题目
A.put up
B.turn off
C.put away
D.turn back
第1题
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
During the early years of this century,wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. When the crops were good,the economy was good;when the crops failed. there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation.
War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years farmers mistrusted speculative(投机的)grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn,but farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due,only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions,producer groups asked for firmer controls,but governments had no wish to become involved,at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.
Anxious to check inflation(通货膨胀)and rising living costs,the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors(监视员)to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended,and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919,the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board,with full authority to buy,sell. and set prices.
The author uses the term “lifeblood” to indicate that wheat was______.
A. difficult to produce in large quantities
B. susceptible to many parasites(寄生虫)
C. essential to the health of the country
D. expensive to gather and transport
第2题
Yet multiple authorship—however good it may be in other ways--presents problems for journals and for the institutions in which these authors work. For the journals, long lists of authors are hard to deal with in themselves. But those long lists give rise to more serious questions when something goes wrong with the paper. If there is research misconduct, how should the liability be allocated among the authors? If there is an honest mistake in one part of the work but not in others, how should an evaluator aim his or her review?
Various practical or impractical suggestions have emerged during the long-standing debate on this issue. One is that each author should provide, and the journal should then publish, an account of that author's particular contribution to the work. But a different view of the problem, and perhaps of the solution, comes as we get to university committee on appointments and promotions, which is where the authorship rubber really meets the road. Half a lifetime of involvement with this process has taught me how much authorship matters. I have watched committees attempting to decode sequences of names, agonize over whether a much-cited paper was really the candidate's work or a coauthor's, and send back recommendations asking for more specificity about the division of responsibility.
Problems of this kind change the argument, supporting the case for asking authors to define their own roles. After all, if quality judgments about individuals are to be made on the basis of their personal contributions, then the judges better know what they did. But if questions arise about the validity of the work as a whole, whether as challenges to its conduct or as evaluations of its influence in the field, a team is a team, and the members should share the credit or the blame.
According to the passage, there is a tendency that scientific papers ______
A.are getting more complicated
B.are dealing with bigger problems
C.are more of a product of team work
D.are focusing more on natural than on social sciences
第3题
Kite
Kite flying is the sport of sending up into the air, by means of the wind, a light frame. covered with paper, plastic or doth. The frame. can be one of many different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a drum. Kites have a long history practical application and many different types of kite have been developed to serve various purposes.
The ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird like wings, it looks just like a large bird in the air. The modern version is usually made of tissue paper rather than the traditional silk.
Man-lifting kites were developed in ancient times, again by the Chinese, for getting information from walled cities and army camps. In fact, as recently as World War Ⅱ, German U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch the land. These kites, which are no longer in existence, were made of lightweight cloth. They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones. Their design, however, was simply that of the cutter kite. Smaller in size, this type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make with a diamond-shaped frame, no wings and brown-paper covering.
Box kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box kite, named for its box-like body, was developed in the 19th century to test theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the success of early airplanes. These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version of the box kite, called the double box kite, which consists of two main sections, placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in strong sea wind, it is the only modern kite described which has practical value. A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite, which carries fishing lines.
The ancient Chinese bird-kites were usually made of light frames covered with ______.
A.silk
B.paper
C.cloth
D.plastic
第4题
Britain, the leader in this race with 10 percent of all foreign investment in the European Union, paid $48,600 for each of the jobs created in 1996 when LG, a south Korean firm invested in an electronics complex. According to Britain's Trade and Industry Ministry, more than 285,000 jobs were created or preserved through foreign investment from 1994 to When countries such as China and Mexico offer low-cost locations for production, industrialized nations feel compelled to counter with other incentives. Governments use subsidies to induce investment not only from auto firms but also at even greater cost. from high-tech computer and electronics companies. With countries engaged in a bidding war for multinational investment, smaller nations face the prospect of being outspent by bigger competitors. Despite the high cost of the handouts, no country wants to miss the opportunity to gain job growth and modernized industry, especially when plagued by high unemployment.
26. European governments hope to lower unemployment rates by ().
A. placing pressures on Europeans companies
B. getting loans from banks
C. creating more jobs
27. The more jobs the multinational manufacturers promise, the more () European governments will provide.
A. money
B. jobs
C. profit
28. Britain is the leader in ().
A. investing money in international market
B. spending time to look for partners abroad
C. attracting foreign investment
29. Government subsidies have attracted investment relatively easily from ().
A. car companies
B. low-cost industries
C. Gas companies
30. Every country hopes to gain job growth and modernized industry, especially when plagued by high unemployment. 'Plague' here means ().
A. a kind of disease
B. causing continual trouble
C. spreading death
第5题
Identifying leadership traits, or the physical and psychological characteristics of leaders, was the first formal approach, and had a lot of intuitive appeal. It owed its origins to the mm of the century (about 1904) when trait studies began. At this time most American leaders came from certain wealthy families, the vast majority were white males, and there were some social norms about what leaders looked like (tall, square jaw, well groomed, etc.). The original assumption that "leaders are born, not made" has been discredited, because there were too many exceptions to the traits to give them any credibility. Beginning after World War II, in sharp contrast to the trait approach, the behavioral approach looked at what a leader does, what behaviors leaders use that set them apart from others. This approach assumed that leadership could be learned. Virtually all of the studies focused on classifying behaviors according to whether they fell into a process or "people approach" (satisfying individual needs), or a "task approach" (getting the job done). The basis for this classification was in the discovery in social psychology that every group needs someone to fulfill both these roles in the group for it to be effective. The earliest of these studies began in Ohio State University and the University of Michigan in the late 1940s. Many of the early trait and behavioral writers tried to make their ideas applicable to all leadership situations. The earliest situational approach to leadership was developed in 1958. This approach strived to identify characteristics of the situation that allowed one leader to be effective where another was not. The trend later developed toward the third approach, understanding the unique characteristics of a situation and what kind of leadership style. best matches with these.
Which of the following questions does the author answer in Paragraph 1?
A.What is "style"?
B.Is power the most important aspect of leadership?
C.How many main historical approaches have there been to leadership?
D.Why is leadership so difficult to define?
第6题
The patterns within DNA are unique to each individual, except identical twins, who share the same pattern. The ability to identify these patterns has been used to convict murderers and to clear people who are wrongly accused. It is also used to identify the victims of war and settle disputes over who is the father of a child.
Jeffrey said he and his colleagues made the discovery by accident while tracking genetic variations. But, within six months of the discovery, genetic fingerprinting had been used in an immigration case, to prove that an African boy really was his parents' son. In 1986, it was used for the first time in a British criminal case: It cleared one suspect after being accused of two rapes and murders and helped convict another man.
DNA testing is now very common. In Britain, a national criminal database established in 1995 now contains 2.5 million DNA samples(样本). The U.S. and Canada are developing similar systems. But there are fears about the stored DNA samples and how they could be used to harm a person's privacy. That includes a person's medical history, racial origin or psychological profile. "There is the long-term risk that people can get into these samples and start getting additional information about a person's paternity or risk of disease," Jeffrey said.
DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity. Till, it is considered a reasonably reliable system for determining the things it is used for. Jeffrey's estimates(估计) the probability of two individuals' DNA profiles matching in the most commonly used tests at between one in a billion or one in a trillion.
The passage is mainly about ______.
A.the discovery of fingerprinting by Jeffery
B.the practice of fingerprinting in court
C.the fingerprinting in the present situation
D.the merits and demerits of fingerprinting
第7题
Character is made up of those principles and values that give your life direction, meaning and depth. These constitute your inner sense of what's right and wrong based not on laws or rules of conduct but on who you are. They include such traits as integrity, honesty, courage, fairness and generosity--which arise from the hard choices we have to make in life. So wrong is simply in doing wrong, not in getting caught.
Yet some people wonder if our inner values matter anymore. After all, hasn't our noted bank executive succeeded in every visible way, despite his transgressions (过错,犯罪)?
This question demonstrates a quandary (因境) of our modern life. Many have come to believe that the only things we need for success are talent, energy and personality. But history has taught us that over the long haul, who we are is more important than who we appear to be.
During the nation's first century and a half, almost everything in the literature of success and self-help focused on what could be called the character ethic. Such eminent figures as Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson made clear their belief that we can only experience tree success and happiness by making character the base of our lives.
After we moved into the industrial age and after World WarⅠ, the basic view of success shifted to what we could call the personality ethic. Success became more a function of charm, skills and techniques that, at least on the surface, lubricate (使润滑) the process of human interaction. Rather than struggle with thorny issues of right and wrong, we turned to making things run smoothly.
Some of that philosophy expressed itself with harmless but superficial maxims such as "Smiling wins more friends than frowning." Other ideas were clearly manipulative or even deceptive-faking interest in others' hobbies so they will like you, for instance.
With a value system based solely on skill and personality, we find heroes in athletes, musicians and in powerful business executives. But despite the admiration we feel for these achievers, we shouldn't necessarily look upon them as role models. While skill is certainly needed for success, it can never guarantee happiness and fulfillment. These come from developing character.
According to the passage, character is().
A.your integrity
B.your personality
C.a guide in your life
D.your sense of good
第8题
This is a tricky subject, because there are very sad real victims among us. Men still abuse women in alarming numbers. Racism and discrimination persist in subtle and not-so-subtle forms. But these days, almost anyone can find a therapist or lawyer to assure them that their professional relationship or health problems aren’t their fault. As Marc Peyser tells us in his terrific profile of Dr. Phil, the TV suits were initially afraid audiences would be offended by his stern advice to “get real!” In fact, viewers thirsted for the tough talk. Privately, we all know we have to take responsibility for decisions we control. It may not be revolutionary advice (and may leave out important factors like unconscious impulses). But it’s still an important message with clear echoing as, a year later, we contemplate the personal lessons of September 11.
Back at the ranch (livestock farm)—the one in Crawford, Texas—President Bush continued to issue mixed signals on Iraq. He finally promised to consult allies and Congress before going to war, and signaled an attack isn’t coming right now (“I’m a patient man”). But so far there has been little consensus-building, even as the administration talks of “regime change” and positions troops in the gulf. Bush’s team also ridiculed the press for giving so much coverage to the Iraq issue. Defense Secretary Rumsfeld called it a “frenzy,” and Press Secretary Ari Fleischer dismissed it as “self-inflicted silliness.” But as Michael Hirsh notes in our lead story, much of the debate has been inside the Republican Party, where important voices of experience argue Bush needs to prepare domestic and world opinion and think through the global consequences before moving forward. With so much at stake, the media shouldn’t pay attention? Now who’s being silly?
第31题:Faced with diversified issues of injustice, Dr. Phil McGraw advised that people should __.
[A] strongly voice their condemnation of those responsible
[B] directly probe the root of their victimization
[C] carefully examine their own problems
[D] sincerely express their sympathy for the victims
第9题
第10题
A.First World War
B.World War the One
C.the First World War
D.the World War One
第11题
A.war
B.are war
C.of war
D.are of war
为了保护您的账号安全,请在“赏学吧”公众号进行验证,点击“官网服务”-“账号验证”后输入验证码“”完成验证,验证成功后方可继续查看答案!