—A new monetary policy will take effect next month. —Really good news, especially for those companies that ________ with money.

ch of the following should you do before all the others（）.

A．Include the expected monetary value of the risk in the new cost estimate

B． Talk to the customer about the impact of the change

C． Analyze the impacts of the change with the team

D． Change the risk management plan

ing poverty in recent decades. The research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid and continued for decades, built on the foundations of relative political stability, rising trade, and economic liberalization (自由化) after two world wars. One new study, published recently by the Institute for International Economics in Washington, find that the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $1 a day or less shrank from 63 percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1980 and 12 percent in 1999. by some other measures, the progress has been more modest. Still, economists agree that poverty has plunged in key nations such as India and especially China, thanks to slowing population growth as well as economic freedom. "This is a huge success for the world as a whole," says Harvard University economist Richard Cooper. "We are doing something right. "

The news comes as the World Bank is about to open its annual meeting in Washington—an event that has been troubled in recent years by protests that the Bank and its sister Institution, the International Monetary Fund (IMF 国际货币组织), have done too little for the world's poor. (80) The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. Vast populations remain poor, and many still question the wisdom of World Bank policies. Nonetheless, the research findings are helpful to understand what policies should be followed by those institutions and hundreds of other development groups working very hard to hasten the pace of world economic progress. If dramatic gains are under way, the present policies—calling for open markets, free business activities, and tight monetary control—are working and correct.

But critics of IMF and World Bank policies maintain that such economic success stories as Japan, China, South Korea and Singapore are rooted in more than just "free" markets. These nations have managed to grow rapidly, and thereby reduce poverty, by limiting imports when their domestic industries were young, pushing exports to rich nations, and putting controls on purely international financial flows. They have been open to foreignowned factories but have often insisted that those investors share the knowledge and skill on modern technologies.

The word "plunged" in the first paragraph means ______.

A．decreased

B．climbed

C．increased

D．dropped into water

Read the following paragraph and underline the irrelevant sentences.

Everybody wants to work in Mr.Robinson's department.Many of the new employees request assignment to his area.Employees at the entity level are particularly eager because of Mr.Robinson's attitude towards advancement.Both promotions and salary increases are very common in his department.He believes in supplementing periodic review with raises given on merit.Also, Mr.Robinson's department is very popular because everything is run efficiently and fairly.The work starts at 9:00 a.m., since the employees are always on time.Even Mr.Robinson, himself, is in by 9:00 a.m.He considers it important to meet the same standards of punctuality as everybody else.Clearly, Mr.Robinson has all the necessary attributes for work of a supervisory nature.Yet he still has some shortage.Because he gives his employees both monetary and personal encouragement, he can depend on them to respond with astrong commitment to their work.()

A.Many of the new employees request assignment to his area

B.Both promotions and salary increases are very common in his department

C.He believes in supplementing periodic review with raises given on merit

D.Yet he still has some shortage

very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.

If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.

In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.

[A]compare

[B]responsible

[C]useful

[D]added

[E]find

[F]reference

[G]indirect

[H]method

[I]successful

[J]combined

[K]Necessarily

[L]capacity

[M]ability

[N]Basically

[O]adopt

阅读材料，回答题。

Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades. The research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid and continued for decades, built on the foundations of relative political stability, rising trade, and economic liberalization (自由化) after two world wars. One new study, published recently by the Institute for International Economics in Washington, find that the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $1 a day or less shrank from 63 percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1955and 12 percent in 1999. By some other measures, the progress has been more modest. Still, economists agree that poverty has plunged in key nations such as India and especially China, thanks to slowing population growth as well as economic freedom. "This is a huge success for the world as a whole," says Harvard University economist Richard Cooper. "We are doing something right. "

The news comes as the World Bank is about to open its annual meeting in Washington an event that has been troubled in recent years by protests that the Bank and its sister Institution, the International Monetary Fund(IMF 国际货币组织） have done too little for the world’s poor. The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. Vast populations remain poor, and many still question the wisdom of World Bank policies. Nonetheless, the research findings are helpful to understand what policies should be followed by those institutions and hundreds of other development groups working very hard to hasten the pace of world economic progress. If dramatic gains are under way, the present policies calling for open tharkets, free business activities, and tight monetary control are working and correct.

But critics of IMF and World Bank policies maintain that such economic success stories as Japan, China, South Korea and Singapore are rooted in more than just "free" markets. These nation shave managed to grow rapidly, and thereby reduce poverty, by limiting imports when their domestic industries were young, pushing exports to rich nations, and putting controls on purely international financial flows. The have been open to foreign owned factories but have often insisted that those investors share the knowledge and skill on modern technologies.

The word "plunged" in the first paragraph means__________. 查看材料

A.decreased

B.climbed

C.increased

D.dropped into water

A.The freedom of religion.

B.The freedom of searching a person ’s home by polic

C.The freedom of speech and of the press.

D.The right to own weapons if one wishes.

In the different forms of regional economic integration,() adopts the same trade policy for all the members towards countries outside the organization.

A、Free Trade Area

B、Customs Union

C、Common Market

D、the economic union

考虑赫克索尼亚经济。

a．消费函数是：C=200+0.75(Y-T)；投资函数是：I=200-25r：政府购买和税收都是100，针对这个经济体，画出r在0～8之间的IS曲线。

b．在赫克索尼亚，货币需求函数是：(M/P)^d=Y-100r：货币供给M是1000，物价水平P是2，针对这个经济，画出r在0～8之间的LM曲线。

c．找出均衡利率r和均衡收入水平Y。

d．假定政府购买从：100增加到150，IS曲线会移动多少？新的均衡利率和收入水平是多少？

e．假设货币供给从1000增加到1200，LM曲线会移动多少？新的均衡利率和收入水平是多少？

f．使用货币和财政政策的初始值，假设物价水平从2上升到4，会发生什么变化？新的均衡利率和收入水平是多少？

g．推导并画出总需求方程式。如果财政或货币政策像(d)和(e)部分那样变动，这条总需求曲线会发生什么变动？

Consider the economy of Hicksonia.

a．The consumption function is given by C=200+0.75(Y-T). The investment function is I=200-25r. Government purchases and taxes are both 100. For this economy, graph the IS curve for r ranging from 0 t0 8.

b．The money demand function in Hicksonia is (M/P)^d=Y-100r. The money supply M is 1,000 and the price level P is 2. For this economy, graph the LM curve for r ranging from 0 to 8.

c．Find the equilibrium interest rate r and the equilibrium level of income Y.

d．Suppose that government purchases are raised from 100 to 150. How much does the IS curve shift？ What are the new equilibrium interest rate and level of income？

e．Suppose instead that the money supply is raised from 1,000 to 1,200. How much does the LM curve shift？ What are the new equilibrium interest rate and level of income？

f．With the initial values for monetary and fiscal policy, suppose that the price level rises from 2 to 4. What happens？ What are the new equilibrium interest rate and level of income？

g．Derive and graph an equation for the aggregate demand curve. What happens to this aggregate demand curve if fiscal or monetary policy changes, as in parts (d) and (e)？

A.优先队列调度（PQ）

B.最小带宽预留（Bandwith）

C.最大带宽限速（Polic

D.尾丢弃策略（Queue-Limit）