Women are playing a very important part in the society （).

A.making up

B.dancing

C.cooking

D.playing instrument

A.first playing

B.To be first played

C.first played

D.to be first playing

A.Because girls grow up playing with dolls like Buzz-off

B.Because boys grow up playing with toys like Barbie

C.Because of many complex psychological and societal factors

D.Because of their sex

ART 3 Discussion topic: Sport Example questions: — What kinds of sports are popular in your country now, but weren’t popular 20 years ago — Do you think that young people spend too much time studying, watching TV, and playing on computers rather than getting exercise and playing sports — How can playing sports help us in other aspects of our lives — Which sports do you think will become more popular in the future — Compare the kinds of sports that men and women prefer.

to get a man, and women who went to college were more interested in getting a "Mrs.degree" than a bachelor's. Even today, it's not unusual for a woman to get whispered and unrequested counsel from her grandmother that an advanced degree could hurt her in the marriage market.

"There were so many misperceptions out there about education and marriage that I decided to sort out the facts," said economist Betsey Stevenson, an assistant professor at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. So along with Wharton colleague Adam Isen, Stevenson calculated national marriage data from 1950 to 2008 and found that the marriage penalty women once paid for being well educated has largely disappeared.

"In other words, the difference in marriage rates between those with college degrees and those without is very small," said Stephanie Coontz, a family historian at Evergreen State College. The new analysis also found that while high-school dropouts(辍学学生) had the highest marriage rates in the 1950s, today college-educated women are much more likely to marry than those who don't finish high school.

Of course, expectations have changed dramatically in the last half century. "In the 1950s, a lot of women thought they needed to marry right away," Coontz said. "Real wages were rising so quickly that men in their 20s could afford to marry early. But they didn't want a woman who was their equal. Men needed and wanted someone who knew less." In fact, she said, research published in 1946 documented that 40 percent of college women admitted to playing dumb on dates. "These days, few women feel the need to play down their intelligence or achievements," Coontz said.

The new research has more good news for college grads. Stevenson said the data indicate that modern college-educated women are more likely to be married before age 40, are less likely to divorce, and are more likely to describe their marriages as "happy". The marriages of well-educated women tend to be more stable because the brides are usually older as well as wiser, Stevenson said.

Not long ago, it was believed that women went to college in order to ______.

A．find a husband

B．get smart in the marriage market

C．learn to be a good wife

D．marry someone with a bachelor's degree

ng last week timed to __1__National Work and Family Month.“What about them？”you may be__2__ to yell． When Ellen Galinsky，president of the Families and Work Institute，first went out on the road to talk about her organization’S research into men’s work-family __ 3 __ ．she received many such grumpy responses．Work—life experts laughed at her．Men are__4__，they said． They don’t have the right to complain．That was in 2008，before the Great Recession had hit．And this year，when Galinsky went out on the road again to talk about the results of a new study on male work-life conflict，she got a very __ 5 __ response．Some men became very__ 6 __ ．They felt they didn’t have permission to feel __ 7__．“‘This is what I think about each and every day．”’she recalled another man telling her．“‘I didn’t realize that anyone else did．’”he said．“He thought he was alone，”Galinsky told me． __8__men are __ 9__work—family conflict isn’t new．Indeed，it’s been some time Now that they--and younger men in particular--have been complaining of feeling the__10__in even greater numbers of women．Failure， __11__ ，uncertainty，the__12__ that comes from spending a lifetime playing one game__13__ ，mid—way through，that the rules have suddenly changed，seem to have__14__ the old categories of self，work and meaning for many men． Is this a bad thing？I’d rather see it as a moment ripe__15__ possibility．“A new beginning.”said Ellen Galinsky．After all，what men are starting to say sounds an awful lot like the conversational stirrings that__16__ the way for the modern women’S movement． For some years now，sociologists have been tracking the patterns of what they call__17__in men and women’S lives．Mostly.when we think of this，we tend to foCUS__18 __how they live，what they do，how they spend time，whether they do or do not empty the dishwasher or care for their children．But what about how they feel？NOW that this final frontier is being breached．I wonder if we aren’t fully prepared to see more meaningful change in men’s-and women’s and fami!ies’一lives than ever before．That is：if we can __19__the change and act__20__it with courage，not fear．

A.commemorate

B.memorize

C.remember

D.memorial

Calista Flockhart, star of Fox’s hit TV show Ally McBeal, is so thin. And we in the media are falling all over ourselves trying to figure out whether Flockhart has an eating disorder, especially now that she has denied it. Well, I’m not playing the game. If the entertainment industry really cared about sending the wrong message on body image, it wouldn’t need so many slender celebrities in the first place.

But the fact remains that 2 million Americans—most of them women and girls—do suffer from eating disorders. In the most extreme cases they literally starve themselves to death. And those who survive are at greater risk of developing brittle bones, life-threatening infections, kidney damage and heart problems. Fortunately, doctors have learned a lot over the past decade about what causes eating disorders and how to treat them.

The numbers are shocking. Approximately 1 in 150 teenage girls in the U. S. falls victim to anorexia nervosa, broadly defined as the refusal to eat enough to maintain even a minimal body weight. Not so clear is how many more suffer from bulimia, in which they binge on food, eating perhaps two or three days’ worth of meals in 30 minutes, then remove the excess by taking medicine to move the bowels or inducing vomiting. Nor does age necessarily protect you. Anorexia has been diagnosed in girls as young as eight. Most deaths from the condition occur in women over 45.

Doctors used to think eating disorders were purely psychological. Now they realize there’s some problematic biology as well. In a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry recently, researchers found abnormal levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain, in women who had been free of bulimia for at least a year. That may help explain why drugs have allowed a lot of people to stop swallowing in large doses of food. Unfortunately, the pills don’t work as well for denial of food. Nor do they offer a simple one-stop cure. Health-care workers must re-educate their patients in how to eat and think about food.

How can you tell if someone you love has an eating disorder？ “Bulimics will often leave evidence around as if they want to get caught.” Says Tamara Pryor, director of an eating-disorders clinic at the University of Kansas in Wichita. Anorexics, by contrast, are more likely to go through long periods of denial.

第36题：We can infer from the first paragraph that _____.

［A］ the media has mislead the public’s view of celebrities

［B］ there is much misunderstanding about eating disorders

［C］ body image concerns are an indication of eating disorders

［D］ the entertainment industry is combating eating disorders

A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.

“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, ” writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes.“ It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work. ”Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.

What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.

But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.

On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.

So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.

21.According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home_____

[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace

[B] was an ideal place for stress measurement

[C] generated more stress than the workplace

[D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation

22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home？

[A] Childless wives

[B] Working mothers

[C] Childless husbands

[D] Working fathers

23.The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that_____

[A] it is difficult for them to leave their office

[B] their home is also a place for kicking back

[C] there is often much housework left behind

[D] they are both bread winners and housewives

24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____

[A] skills

[B] energy

[C] earnings

[D] nutrition

25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____

[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut

[B] home is hardly a cozier working environment

[C] household tasks are generally more motivating

[D] family labor is often adequately rewarded

mal rough-and-tumble(混战) is impossible to make, or so the argument runs: This position may appeal to our inclination for legalism, but the truth is most of us know quite well when an act of needless savagery has been committed, and sports are little different from countless other activities of life. The distinction is as apparent as that between a deliberately aimed blow and the arm hailing of an athlete losing his balance. When a player bails his hand into a fist, when he drives his helmet into an unsuspecting opponent in shorts, when he crosses the boundary between playing hard and playing to hurt he can only intend an act of violence.

Admittedly, rough acts in sports are difficult to police. But here, too, we find reflected the conditions of everyday life. Ambiguities in the law, confusion at the scene, and the reluctance of witnesses cloud almost any routine assault case. Such uncertainties, however, have not prevented society from arresting people who strike their fellow citizens on the street.

Perhaps our troubles stem not from the games we play but rather from how we play them. The 1979 meeting between hockey(曲棍球) stars from the Soviet Union and the National Hockey League provided a direct test of two approaches to sport—the emphasis on skill, grace, and finesse(技巧) by the Russians and the stress on brutality and violence by the NHL. In a startling upset, the Russians embarrassed their rough-playing opponents and exploded a long-standing myth: that success in certain sports requires excessive violence.

Violence apologists cite two additional arguments: First, they say, sports always have been rough; today things are no different. But arguments in America's Old West Were settled, on Main Street with six-guns, and early cave-dwellers chose their women with a club. Civilizing influences ended those practices; yet we are told sports violence should be tolerated. The second contention is that athletes accept risk as part of the game, and, in the case of professionals, are

paid handsomely to do so. But can anyone seriously argue that being an athlete should require the acceptance of unnecessary physical abuse？ And, exaggerated as it may seem, the pay of professional athletes presumably reflects their abilities, not a payment against combat injuries.

"Clearly we are in deep trouble," says perplexed former football player AL DeRogatis. "But how and why has it gotten so bad？"

According to the author, the distinction between violent acts and non-violent ones in sports is ______.

A．impossible to make

B．not very clear in any circumstances

C．too obvious to escape observation

D．not very difficult to make if enough attention is paid to