Legend has it that the first credit card was born in 1950 over lunch at a Manhattan restaurant when Alfred

ew generation of young singers.

A.effective

B.competent

C.expensive

D.innovative

They are set apart as special times to be celebrated happily with family and friends. Religious or not religious, each festival or holiday has its own legend or origin behind. __10__

tired as President of South Africa, hundreds of streets, squares and schools【68】his name, as did many more pop songs, books and movies.【69】, Mandela is an inspiring figure of the world. But what about【70】books that bear Mandela's name【71】charities that use his name to【72】their profile？ As his legend has grown ever larger, Mandela has been faced with all of these situations. Increasingly, however, Mandela's handlers are fighting back.

Mandela, who will be 91 this year,【73】appears in public and increasingly relies on the managers of his foundation to manage his affairs. Now they're facing with a tricky issue:【74】what point does a very famous man become a private brand？ And is it possible to copyright history？ So far, the foundation has tackled these difficult questions by trying to stop those who would【75】Mandela's name for【76】or political gain either in ways they don't like【77】in ways they are able to prevent.

In August, the foundation【78】out a code of conduct【79】the commercialization of Mandela's name or【80】by his four official charities and asked the other 44 charities【81】which Mandela is a patron to sign【82】as well. Other charitable causes must get the foundation's【83】before using Mandela's name. In the business of protecting【84】, however, the choice of whether to block or【85】a project is often subjective or a matter of taste, and therefore brings【86】criticism.

(68)

A．as

B．for

C．after

D．in

t=0：0.1：10

y1=sin(t);y2=cos(t);

plot(t,y1,'r',t,y2,'b=');

x=[1.7*pi;1.6*pi];

y=[-0.3;0.8];

s=['sin(t)';'cos(t)'];

text(x,y,s);

title('正弦和余弦曲线');

legend('正弦','余弦')

xlabel('时间t'),ylabel('正弦、余弦')

grid on

axis square

ordinary sense, for that is a born quality (21) our control. The leader has, nevertheless, to be a magnet; a central figure towards whom people are (22) Magnetism in that sense depends, first of all, (23) being seen. There is a type of authority which can be (24) from behind closed doors, but that is not leadership. (25) there is movement and action, the true leader is in the forefront and may seem, indeed, to be everywhere at once. He has to become a legend; the (26) for anecdotes, whether true or (27) , character. One of the simplest devices is to be absent (28) the occasion when the leader might be (29) to be there, enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business (30) has detained him. To (31) up for this, he can appeal when least expected, giving rise to another story about the interest he can display (32) things which other folks might (33) as trivial. With this gift for (34) curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance to talk about himself. His interest is (35) in other people; he questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all (36) is relevant. He never leaves a party (37) he has mentally formed a minimum dossier (档案) on (38) present, ensuring that he knows (39) to say when he meets them again. He is not artificially extrovert but he would usually rather listen (40) talk. Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof.

A．in

B．beyond

C．under

D．of

Passage Five

On the fourth Thursday of November, every year, Americans celebrate Thanksgiving Day. The day is a national holiday which is set aside each year as a time to give thanks to God for our blessings (祝福).

Legend has it that the first English colonists (殖民者) in Massachusetts (马萨诸塞州) started the custom. According to the story, the Pilgrims~ first winter in the New World was difficult. They had arrived too late to grow many crops, and without fresh food, half of the colonists died from disease. The following spring the Indians taught them how to grow corn. In the autumn of 1621, bountiful crops of corn, beans and pumpkins were harvested. The colonists had much to be thankful for, so a feast was planned. They invited their Indian friends to join them in a large feast to share in the bounties (慷慨) of the land. This is the first Thanksgiving.

The traditional foods of the big Thanksgiving Day meal include roast turkey, cranberries, sweet potatoes, pumpkin pie, and Indian bread puddings.

Since the day is set aside for giving thanks, it has also become a traditional family day. Large dinners with many relatives are common throughout America on this special day.

51. When was the Thanksgiving Day tradition begun？

A. In the 17(上标)th century.

B. On Thursday.

C. Last November.

D. In the 16(上标)th eentury.

Washington Irving’s Sunnyside in Tarrytown, New YorkAccompanying a plan of Sunnyside （un

Washington Irving’s Sunnyside in Tarrytown, New York

Accompanying a plan of Sunnyside (unprinted here), a former residence of Washington Irving in New York, is the following text.We have left out its title, which indicates clearly its purpose, in the hope that the reader will reconstruct it after reading the text.

Sunnyside is one of the few surviving and best-documented examples of American romanticism in architecture and landscape design.Andrew Jackson Downing featured Sunnyside in his Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1841) as an example of the "progressive improvement in Rural Architecture..." which, he explained, strives to be in "perfect keeping" with "surrounding nature" by its "varied" and "picturesque" outline.'Architectural beauty," he taught, "must be considered conjointly with the beauty of the landscape,"

Walking the 24-acre grounds is a pleasure in every season.Swans glide on the pond Irving called "the little Mediterranean", and a stone flume delights the ear with the sound of rushing water.A path leads up a small rise and from there down into "the glen," and up to the house.Behind the house, another path winds along the Hudson for views of the river at its widest point, the Tappan Zee.

The modest stone cottage which was later to become Sunnyside was originally a tenant farmer's house built in the late-seventeenth century on the Philipsburg Manor.During the eighteenth century, the cottage was owned by a branch of the Van Tassel family, the name Irving later immortalized in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow".

Irving purchased the cottage in 1835 and directed the remodeling, adding Dutch-stepped gables, ancient weathervanes, and developing Gothic and Romanesque architectural features for other parts of the house.He was so pleased with his home that in 1836 he wrote to his brother, Peter: "I am living most cozily and delightfully in this dear, bright little home, which I have fitted up to my own humor.Everything goes on cheerily in my little household and I would not exchange the cottage for any chateau in Christendom."

Today's visitor to Sunnyside sees Irving's home much as it appeared during the final years of his life.The author's booklined study contains his writing desk—a gift from his publisher, G.P.Putnam and many personal possessions.The dining room, in which Irving and his dinner guests often gathered to enjoy the beautiful sunsets over the Hudson River, adjoins the parlor.Here Irving played his flute, while his nieces, Sarah and Catherine, accompanied him on the rosewood piano.The piano and other original furnishings still grace the room.The small picture gallery off the parlor contains some original illustrations for Irving's work.The kitchen was quite advanced for its day, having a hot water boiler and running water fed from the pond through a gravity-blow system.The iron cookstove was also a "modern convenience," replacing the open hearth in the 1850's.

The second floor of the house contains several bedrooms, each of which has its own personal character.The guest bedroom is furnished with a French-style. bed and painted cottage pieces.The ingenious arches in this and other rooms were designed by Irving.His bedroom, where he died in 1859, contains the author's tester Sheraton bed, along with his walking stick and a number of his garments and personal effects.The small, bright room between the bedrooms might have been used by Irving's nephew and biographer, Pierre Munro Irving, who cared for his uncle during the last months of his life.The room was used originally to store books and papers.The bedroom used by Irving's nieces contains an Irving-family field bed with hand-made bobbin lace hangings, a chest of drawers, sewing stands, and an ornamental stove.The guest room contains a cast iron bed probably made in one of the foundries along the Hudson.

Write True (T) or False (F)for the following questions.

1.Sunnyside is the former residence of Washington Irving in Washington D.C.()

2.Sunny side is a typical representative of Romanticism of American city architecture.()

3.According to Andrew Jackson Downing , architectural beauty must be in harmony with the beauty of the surrounding landscape.()

4.During the 18th century ,the cottage was owned by Van Tassel who was mentioned by Irving in his book “the Legend of the Hollow” .()

5.Irving didn’t make any change to the cottage after he purchased it.()

6.Today’s Sunnyside has changed a lot compared with its appearance in Irving’s time.()

7.Sunnyside was built near the Hudson River.()

8.The study , the dining room , the parlor and the kitchen are all on the first floor of Irving’s house.()

9.All the bedrooms on the second floor are almost furnished in the same style.()

10.Washington Irving was cared for by his daughter during the last period of his life.()

It seems that every country, race, and religion observe some type of holiday or festival. The two most celebrating holidays __1__in the North and South America, Australia and Eueope, and in the most of Christian world are Christmas and Easter. __2__Christians celebrate the birth of Christ on Christmas. The __3__exchange of gifts rises from the birthday tradition. The __4__winter holiday season is time for bright colored lights to __5__appear in and out the houses, on Christmas trees, and on __6__buildings and storefronts, At Easter, Christians celebrate the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ. This is also a time for celebration with family.A non-religious celebration in North America is Thanksgiving.Similarly, National Day and Labour Day Holidays are among the non-religious holidays in China. A common tradition is the observance of the New Year as celebrated around the world on January 1st. Therefore, various religious groups celebrate the __7__

New Year on the spring or fall. One common thread that __8__goes through all these holidays is the celebration of the __9__occasion with family, food, new clothing, lights, and festivity.They are set apart as special times to be celebrated happily with family and friends. Religious or not religious, each festival or holiday has its own legend or origin behind. __10__

t always been so jolly. The real Saint Nick was a Turkish monk who lived in the 3rd century. He was () for being charitable and selfless, eventually becoming the patron saint of sailors and children. According to legend, he was a rich man thanks to an () from his parents, but he gave it all away in the form. of gifts to the less fortunate. He eventually became the most popular saint in Europe and, through his alter ego. Santa Claus, remains so to this day. But how did a long dead Turkish monk became a big, fat, reindeer. riding pole dweller？

The Dutch got the ball rolling by celebrating the saint- called Sinter Klaas- in New York in the latc-18" century. Our old friend, Washington Irving, included the legend of Saint Nick in his seminal History of New York as well, but at the turn of the 181 century, Saint Nick was still a rather () figure in America.

On December 23, 1823, though, a man named Clement Clarke Moore published a poem he had written for his daughters called “An Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas," better known now as ‘T’ as the night before Christmas." Nobody knows how much of the poem Moore invented, but we do know that it was the spark that () lit the Santa fire. Many of the things we associated with Santa一a sleigh, reindeer, Christmas Eve visits一came from Moore's poem.

1.

A.hops

B.jumps

C.sneaks

D. skips

2.

A.known

B.observed

C. remarked

D.commented

3.

A.persistance

B.inheritance

C.insistence

D.instance

4.

Awell-known

B.popular

C.obscure

D.famous

5.

A. actually

B. generally

C. eventfully

D. eventually