根据下列文章,请回答 21～25 题。 Text 1 In the 1920s demand for American farm products fe

根据下列文章，回答21～25题。

If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006's World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk elite soccer later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks， you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.

What might account for this strange phenomenon？ Here are a few guesses： a） certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills. b） winter-born bathes tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina. c） soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania. d） none of the above.

Anders Ericsson， a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University， says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden， and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment nearly years ago， involved memory： training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject. after about 20 hours of training his digit span had risen from 7 to 20，” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving， and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”

This success coupled with later research showing that memory itself as not genetically determined， led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words， whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully， Ericsson determined， was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather， it involves setting specific goals， obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits， including soccer. They gather all the data they can， not just predominance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own lavatory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion： the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or， put another way， expert performers whether in memory or surgery， ballet or computer programming are nearly always made， not born.

第 21 题 The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to

A．stress the importance of professional training.

B．spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.

C．introduce the topic of what males expert performance.

D．explain why some soccer teams play better than others.

根据下列文章回答，21～25题。

Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the everchanging 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative implication.

So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.

Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try—the more we step outside our comfort zone—the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.

But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.

“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind . “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”

All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.

The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system—that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will... and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.

第 21 题 In Wordsworth’s view，“habits” is characterized by being

A．casual.

B．familiar.

C．mechanical.

D．changeable.

根据下列文章，回答21～25题。

While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men, according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York''s Veteran''s Administration Hospital.

Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries （the female reproductive organs） removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.

Adding to a woman''s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased opportunities for stress. It''s not necessarily that women don''t cope as well. It''s just that they have so much more to cope with, says Dr. Yehuda. Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men''s, she observes, It''s just that they''re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.

Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family numbers, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.

Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but wad determined to finish college. I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better. Later her marriage ended and she became a single mother. It''s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.

Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez''s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.

第 21 题 Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs？

A．Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.

B．Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.

C．Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.

D．Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.

根据下列条件，回答 81～85 题：

某零售企业欲经营某种新产品，现要就进货方案作出决策，如下表(收益矩阵表)所示。 市场状况

进货方案 销路好 销路一般 销路差 A1：2万件 24 21 14 A2：2.2万件 25 20 11 A3：2.3万件 28 20 8 A4：2.5万件 30 18 -7

第 81 题 运用悲观准则，应选择的进货方案应是（）。

A．2万件

B．2.2万件

C．2.3万件

D．2.5万件

根据下列文章，回答 41～45 题。

第 41 题 The author says that the powerful computers of today

根据下列文章，回答 51～55 题。

第 51 题 Why was Kohoutek referred to as“the comet of the century”？

A.400

B.500

C.600

D.700

根据下列材料请回答 16～30 题：

Some years ago，Chinese high school students would show their new schoolbags，new clothes or new pens to their classmates when the new term started．Today，however，all have 16 If you still come back to school 17 0nly these things，you are out—of-date(过时的)。Students in big cities like to bring the latest high．tech things to school，and feel happy and 18 to show off(炫耀)these things to 19 ．Mobile phones，MP3 players，CD players，electronic dictionaries，the list is endless．

Young people think that．1iving in the 21 st century，they must keep up with the 20 They don't want to fall 21 ．Besides，they think 22 they need to keep in touch with their classmates．SO they need mobile phones．They also like to 23 the pop music，SO they need CD players．They explain that， 24 like electronic dictionarjes，these can be 25 in their study， 26 ．They think that their parents should understand 27 they want these things-

Foreign students will also bring some latest high-tech things when they 28 to school at the beginning of a new term． 29 ，they often use the money which they made by themselves during the holiday to 30 these high—tech things that they want．

第 16 题

A．changed

B．come

C．joined

D．stopped

根据下列题干及选项，回答 21～23 题：

英汉对照术语

A．PC（Pharmaceutical Care）

B．DDD（Defined Daily Dose）

C．DID（Drug Induced Diseases）

D．ADR（Adverse Drug Reaction）

E．TDM（Therapeutic Drug Monitoring）

第 21 题 药学服务（）

根据下列选项，回答 21～22 题：

A．苯丙哌林

B．沙丁胺醇

C．水合氯醛

D．溴己新

E．氯丙嗪

第 21 题 肺炎伴哮喘患者（）