The workers in the factory demanded that their pay （） be raised.

A.render

B.professional

C.indifferent

D.indebted

E.regarding

F.concernG、fascinateH、pursueI、favorableJ、the case

but they just pass their exams, while some others may spend much less time on their books but do much better in exams. How could this happen？ People used to think that hard work is the only way to success. But now they have understood that smart work can make them succeed too. Hard workers don’t mind working for long hours, while smart workers always think of several different answers to these questions, such as “Why should I suffer this？ ” or “Isn’t there a way to do this？ ” Thanks to these people, we can use computers instead of the abacus now. progress in every field is the direct result of “trying to find a better way ” by smart workers. There was a large soap factory in Japan. Once it received an unusual letter from someone who complained that there was no soap in the soap in the soapbox he bought.How could empty soapboxes go out of the factory？ The engineers checked the producing and packing. The producing was fine, but in about ten thousand soapboxes, the packing machine let an empty soapbox go. There was no need to spend a lot of money repairing the machine for such a small problem. The engineer soon worked out a solution. He put a huge X-ray machine and two large computers to find out the empty soapboxes. After teaching the workers how to use it, he sat down in his seat, exhausted.

“Sir, we could have solved the problem in a much simpler and cheaper way, ” a worker sa id.

“Really？ How？”

“We can put a huge fan near the packing machine. The wind coming from the fan will blow away the empty boxes, leaving the other boxes with soap. ”

See, this is smart work. In order to succeed, we should not only work hard like the engineer, but also think smart like this worker.

1. Some students spend less time on school work but do better in exams because they study longer.

A: F

B: T

2.The passage mainly tells us we should work hard like the engineer and think smart like theworker.

A: T

B: F

3.The soap factory could only put a huge fan near the packing machine to solve problem in amuch simpler and cheaper way.

A: F

B: T

4.The underlined phrase “blow away”means “停止” in Chinese.

A: T

B: F

5.Someone wrote to the soap factory and complained that the soapbox he bought was terrible.

A: F

B: T

of the greatest wonders in the world. The Wall is 6,700 kilometers long from Shanhaiguan Pass in Hebei Province to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province. The wall is about 7.8 meters high，and it is 6.5 meters wide at the base and 5.8 meters at the top. The Great Wall was first built during the Warring States Period (476-221B.C.) to prevent people in the north from attacking. Then the First Emperor of Qin ordered several hundred thousand workers to connect different sections of the wall. Today，tourists can visit eight sections of the Great Wall. Most of them were built in the Ming Dynasty. The best section of the Great Wall is located near Beijing. 依照文章判断正误(对的写T;错误写F)

() 6. The Great Wall has a history of over 2,000 years.

() 7. The Great Wall is said to be the greatest wonder in the world.

() 8. Shanhaiguan Pass is close to Jiayuguan Pass.

() 9. The First Emperor of Qin ordered more than 100,000 workers to build the Great Wall.

() 10. Most of the present sections of the wall were built in the Qin Dynasty.

Passage 4

Many countries have a holiday to celebrate workers’rights on or around May 1, but Labour Day in Canada is celebrated on the first Monday of September. Canada&39;s Labour Day was _1_ celebrated in the spring but it was moved to the fall after 1894. The origins of Labour Day can be traced back to April 15, 1872, when the Toronto Trades Assembly organized Canada’s first significant _2_ for worker’s rights. The aim was to release the 24 leaders of the Toronto Typographical Union who were imprisoned for _3_ to campaign .for a nine-hour working day. At this time, trade unions were still illegal and what they did was seen as a criminal conspiracy to _4_ trade. In spite of this, the Toronto Trades Assembly was already a significant organization and encouraged workers to form. trade unions, _5_ in disputes between employers and employees and signaled the _6_ of workers. There was _7_ public support for the demonstration and the authorities could no longer deny the important role that the trade unions had to play in the _8_ Canadian democratic society. A few months later, a similar demonstration was organized in Ottawa and passed the house of Canada’s first prime minister, Sir John Macdonald. Later in the day, he appeared before the gathering and promised to _9_ all Canadian laws against trade unions. This happened in the same year and _10_ led to the founding of the Canadian Labour Congress In 1883. A similar holiday，Labor Day is held on the same day in the United States of America. Canadian trade unions are proud that this holiday was inspired by their efforts to improve workers’rights.

A) disrupt

B) enormous

C) lashed

D) muttering

E) striking

F) mediated

G) originally

H)perpetual eventually

J) emerging

K) gesture

L) mistreatment

M) abolish

N) parade

O) practically

第1空答案是：

Part B

Directions:

The 12,000 members of the Electricity Workers' Union went on strike last week and since then there has been no electricity. For questions 61～65, match the names with the statements below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Mr. Mike Smith:

It wasn't an easy decision, but we've been asking for a decent wage for years. Now at las people are beginning to listen to us. We' re only asking for a 25 percent increase in our wages. 250 dollars a week, that's all. It's a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike. Bu please don't blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim.

Mr. Tom Brown:

It' s totally unreasonable to demand so much money when we are trying desperately to control inflation. If wages go up ,so do prices. If we gave in to the electricity workers, all the other unions would want more, with the inevitable result that the crisis would become uncontrollable. What we' re trying to impress upon everybody is that inflation hurts everybody, especially the poor people. We offer the electricity workers a 10 percent increase. And that' s already too much. My stand at this meeting will be to persuade the Union to see reason.

Mr. Bob Davis:

Everybody will be hurt by this strike, including the electricity workers themselves. The economy will be destroyed and many people will lose their jobs. Already people are saying that the big unions have too much power and shouldn't be allowed to strike. Of course the electricity workers want to get more money. Don't we all？

Mrs. Baker.

My opinion is "Get the Army in". All the power stations should be managed by the army. The strikers should be thrown into prison. That' s what this country needs. Why must we all suffer just because a few men are greedy？ If they don't like their jobs, nobody' s forcing them to work. They should try and live on 50 dollars a week like I have to. Perhaps they' d keep their mouths shut then.

Miss Slater：

Let's face it. It's neither here nor there. The electricity workers are in a strong position. Perhaps we can't do anything about it. What I say is: let them have their 250 dollars so we can return to work. I mean, the government wastes the taxpayers' money all the time on trivial things. How can anyone say 250 dollars is "too much"？ Pop singers get more. Nurses get less. It's just one of those things.

Now match each of the persons (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.

Note: there are two extra statements.

Statements

[A] A 10% increase is already too much, and I'm here to persuade the Union to see reason.

[B] I hope that strikes should be banned in all sectors relating to the nation' s security and stability.

[C] We will never go back to work until our goals are achieved.

[D] I think that the government should give in to the electricity worker' s demands.

[E] I strongly suggest that all the power stations should be run by the army and that the strikers should be put into prison.

[F] I must make you clear that strikes will destroy the economy and that many people will lose their jobs.

[G] We are forced to call a strike because the government rejected our wage claim.

Mr. Mike Smith

阅读理解

阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确(T)还是错误(F)。

MANAGING ONESELF

We live in an age full of opportunitiesA、If you are smart enough, and have got ambition and keep pushing forward, you can rise to the top of your chosen profession, no matter where you started out.

But with opportunity comes responsibility. Companies today aren't managing their employees' careers. Professional workers must be their own chief executive officers (CEO). It's up to you to strive for your place, to keep yourself engaged and productive during a working life that may last around 50 years. To do those things well, you'll need to have a deep understanding of yourself — not only what your strengths and weaknesses are, but also how you learn, how you work with others, what your values are, and where you can make the greatest contribution, because only when you operate from strength can you achieve true excellence.

History's great achievers — Napoléon, da Vinci, and Mozart — have always managed themselves. But they are so unusual both in their talents and in their accomplishments as to be considered rare exceptions. Now, most of us, even those of us with modest talents, will have to learn to manage ourselves. We will have to learn to develop ourselves. We will have to place ourselves where we can make the greatest contribution. And we will have to stay mentally alert and engaged during a 50-year working life, which means knowing how and when to change the work we do.

操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”;句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。

1. Companies today are responsible for employee's career. {T; F}

2. It is the CEO who decides your place. {T; F}

3. You need to understand your company well so that you can do things well. {T; F}

4. Understanding yourself means knowing well about your strengths, weaknesses, your values, how you learn, how you do with others and so on. {T; F}

5. Ordinary people cannot manage themselves well. {T; F}

very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.

If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.

In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.

[A]compare

[B]responsible

[C]useful

[D]added

[E]find

[F]reference

[G]indirect

[H]method

[I]successful

[J]combined

[K]Necessarily

[L]capacity

[M]ability

[N]Basically

[O]adopt

Mr. White lived in a small village(怀特先生住在一个小乡村里). His parents hadn't enough money to send him to school. He had to help them to do something in the fields. But he didn't like to live in the poor place. When he was sixteen, he got to the town and found work in a factory. Three years later he became tall and strong. So he was sent to Africa as a soldier. He stayed there for five years and got some money. Then he came back to England and bought a shop in a small town. No people in the town went to Africa except him. And he hoped they thought he was a famous man and that they could respect him. The children often asked him to tell them some stories and his life in Africa.

One day a few children asked him to tell them something about the animals in Africa. He told them how he fought with the tigers and elephants. His stories surprised them all and some policemen and workers went to listen to him. It made him happier. Just a man who taught geography in a middle school passed there. He stopped to listen to him for a while and then said, "Could you please tell us a rare animal, sir？"

"Certainly," said Mr. Turner. "One day I met a rhinoceros(犀牛) by a river…"

"Please wait a minute, sir," said the man. "There aren't any rhinoceros in Africa at all!"

"It's rare just because there aren't any!"

(1)、Mr. White was born in a farmer's family.

A：T

B：F

(2)、Mr. White hoped to be respected because he was the richest man in their town.

A：T

B：F

(3)、The children often asked him to tell them something interesting because he knew more than any other person in the town.

A：T

B：F

(4)、All people believed Mr. White except the children.

A：T

B：F

(5)、Mr. White wouldn't like to admit that he was wrong.

A：T

B：F

阅读理解

CREATE A POSITIVE WORKPLACE CULTURE

In competitive markets, leaders are under increased pressure to maintain a positive work culture. A positive work culture cultivates greater employee satisfaction; greater employee satisfaction contributes to higher performance; higher performance impacts improved client outcomes; improved client outcomes contribute to service excellence.

Positive work cultures are built over time and need constant attention. Such cultures are dependent on leadership vision and values.

An effective leader sets the tone for the team, encourages a positive workplace culture and is able to bring about cultural change.

Workplace culture is made up of the shared attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, values and expectations that influence the way people work in the workplace. It is “the way we do things around here”.

Some cultural aspects are understood by all and are obvious such as turning up for wok on time, while others may be "unwritten rules" that are not so obvious for example how personal issues are resolved with work colleagues.

Many factors that influence whether a workplace has a positive outlook are within the control of people who work in a workplace. There are also factors out of their control, such as slumps in global prices or a change in demand and supply. The company can, however, control how they respond to these factors.

Those companies that do create positive workplace environments develop a reputation in their community as being ‘good to work for' and have a competitive edge. Not only are these companies more able to attract and retain people, they tend to be more stable as they proactively deal with issues and adapt to change.

Teams work best when they are clear about what is expected of them. They are more able to deal with difficult issues if they feel the values of the organization are supportive of them.

For a workplace culture to be positive, the direction and actions of the business must be consistent with the core values of the people in the workplace. The people must trust each other and be able to openly express and exchange ideas.

Working through these steps will help with developing a positive business culture.

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

1. A positive work culture will give workers more satisfaction.{T; F}

2. Positive cultures have a lot to do with leadership vision and values.{T; F}

3. The direction and actions for the business must differ from the core values of the employees in order for a workplace culture to be positive.{T; F}

4. In competitive markets, leaders are under more and more pressure to keep a positive work culture.{T; F}

5. Positive work culture can be built in a short period of time.{T; F}

"Wedon&39;t make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexicoclothing line.

Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further tradedeals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.

But there is also a different way to look at the data.

Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having toomany workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, Americanmanufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennialsmay not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar orbetter pay.

For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages. "They&39;re harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine CoilSpring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they&39;ve been pluckedby other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringinghigh school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.

At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his fathercofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five areretiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placementprogram, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.

At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the coppercoils he&39;s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It&39;s his first week on the job. Askedabout his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching toelectrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.

But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents,who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them toavoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame iton the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a businessdevelopment agency for western Michigan.

These concerns aren&39;t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilledtrades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels. "

The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr,a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There&39;re enough people to fill the jobs atMcDonalds and other places where you don&39;t need to have much skill. It&39;s that gap in between, andthat&39;s where the problem is."

Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials intomanufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, youngpeople value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live theirlives," she says.

A、says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools。

B、 points out that there are enough people to fill thejobs that don ’t need much skill 。

C、points out that the US doesn’t manu facture anything anymore。

D、believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers。

[E] says that for factory owners，workers are harder to find because of stiff competition。

[F] points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing。

[G] says that the manufacturing recession is to15 blame for the lay-off the young people’s parents 。

41.Jay Deuwell______________

42.Jason Stenquist______________

43.Birgit Klohs______________

44.Rob Spohr______________

45.Julie Parks______________

41__________

42

43

44

45

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

, but numerous other dependents as well---grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousions. Such "extended" families were suited for survival in slow paced __1__ societies. But such families are hard to __2__. They are immobile.Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family __3__ shed its excess weight and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged-a stripped-down, portable family unit __4__ only of parents and a small set of children. This new style. family, far more __5__ than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, __6__ even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlinling process, a stePfurther by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more __7__ components, aman and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than teh ordinarily child-cluttered family.A __8__ may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in __9__ between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many __10__ will sidestePthis problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.

A)transplant

B)solution

C)gadually

D)transport

E)elemental

F)conflict

G)continually

H)mobile

I)couples

J)agricultural

k)including

L)compromise

M)requires

N)primary

O)consisting