题目
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Freedom and Responsibility
Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.
Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.
In Greece, in Athens (雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.
But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenian爷s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her
citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them.What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.
Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility.There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.
But, “the excellent becomes the permanent”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity (能力) of mankind for self-government.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime.
What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to? 查看材料
A.Countries where their people need help
B.Powerful states with higher civilization
C.Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom
D.Governments ruled with absolute power
第1题
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2013年,全国苎麻总产量约比上一年增长: 查看材料
A.1.91%
B.1.34%
C.1.63%
D.1.25%
第2题
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2003——2011年,累计完成全社会固定资产投资()亿元。 查看材料
A.1523431
B.1448711
C.1384561
D.1267751
第3题
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广州、深圳、佛山三市的科技项目数约占广东省的: 查看材料
A.66.1%
B.54.8%
C.50.2%
D.48.8%
第5题
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某社区通过随机发放问卷的方式对社区居民的业余生活进行了调查。问卷回收率为96.7%。在所有回收的问卷中,18岁及以下居民40人,19~36岁居民440人,37~59岁居民38(3人,60岁及以上居民107人,调查结果如下表所示:
本次调查一共发放了()份问卷。 查看材料
A.500
B.800
C.1000
D.1200
第6题
A.A.食用油籽、畜产品、食用植物油
B.B.蔬菜、水果、水产品
C.C.食用油籽、谷物、食用植物油
D.D.蔬菜、畜产品、水产品
第7题
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