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(1) Reading award-winning literature may boost you...

(1) Reading award-winning literature may boost your ability to read other people, a new study suggests. Researchers at the New School for Social Research, in New York City, found that when they had volunteers read works of acclaimed “literary fiction”, it seemed to temporarily improve their ability to interpret other people’s emotions. The same was not true of nonfiction or “popular” fiction, the mystery, romance and science-fiction books that often dominate bestseller lists. (2) Experts said the findings, reported online in Science, suggest that literature might help people to be more perceptive and engaged in their lives. (3) “Reading literary fiction isn’t just for passing the time. It’s not just an escape,” said Keith Oatley, a professor emeritus of cognitive psychology at the University of Toronto. “It also enables us to better understand others, and then take that into our daily live.” (4) Oatley was not involved in the new research, but worked on some of the first studies to suggest that reading literature can boost people’s empathy for others. His team has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy for others. His teams has found that those who read a lot of fiction tend to show greater empathy on standard tests, but the same is not true of avid nonfiction fans. (5) But, the study by Oatley and his team cannot prove that literature boosts empathy – empathetic folks may just be drawn to reading fiction, whereas the new study does offer some “cause-and-effect” evidence, Oatley said. For the study, researchers set up a series of five experiments in which participants read either literary fiction, popular fiction, nonfiction or nothing at all before taking some standard tests. One of the tests is known as “Reading the Mind in the Eyes”. People have to look at photos of actors’ eyes, and then guess what emotion is being expressed in each. The test is considered a measure of empathy. Overall, study participants fared better on the test after reading literary fiction, versus the other three conditions. (6) It was a small improvement, according to the principal researcher David Comer Kidd, “It’s not alike taking people from a (grade) ‘C’ to an ‘A’,” he said. But Kidd added, the effect was seen after only about 10 minutes’ reading, and it was a statistically strong finding, meaning it’s unlikely to have been due to chance. (7) “Literary” fiction has no hard-and-fast definition. So Kidd and his colleagues chose contemporary works that have won or been finalists for outstanding literary awards. They included “The Round House”, by Louise Erdrich, “Salvage the Bones”, by Jesmyn Ward and the short story “Corrie” by Alice Munro. And “popular” fiction included best-sellers like “Gone Girl” by Gillian Flynn, and Danielle Stelle’s “The Sins of the Mother”. (8) What’s so special about literary fiction? “For one, it’s usually more focused on characters than on plot,” Kidd noted. But beyond that, he said there is usually no single “authoritative narrator” who takes us through the story. “It demands that the reader almost become a writer and fill in the gaps. You really have to think about the characters,” Kidd said. (9) Oatley agreed. “Alice Munro doesn’t tell you what to think,” he said. “You, yourself, have to make inferences about characters. And that’s often what we’re doing in our real-life conversations.” Or at least that’s what people could do. (10) Reading literary fiction could also offer a way to “practice” your social skills and use them more in real life, according to another researcher not involved in the study. “It’s like how pilots train in a flight simulator,” said Raymond Mar, an associate professor of psychology at York University, in Toronto, who has collaborated with Oatley. “This is a great study,” Mar said of the new study. But he added that the overall research in this area is “still in its infancy” and one key question is whether literary fiction really is better than other fiction. (11) Mar and his colleagues recently found that fans of romance novels tended to do best on tests of empathy. Unlike the current study, Mar’s study did not test people after having them read different types of fiction. So it’s possible that there is something else about romance-novel reader that makes them more understanding of others. (12) Still, according to Mar, it’s too early to tell people to trade in their Danielle Steel for Alice Munro, at least if the goal is boosting empathy. (13) It’s also possible that plays, movies or even TV shows could build your empathy muscles, according to Kidd. But reading may be special, he said, because it provides no visuals and you have to engage your imagination more. (14) Everyone agreed that the findings suggest literature is important beyond entertainment or improving vocabulary. “There’s a common belief that reading literature is frivolous, or not practical,” Mar said. “But there is a growing body of evidence that it’s important in skills that we need in our lives.” According to the new study, what kind of books are likely to help people better understand others’ feelings?

A、Science fiction.

B、Romance novels

C、Literary fiction

D、Nonfiction.

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更多“(1) Reading award-winning literature may boost you...”相关的问题

第1题

Only by reading extensively ______ your horizons.A.you will widenB.can you widenC.you may

Only by reading extensively ______ your horizons.

A.you will widen

B.can you widen

C.you may widen

D.therefore you widen

点击查看答案

第2题

Only by reading extensively ______ you horizons.A.you may widenB.can you widenC.you will w

Only by reading extensively ______ you horizons.

A.you may widen

B.can you widen

C.you will widen

D.therefore you widen

点击查看答案

第3题

听力原文:W: Looks like you've got a lot of reading to do.M: And that's just for my literat

听力原文:W: Looks like you've got a lot of reading to do.

M: And that's just for my literature class!

Q: What does the man mean?

(16)

A.He likes reading literary books.

B.All the classes have a lot of reading.

C.He just has to read tot his literature class.

D.Only the literature class requires a lot of reading.

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第4题

Only by reading extensively ______ your horizons.A.you will widenB.can you widenC.you may

Only by reading extensively ______ your horizons.

A.you will widen

B.can you widen

C.you may widen

D.therefore you widen

点击查看答案

第5题

What do you think ordinary citizens may do faster reading the different arguments?______.A

What do you think ordinary citizens may do faster reading the different arguments?______.

A.They are indifferent

B.They are worried very much

C.They may exercise prudent avoidance

D.They are shocked

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第6题

What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments? ______A.

What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments? ______

A.They are indifferent.

B.They are worried very much.

C.They may exercise prudent avoidance.

D.They are shocked.

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第7题

After reading the passage, you may conclude that ______.A.the Indian system may also be su

After reading the passage, you may conclude that ______.

A.the Indian system may also be suitable for some smaller societies

B.the Indians are too simple-minded to live in a modern society

C.our system is much better than the Indians' apostrophe

D.the Indian social system would be very difficult to implement in our society

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第8题

One cause of slow reading is vocalizing, that is, forming the sounds of each word, even th
ough they may not be【B1】aloud. The normal rate of speaking English is 180 to 200 words a minute. If you vocalize each word, you cannot read faster than【B2】. Reading 200 words a minute is a dangerously【B3】speed.

You may wonder about the relationship between reading speed and reading comprehension. In the first place, it is of course【B4】to read rapidly but without【B5】comprehension. It is equally inefficient to read【B6】complete comprehension but at a very slow speed. You should aim【B7】a comfortable balance between the two. In the second place,【B8】you may think so at first, reading comprehension does not【B9】suffer from a rapid reading speed.

As you push yourself to read faster, you may find that you comprehend【B10】. Continued practice,【B11】, will improve your comprehension as【B12】as your speed. Instead of responding to【B13】words, you will be responding to meaningful unites of【B14】.

In the third place, there is no【B15】best reading speed. The good reader【B16】his speed to the material he is reading, and the kind of comprehension he【B17】. Generally, you can read a novel【B18】a social column in the campus newspaper faster than you can read a textbook.【B19】in a textbook, there is some material that can be read faster than other material.

Adjust your speed to the difficulty of the reading material and the degree of comprehension【B20】.

【B1】

A.spelt

B.spoken

C.talked

D.told

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