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题目
Napoleon once called the British " a nation of shopkeepers" . That was intended as an insult , but had he called us a nation of traders it could not have been disputed. In Britain we buy and sell more per head of population than the people of any other country. Our island is too small to grow enough food for our people and so we need to eam enough from our exports to sustain our population.
One complication of export trade is that each country has its own independent currency system; and another is that many countries impose custom duties or other restrictions on imports.
The would-be exporter is faced with a number of problems. First there is the need to find a customer for his goods. The actual operation of selling is made more difficult because of language barriers and cultural differences. There are also additional transport problems because of the greater distances involved and often unfamiliar territories. When the manufacturer turns from selling at home to selling overseas, his problems are magnified. This is particularly true in terms of finance.
The first financial problem facing the exporter is the time taken to deliver his goods. There could be a long delay while his merchandise is in transit between London and, say, Karachi. He has incurred the costs of production, but when is he going to be paid？ The second problem is even more serious. How sure can he be that he is going to be paid at all？ And even when he receives payment his troubles may not be over. If he is paid for his goods in other currency other than sterling, and what if the other currency has fallen in value since the contract is made？ These are the perennial problems for the exporter.
Fortunately for our exporters and for our economy generally, help is available both from the government and the banks. From the government side, the Export Credits Guarantee Department offers British exporters, in return for a fee, insurance against bad debts incurred as a result of sales to foreign buyers. The Export Intelligence Department also helps by providing them with useful advice and information. The most straightforward method of financing the operations for the exporter is to borrow the necessary funds from his bank. This way he can ship his goods abroad and draw on his bank for the funds needed to carry on production while he is awaiting the proceeds. But of course the borrowings from the bank will lower his p rofit margins.
Another method of financing international trade is by documentary credit. A document known as a bill of exchange is drawn by the importer in favor of the exporter and, although the bill of exchange is a very convenient method of payment for oversea trade, once again it serves to reduce the profit margin for the exporter.
Questions for reading :
更多“Exports are of two main kinds, goods and services, the former being known as visible items and the s”相关的问题
第1题
A.exports
B.exporters
C.imports
D.exporter
第2题
A.Export the desired filesystem in the /etc/nfs file, run ‘exportfs -a‘, create a mount directory on the desired server, and mount the NFS filesystem.
B.Run ‘exportfs -a‘, export the desired filesystem in the /etc/nfs file, create a mount directory on the desired server, and mount the NFS filesystem.
C.Export the desired filesystem in the /etc/exports file, run ‘exportfs -a‘, create a mount directory on the desired server, and mount the NFS filesystem.
D.Run ‘exportfs -u‘, export the desired filesystem in the /etc/exports file, create a mount directory on the desired server, and mount the NFS filesystem.
第3题
？Read the two advertisements below, on which you have already made some notes.
？Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your proposal for the Export Sales Manager.
？Write 120-140 words on a separate sheet.
第4题
Exports are either raw materials or manufactured goods. Raw materials are products of the land, such as cotton, timber or rubber. Some raw materials such as iron ore, come from mines. These raw materials are often exported by the countries that produce them to other countries where they are made into manufactured goods.
Some countries produce food for export, for example, meat, sugar, or cereals such as wheat and maize. These countries are agricultural countries. An agricultural county needs fertile land and a good climate. A cold, dry climate is not suitable for agriculture.
A country which produces manufactured goods is known as an industrialized country. An industrialized country cannot always produce enough food for its own needs. In this case, it does not export foodstuffs. Instead it has to import them. It relies on exports of manufactured products and pays for imports with the money it earns from the exported goods.
21. From the first sentence of the passage we can know that there are()kinds of exports.
A. two
B. three
C. four
22. Raw materials are often exported by the countries that produce them to other countries where().
A. they are consumed
B. they are made into finished products
C. they are wasted
23. The countries which produce food for export,for example, meat, sugar, or cereals such as wheat and maize are()countries.
A. developed
B. industrial
C. agricultural
24. An industrialized country usually has to import foodstuffs because().
A. it cannot always produce enough food for its own needs
B. it doesn't has fertile land and a good climate
C. it relies on exports of manufactured products
25. The best title of this passage is().
A. Agriculture and Industry
B. Export
C. Production
第5题
Suppose that one country subsidizes its exports and the other country imposes a“countervailing” tariff that offsets its effect，so that in the end relative prices in the second country are unchanged．What happens to the terms of trade？ What about welfare in the two countries？
Suppose，on the other hand，that the second country retaliates with an export subsidy of its own．Contrast the result．
第6题
1. From the first sentence of the passage we can know that there are ()kinds of exports.
A. two
B. three
C. four
2. Raw materials are often exported by the countries that produce them to other countries where ().
A. they are consumed
B. they are made into finished products
C. they are wasted
3. The countries which produce food for export, for example, meat, sugar, or cereals such as wheat and maize are ()countries.
A. developed
B. industrial
C. agricultural
4. An industrialized country usually has to import foodstuffs because ().
A. it cannot always produce enough food for its own needs
B. it doesn’t has fertile land and a good climate
C. it relies on exports of manufactured products
5. The best title of this passage is ().
A. Agriculture and Industry
B. Export
C. Production
第7题
A./usr/sbin/mkfs -s 8G -o nbpi=2048,frag=512 /dev/lv00 -b -l host1
B./usr/sbin/crnfsmnt -d /backups -l /backups host1 -R -X -v -S -b bg
C./usr/sbin/mknfsmnt -f /backups -d /backups -h host1 -a -S -t rw -w bg -g
D./usr/sbin/crfs -v nfs -g vg1 -A yes -p rw -m /backups -a logname=/dev/lv00
第8题
1. His son is (luck)______________ enough to have been admitted to this large company.
2. After an (introduce) _______________ by the manager, we’ll go on with the day’s discussion.
3. We must keep the manager (inform)______________of the advertising campaign.
4. It is suggested that the president of the Union (make) _________________ a speech on behalf of all workers.
5. Having been badly damaged by the earthquake, the town has to be (rebuild)__________ .
6. With such a short time (leave)_________, it’s impossible for us to finish this complicated experiment.
7. The local economy depends (heavy) _________ on the exports of manufacture’s goods.
8. The proposal about the annual sales (discuss) ___________at the next board meeting.
9. If your neighbors are too noisy, then you have a good reason to make your (complain)______________.
10. Lily tends to get very (patience)__________ if you ask her more than two questions.
III. Reading Comprehension (30’)
Directions: Read the following passage and then choose the best answers to the questions that follow.
Task 1
When it comes to human resources, hiring highly-skilled staff is not usually enough for a company to function successfully. Besides the knowledge in their particular fields, employees must always have additional skills—those of co-operation. In the case that work tasks can only be carried out by communicating with people, accepting common decisions, solving problems, sharing information and helping one another, teamwork skills are vital.
While some jobs may require talent, the ability to work as a team is learned
第9题
A.Class Three, Grade Two
B.Grade Two, Class Three
C.class three, grade two
D.grade two, class three
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