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题目
Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球、of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.
Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声、of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.
46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect？
A、To what extent it can trouble people.
C、What circumstances may trigger it.
B、What role it has played in evolution.
D、In what way it can be beneficial.
47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research？
A、She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.
B、She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.
C、She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins
D、She conducted studies on birds and dolphins sleeping patterns.
48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment？
A、She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.
B、She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.
C、She studied the differences between the two sides of participants brains.
D、She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.
49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment？
A、She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.
B、She recorded participants adaptation to changed environment.
C、She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.
D、She compared the responses of different participants.
50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment？
A、They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.
B、They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.
C、They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.
D、They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.
更多“That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroun”相关的问题
第1题
When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma's generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.
But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware-and-stainless in formality, with dresses assumig an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.
Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is 'eliminating 1,000 jobs--one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company "has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend" toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.
Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it' s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a "real" dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment new ex comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth？ Forget it. Polish the silver？ Who has time？
Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (" Chew with your mouth dosed." "Keep your elbows off the table.") must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.
The trend toward casual dining has resulted in （）．
A.bankruptcy of fine china manufacturers
B.shrinking of the pottery industry
C.restructuring of large enterprises
D.economic recession in Great Britain
第3题
Stupid people often find it difficult to ______ their prejudices.
A) give in B) give away C) give back D) give up
第4题
第6题
A.prevent
B.escape
C.avoid
D.keep
第7题
第8题
A.So
B.This
C.Such
D.What
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