women might well go out to work. There is also great inequality in education. Only a quarter of all university students are women. And at present boys schools are undoubtedly much better than girls schools.

Women have the right to equal pay because______.

A．a law was passed

B．the Equal Pay Act was issued

C．they can vote

D．they do the same jobs as men

A.repetition

B.variation

C.substitution

D.selection