（）her rule,England grew stronger and more stable.

re than ten million.

A data

Bbudget

Citem

Dpiece

阅读材料，回答题。

The United States ___ 51 ___a large part of the North American continent. Its neighbors are Canada ___ 52 ___ the north, and Mexico to the south.___ 53 ___ the United States is a big country, it&39; s not the largest in the world. In 1964 its population was over 160,000,000.

When this land first became a nation, after winning independence from England, it had thirteen states,___ 54 ___ of the states was represented on the American flag by a star. All the states were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew towards the west, new states were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew towards the west, new states were added and new stars ___ 55 ___ on the flag. For a long time, there were 48 states. In 1959, however, two more stars were added to the flag ___ 56 ___ the new states of Alaska and Hawaii.

Sometimes ___ 57 ___ is said that the Indians are the only real Americans. Most Americans, however, are descendants (后代) of people who came from all over the world to find a new ___ 58 ___ in a new land. ___ 59 ___ who came first and in greatest numbers to make their home on the eastern coast of North America were mostly from England. It is for that reason that the language of the United States is English and that its culture and customs are more like___ 60 ___of England than of any other

country in the world.

_________ 查看材料

A.does

B.makes

C.covers

D.gives

ks. More than half of all U. S. workers either lost their jobs or were forced to take cuts in hours or pay during the recession. The worst may be behind them now, but the shocking losses of the past few years have reshaped nearly every facet of their lives—how they live, work, and spend—even the way they think about the future. For Cindy, the recession began when her husband was relocated to Rhinelander, Wisconsin, by his company, forcing the family to move in a hurry. The couple bought a new house but were unable to sell their two-bedroom home in Big Lake, Minnesota. With two mortgages(抵押借贷)and two young children to care for, Cindy couldnt imagine how to stretch her husbands paycheck to keep her family fed. Then she stumbled upon an online community called Blotanical, a forum for gardeners, many with an interest in sustainability. "The more I read and discussed these practices, the more I realized this would help not only our budget but also our health," she says. Cindy admits that before the recession, she was a city girl with no interest in growing her own dinner. "I grew flowers mostly—I didnt think about plants that werent visually interesting. " But to stretch her budget, she began putting in vegetables and fruit—everything from strawberry beds to apple trees—and as her first seedlings grew, her spirits lifted. She no longer thinks of gardening and making her own jams as just a money saver; theyre a genuine pleasure. "Its brought us closer together as a family, too," she says. Her kids voluntarily pitch in with(主动帮助)the garden work, and the family cooks together instead of eating out. The food tastes better—its fresher and organic—and the garden handily fulfills its original purpose; cost cutting. Now she spends about $200 to $300 a month on groceries, less than half of the $ 650 a month that she used to lay out. After discovering how resourceful she can be in tough times, Cindy is no longer easily discouraged. "It makes me feel proud to be able to say I made it myself," she says. "I feel accomplished, and Im more confident about attempting things Ive never done before. " Now she avoids convenience stores and has begun learning to knit, quilt, and make her own soap. "I dont think I would have ever begun this journey if it werent for the recession," she says. "I have a feeling that from now on, it will affect my familys health and happiness for the better. "

We learn from the first paragraph that the recession______.

A．affected Americans in certain occupations

B．is over with some of the losses recovered

C．had only brought huge losses in savings and stocks

D．had great impact on Americans" work and life

阅读理解

Nancy DiMelio has earned a glowing reputation as manager of the Computer-Aided Design (CAD) department at Lloyd Engineering. Her four busy company operators use expensive state-of -the-art computer hardware and software. Others within the company are curious about the hardware and software the CAD department use, but because of her department's workload, Nancy must limit the tine her staff can spend demonstrating or explaining CAD.

Recently, as Nancy read the more than forty email message she receives each day, she discovered an email from Lance Chow, her most senior worker Lance reported that Connie Reyes, a member of the Mainframe. S 叩port department, had asked to" borrow" a copy of new CAD software. Borrowing violated Lloyd Engineering's strict rules about software licenses.

Nancy composed an email message to her supervisor In part, she wrote, "Connie Reyes is a CAD artist wannabee. Instead of breaking company rules and asking to borrow $970-worth of software, Connie should pay attention to her own work". Nancy also mentioned that Lance did exactly what he was supposed to do forwarding the problem to her. Nancy sent the email message to her supervisor and a "bcc" to Lance.

Nancy began receiving angry email message from the Mainframe. Support department They were angry that she would criticize one of their workers. Nancy's reputation Wi 比 the Mainframe. Support department had just suffered major damage.

Later, Lance sheepishly appeared in Nancy's office and told her be bad accidentally forwarded her email to Connie. Lance apologized and Nancy reassured him, "The mistake, Lancc, was mine."

26. Nancy must limit the time of explaining CAD because ________.

A. her staff have a lot of work to do

B. the program is highly confidential

C. there's something wrong with CAD

27. How many emails does Nancy possibly receive per week？()

A.40

B.150

C. More than 200

28. What does "borrow" in the second paragraph suggest？()

A. It showed good relationship between departments in the company

B. It would break the company's rules about software licenses

C. It was wrong that Lance forwarded the problem to Nancy.

29.The Mainframe. S叩port department was angry that________.

A. Connie violated the company's rule by borrowing the software

B. Lance made a mistake by sending the email to a wrong person

C. Nancy wrote to her supervisor to blame one of their workers

30. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. c-mails can lead to ineffective communication

B. reputation is more important than company's rule

C.one should never use emails in the workplace

Questions 61-65 are based on Passage Two:

Passage Two

Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(剧增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage, Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry． The converse（反面）of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage．In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision． Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner． Data show that economic downturns tend to put off marriage because the parties cannot afford to estabZish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead． As the economy comes to iife, the number of marriages also rises．

The increase in divorce rates follows, with the increase in women working outside the home． Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions．The impactof a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions．The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a workir．g wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage．But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的)． Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage． By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financia! and emotional stability．

Psychologicai factors also should be considered． For example, a wife blockecZ from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house．She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce． On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union．

Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases,men have remained the main breadwinners． A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house． Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities．

The word “portend”(Line 2, Para． 1) is closest in meaning to“()”．

A． defy

B． signal

C． suffer from

D． result from

.Which one is the exception？()

A.The council of regents to rule England was dominated by reformers.

B.Edward VI was enthusiastic about reform. as Henry VIII had been.

C.Edward VI was raised by Protestants rich with Renaissance ideas.

D.Mary succeeded Edward VI and began to restore the Catholic faith.

A、 Past and Present

B、 Heroes and Hero-Worship

C、 Sartor Resartus

D、 The French Revolution

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages.

When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. 'Her parents did not approved, but Nightingale was determined.

She traveled to hospitals all over Europe. She saw that doctors were working too hard. She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.

Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more, they needed special training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen during illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes.

In 1854, England was fighting a war with Russia. No reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded. People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 1854, Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital.

She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.

At first, the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. They worked around the clock, tending the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived. After the War, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for nurses. In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine.

Florence Nightingale was born into a rich______.

A．Italian family

B．Russian family

C．English family

D．German family

Mrs Sharp, a large, red-faced woman in her late sixties, has lived in Greenleas, a 'new town' in the countryside outside London, since 1958. Before that she lived in Bethnal Green, an area of inner London. She was moved to Greenleas by the local authorities when her old house was demolished (拆除).

She came from a large family with six girls and two boys, and she grew up among brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, grandparents and cousins. When she married her boyfriend from school at eighteen, they went on living with her parents, and her first child was brought up more by her mother than by herself, because she always worked.

As the family grew, they moved out of their parents' house to a flat. It was in the next street, and their life was still that of the extended family. "All my family used to live around Denby Street," said Mrs Sharp, "and we were always in and out of each other's houses." When she went to the shops, she used to call in on her mother to see if she wanted anything. Every day she would visit one sister or another and see a nephew or niece at the corner shop or in the market.

"You always knew 90% of the people you saw in the street every day, either they were related to you or you were at school with them," she said.

When her babies were born (she had two sons and a daughter), she said, "All my sisters and neighbours would help - they used to come and make a cup of tea, or help in some other way." And every Saturday night there was a family party. It was at Mrs Sharp's mother's house. "Of course we all know each other very well. You have to learn to get on with each other. I had one neighbour who was always poking(管闲事) her nose into our business. She was forever asking questions and gossiping (拨弄是非). But you had to put up with everyone, whatever they were like."

1)、Mrs. Sharp had to move to Greenleas because she had to work there.

A.T

B.F

2)、When she got married, she lived together with her parents all the time.

A.T

B.F

3)、She knew so many people because they were either her relatives or schoolmates.

A.T

B.F

4)、The sentence "I had one neighbour who was always poking her nose into our business." in the last Para. means I had one neighbour who always showed her interests in our private affairs.

A.T

B.F

5)、This passage mainly deals with what the extended family is like.

A.T

B.F

as a student, reluctantly released from the bosom of a tearful mum,with a traveling trunk stuffed full of home-made fruit cakes and woolly vests. I was ill-prepared for the Spartan standards of the South. Through even the grimmest post-war days, as kids we had ploughed our way through corner cuts of beef and steamed puddings. So you can imagine my dismay when I arrived, that first day, at my London digs to be faced with a plate of tuna-paste sandwiches and a thin slice of cake left curling under a tea-towel. And that was supposed to be Sunday lunch! When I eventually caught up with my extremely irritating landlady, I met with a vision of splendor more in keeping with the Royal Enclosure at the races than the area in which she lived. Festooned with jewels and furs and plastered with exclusive cosmetics, she was a walking advert for Bond Street. Now, we have a none too elegant but very apt phrase for this in the North of England, and it was the one my friend Arthur to describe London after three days there: "All fur coat and nothing underneath." Take our hotel. The reception area was plush and inviting, the lounge and dining-room pood enough to start Arthur speaking "properly". But journey upstairs from one landing to the next, at the veneers of civilization fell away before your eyes. By the time we reached our room, pretension to refinement and comfort had disappeared. The fur coat was off(back in the bands of the hire purchase company), and what we were really expected to put up with for a small fortune a night was exposed in all its shameful nakedness. It was little more than a garret, a shabby affair with patched and peeling walls. There was a stained sink with pipes that grumbled and muttered all night long and an assortment of furnishings that would have disgraced Her Majestys Prison Service. But the crowning glory was the view from the window. A peek behind the handsome facade of our fabled city. Rank gardens choked with rubbish, all the debris of life piled against the back door. It was a good job the window didnt open, because from it all arose the unmistakable odor of the abyss. Arthur, whose mum still polishes her back step and disinfects her dustbin once a week, slumped on to the bed in a sudden fit of depression. Never mind, I said, drawing the curtains. You can watch telly. This was one of the hotels luxuries, which in the newspaper ad had persuaded us we were going to spend the week in style. It turned out to be a yellowing plastic thing with a picture which rolled over and over like a floundering fish until you took your fist to it. But Arthur wasnt going to be consoled by any cheap technological gimmicks. He was sure his dad had forgotten to feed his pigeons and that his dogs were pining away for him. He grew horribly homesick. After a terrible night spent tossing and turning to a ceaseless cacophony of pipes and firedoors, traffic, drunks and low-flying aircraft, Arthur surfaced next day like a claustrophobic mole. London had got squarely on top of him. Seven million people had sat on him all night, breathed his air, generally fouled his living space, and come between him and that daily quota of privacy and peace which prevents us all from degenerating into mad axemen or reservoir poisoners. Arthur had to be got out of London for a while.

When the writer first came to the capital____.

A．he had been very reluctant to leave his mother

B．his mother had not wanted him to leave home

C．he had made no preparations for his journey south

D．he had sent his possessions on ahead in a trunk

tury who can expect a lower living standard than their parents.

Research into the lifestyles and prospects of people who were horn since 1970 shows that they ere likely to face a lifetime of longer working hours, lower job security and higher taxes than the previous generation.

When they leave work late in the evening, they will be more likely to return to a small rented flat than to a house of their own. When, eventually, they retire, their pensions are far lower in real terms than those of their immediate forebears.

These findings are revealed in a study of the way the ageing of Britain's population is affecting different generations.

Anthea Tinker, professor of social gerontology (老人学) at King's College London, who carried out much of the work, said the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations.

"Today's older middle-aged and elderly, are becoming the new winners," she said. "They made relatively small contributions in tax but now make relatively big claims on the welfare system. Generations born in the last three to four decades face the prospect of handing over more than a third of their lifetime's earnings to care for them."

The surging number of older people, many living alone, has also increased demand for property and pushed up house prices. While previous generations found it easy to raise a mortgage, today's under-thirties have to live with their parents or rent. If they can afford to buy a home it is more likely to be a flat than a house.

Laura Lenox-Conyngham, 28, grew up in a large house and her mother did not need to work. Unlike her wealthy parents, she graduated with student and postgraduate loan debts of ￡13,000. She now earns about ￡20,000 a year, preparing food to be photographed for magazines. Her home is a one-bedroom flat in central London and she sublets (转租) the lounge sofa-bed to her brother.

"My father took pity and paid off my student debts," she said. "But I still have no pension and no chance of buying a property for at le0st a couple of years—and then it will be something small in a bad area. My only hope is the traditional one of meeting a rich man."

Tinker's research reveals Lenox-Conyngham is representative of many young professionals, especially in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Bristol.

By saying "the growth of the proportion... to younger generations." (Line 2, Para. 5), Anthea Tinker really means that ______.

A．currently wealth flows from old generation to younger generation

B．traditionally wealth flows from younger generation to old generation

C．with the increasingly big population of over 50, the trend arises that wealth flews from younger generation to old generation

D．with more and more people of over 50, traditions have been reversed