Why do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and _____ (恐慌) in times of depressi

A.there is no rational explanation why people should set a high value on objects such as diamonds, which have little real usefulness.

B.the price obtained from selling any commodity may bear little relationship to the cost of producing it.

C.no one consumer has any control over the price (or value) of a commodity, but consumers collectively do have such control.

D.there is no consistent relationship between the total utility obtained from any commodity and the price charged for it.

r services．The second【C1】______is to sell the product．The second purpose might be more important to the manufacturers than the【C2】______．The manufacturers go beyond only telling consumers about their products．They also try to persuade customers to buy the【C3】______by creating a desire【C4】______it．Because of advertisement，consumers think that they want something that they do not need．After buying something，the purchaser cannot always explain why it was【C5】______．

Even【C6】______the purchaser probably does not know why he or she bought something，the manufacturers【C7】______．Manufacturers have analyzed the business of【C8】______and buying．They know all the different motives that influence a consumer's purchase—some rational and【C9】______emotional．Furthermore，they

take advantage of this【C10】______.

Why【C11】______so many products displayed at the checkout counters in grocery stores？ The store management has some good【C12】______. By the time the customer is【C13】______to pay for a purchase, he or she has already made rational. thought-out decisions【C14】______what he or she needs and wants to buy. The【C15】______

feels that he or she has done a good job of choosing the items. The shopper is especially vulnerable at this point. The【C16】______of candy, chewing gum, and magazines are very attractive. They persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional, not【C17】______motives. For example, the customer neither needs nor plans to buy candy. but while the customer is standing, waiting to pay money, he or she may suddenly decide to buy【C18】______

This is exactly【C19】______the store and the manufacturer hope that the customer will【C20】______

The customer follows his or her plan.

【C1】

asted-the trouble is, no one knows which half .In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced .By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy. In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads？ Or should they have explicit permission？ In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year.In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests. On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default. It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond.Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so.Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway. Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone.Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how.If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm.DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before.Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple？ {TS}It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:

A. ease competition among themselves

B. lower their operational costs

C. avoid complaints from consumers

D. provide better online services

A.consumers get tired of goods and use less of them

B.consumers want more variety in goods and services

C.a higher price for a good reduces the consumer’s desired consumption of a good

D.a lower price for a good reduces the consumer’s desired consumption of a good

They cannot be brother, __________they do not resemble each other at all.

A． but

B． still

C． for

D． then

A．It is the only price for the goods

B．It will help them both equally

C．All of the goods will be sold

D．It is the lowest price

A.A. That' s too ba

B.B. Why not？

C.C. Which university did you originally decide to go to？

D.D. She's not written to me since last summer.

A. on

B. to

C. by