According to divorce contract, my husband has _______ to our children at weekends.

than on girls is that_____.

［A］ all cultures encourage male aggression and noncompliance

［B］ boys are always involved in their parents’ fights

［C］ males are usually viewed as the models in self-control and strong will

［D］ boys are basically more self-disciplined than girls

roblem, one must remember that modern American woman is freed.During childhood and youth, the American girl is given freedom and education which is equal to a boy’s.After completing school, she is able to get a job and support herself.She doesn’t have to marry for financial security.She considers herself an independent, self-sufficient person.She wants a husband whom she can respect.She wants a democratic household in which she has a voice in making decisions.When a husband and wife are able to share decision-making, their marriage is probably closer, stronger, and more satisfying.Otherwise, the couple is likely to wind up in the divorce court.

When a couple gets divorced, the court usually requires the man to pay his former wife a monthly sum of money.If the couple has children, they usually remain with the mother, and the father is expected to pay for their support.

Although divorce is quite common in the United States, 80 percent of those who get divorced remarry.The remarriages allow thousands of people, especially children, to enjoy family life again, but at the same time many troubles have arisen.A well-known American joke tells of a wife calling to her second husband, “Quick, John! Come here and help me! Your children are beating up our children!”

6.What does the passage mainly discuss？()

A.Financial trouble in the family

B.Different attitudes between husband and wife towards children’s education

C.Women’s liberation movement

D.Lack of democratic atmosphere in the household often leads to divorce

7.What do you know of modern American women according to the passage？()

A.They are overbearing

B.They respect their husbands, but do not listen to them

C.They do not have much to say in the household

D.They are more independent than ever before

8.What kind of marriage can be successful according to the passage？()

A.Both the man and woman are financially secure

B.husband and wife share housework

C.Decisions are made by the man and woman together

D.Both the man and woman are well-educated

9.What happens when a couple is divorced according to the passage？()

A.The children become homeless

B.The man, rather than the woman, remarries soon

C.Life becomes difficult for the woman and her children

D.The man is still held responsible for the welfare of his children

10.What does the well-known joke suggest？()

A.Remarriages often end up in failure

B.Children are unhappy in the new family

C.The mother is not respected by the stepchildren

D.Remarriage causes new troubles in the household

s feeling... like down and sad and even though I did't really show it."

Judith Wallerstein says problems from divorce can last many years. They can show up when the kids are adults. And the kids have their own trouble. Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. The results can be found in her book.

She says that children of divorce are more likely to have problems with drugs. They are far more likely to seek therapy. About 40 percent of them avoid marriage themselves. When they do marry, fail at nearly twice the usual rate. It is hard for them to trust. They are afraid of failing.

Critics say Wallerstein had too few children in her study. They think that Wallerstein stresses too much from a small study. Other things may be the cause of the kid's problems. The study does not compare kids from divorced families with kids from "healthy" families.

Wallerstein's families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed. People feel different a bout divorce. Today programs like Kid's Turn try to reduce some of the effects of divorce with family advice. Talking about their feelings helps the kids get through it. Since they know more about the problems, maybe the kids will be able to handle it.

Which word can best describe the kids from divorced families according to Paragraph 1？

A．Offensive.

B．Relieved

C．Depressed

D．Prejudiced

Text 2

A good marriage means growing as a couple but also growing as individuals. This isn't easy, marriage has always been difficult. Why then are we seeing so many divorces at this time7 Yes, our modern social fabric is thin, and yes the permissiveness of society has created unrealistic expectations and thrown the family into disorder. But divorce is so common be- cause people today are unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. They expect easy joy, like the entertainment on TV, the thrill of a good party.

Marriage takes some kind of sacrifice, net dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul, but some level of compromise. Some of one's fantasies, some of one's legitimate desires have to be given up for the value of the marriage itself. "While all marital partners feel shackled at times, it is they who really choose to make the marital ties into confining chains or supporting bends", says Dr. Whitaker. Marriage requires sexual, financial and emotional discipline. A man and a woman cannot follow every impulse, cannot allow themselves to stop growing or changing.

A divorce is not an evil act. Sometimes it provides salvation (拯救)for people who have grown hopelessly apart or were frozen in patterns of pain or mutual unhappiness. Divorce can be like the first cut of the surgeon' s knife, a step toward new health and a good life. On the other hand, if the partners can stay past the breaking up of the romantic myths into the development of real love and intimacy, they have achieved a work as amazing as the greatest cathedrals(教堂) of the world. Marriages that do not fail but improve, that persist despite imperfections, are not only rare these days but offer a wondrous shelter in which the face of our mutual humanity can safely show itself.

26. According to the author, an ideal marriage life ______.

A) requires considerable sacrifice on both partners

B) requires that the couple be emotionally involved

C) allows for the growth of the husband and wife as a couple and as two individuals

D) is only an illusion in today's society

Questions 61-65 are based on Passage Two:

Passage Two

Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(剧增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage, Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry． The converse（反面）of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage．In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision． Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner． Data show that economic downturns tend to put off marriage because the parties cannot afford to estabZish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead． As the economy comes to iife, the number of marriages also rises．

The increase in divorce rates follows, with the increase in women working outside the home． Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions．The impactof a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions．The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a workir．g wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage．But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的)． Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage． By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financia! and emotional stability．

Psychologicai factors also should be considered． For example, a wife blockecZ from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house．She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce． On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union．

Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases,men have remained the main breadwinners． A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house． Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities．

The word “portend”(Line 2, Para． 1) is closest in meaning to“()”．

A． defy

B． signal

C． suffer from

D． result from

a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage (抵押贷款) payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly earnings.

Other members of the autoworker’s family, however, might be less inclined to trade the present for the past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Throughout much of the 1960s, more than a quarter of men and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.

In most states, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a credit card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.

Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average, they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts (职位相对的人), while racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working-class families.

Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. The spread of no-fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.

The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age.

61. What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950？

A) They had less job security than they do today.

B) It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.

C) Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.

D) They were better off than workers in other industries.

62. What does the author say about retired people today？

A) They invariably long to return to the golden past.

B) They do not depend so much on social welfare.

C) They feel more secure economically than in the past.

D) They are usually unwilling to live with their children.

63. Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a white suburban neighborhood？

A) They lacked the means of transportation.

B) They were subjected to racial inequality.

C) They were afraid to break the law.

D) They were too poor to afford it.

64. What is the result of no-fault divorce？

A) Divorce is easier to obtain.

B) Domestic violence is lessened.

C) It causes little pain to either side.

D) It contributes to social unrest.

65. What does the author suggest society do？

A) Get prepared to face any new challenges.

B) Try to better the current social security net.

C) Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.

D) Improve the lives of families with problems.

In the classic marriage vow（誓约),couples promise to stay together in sickness and in

health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife—not the husband— becomes seriously ill.

"Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker. Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.

The researchers examined how the onset(发生)of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic(慢性的)illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems. "We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness," Karraker said. "They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."

While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. "Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses," Karraker said. "And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women."

Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.

"Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she said. "But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."

91.What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage_____

A.They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.

B.They are as binding as they used to be.

C.They are not taken seriously any more.

D.They may help couples tide over hard times.

92.What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands_____

A.They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.

B.They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.

C.They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.

D.They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.

93.What does Karraker say about women who fall ill_____

A.They are more likely to be widowed.

B.They are more likely to get divorced.

C.They are less likely to receive good care.

D.They are less likely to bother their spouses.

94.Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker_____

A.They are more accustomed to receiving care.

B.They find it more important to make money for the family.

C.They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.

D.They expect society to do more of the job.

95.What does Karraker think is also important_____

A.Reducing marital stress on wives.

B.Providing extra care for divorced women.

C.Stabilizing old couples' relations.

D.Making men pay for their wives, health costs.

until it turns around just might do, a new study says.

The research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled(选出) from a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results contradict what seems to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute for American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the "Smart Marriage" conference, sponsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education.

The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample were analyzed through 13 measures of psychological well-being. Within the five years, 167 of the unhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayed married.

Divorce didn't reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase a sense of mastery compared with those who stayed married, the report says. Results were controlled for factors including race, age, gender and income. Staying married did not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappy married turn things around？ To supplement the formal study data, the research team asked professional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were "marriage survivors". All had moved from unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felt their unions got better via one of three routes, the report says:

Marital endurance. "With time, job situations improved, children got older or better, or chronic ongoing problems got put into new perspective." Partners did not work on their marriages.

Marital work. Spouses actively worked "to solve problems, change behavior. or improve communication".

Personal change. Partners found "alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build a good and happy life despite a mediocre marriage." In effect, the unhappy partner changed.

According to David Blankenhorn, people commonly believe that ______.

A．divorce is a better solution to an unhappy marriage than staying together

B．divorce is not necessarily the only solution to an unhappy marriage

C．keeping an unhappy marriage needs much courage and endurance

D．to end an unhappy marriage or net is a tough decision for the spouses

Passage Two

Concerning money or anything else, conflicts between husband and wife usually reflect a power struggle. Conflicts between parent and child often center around the same issue. As children enter adolescence, they begin to demand greater freedom to go where they please, do what they please, and make decisions without parental interference. Many American par- ents do not know how to deal with their teenagers and seek advice from books, lectures, and parent-training courses. Parents want to maintain a friendly relationship with their teenagers and also want to guide them so that their behavior. will be whatever the parents consider proper and constructive. But in a society of rapidly changing social and moral values, parents and children often disagree about what is important and what is right. Arguments may con- cern such unimportant matters as styles of dress or hairdos. But quarrels may also concern school work, after school jobs, decisions, use of the family car, dating, and sexual behav- ior. Some families have serious problems with teenagers who drop out of school, run away from home, or use illegal drugs. Because so much publicity is given to the problem teenager, one gets the impression that all teenagers are troublemakers. Actually, relatively few adoles- cents do anything wrong, and nearly all grow up into "solid citizens" who fulfill most of their parents' expectations. In fact, recent studies show that the "generation gap" is narrowing. The vast majority of teenagers share most of their parents' values and ideas. Many parents feel that they get along with their adolescents quite well.

40. According to the writer, conflicts between husband and wife usually reflect ______.

A. feelings of hatred

B. power struggle

C. that they don't care for each other

D. that they may appeal to divorce

A.祈祷

B.离婚

C.签名