In the future trade the key development to watch is the relationship between the industria

A．Take part in

B．Engage

C．Enable

D．Engage in

How does a consumer trade off current and future costs when selecting an air conditioner or other major appliance？ How could this selection be aided by an NPV calculation？

变动：

a．消费者对未来信心的减少导致消费者支出减少而储蓄增多。

b．丰田公司引进新型生产线使一些消费者对外国汽车的偏好大于国产汽车。

c．引进自动取款机减少了货币需求。

Use the Mundell-Fleming model to predict what would happen to aggregate income, the exchange rate, and the trade balance under both floating and fixed exchange rates in response to each of the following shocks:

a．A fall in consumer confidence about the future induces consumers to spend less and save more.

b．The introduction of a stylish line of Toyotas makes some consumers prefer foreign cars over domestic cars.

e．The introduction of automatic teller machines reduces the demand for money.

用小型开放模型预测，在下列每个事件时，贸易余额、实际汇率和名义汇率会发生什么变动。

a．消费者对未来的信心下降引起消费者消费更少而储蓄增加；

b．引进丰田的新型生产线使消费者对外国汽车的偏好大于本国汽车；

c．引进自动取款机减少了货币需求。

Use the model of the small open economy to predict what would happen to the trade balance, the real exchange rate, and the nominal exchange rate in response to each of the following events.

a．A fall in consumer confidence about the future induces consumers to spend less and save more.

b．The introduction of a stylish line of Toyotas makes some consumers prefer foreign cars over domestic ears.

c．The introduction of automatic teller machines reduces the demand for money.

Directions: Translate the following into Chinese: (20 marks)

Mr. Graber believed, therefore, that it might be advisable to consider setting up some research into these inspection methods. Several important sales campaigns were about to be launched, and, in addition, it was hoped that a number of trade delegations visiting Switzerland in the near future would place large orders for office equipment with Schweibeur and its associates. So there was a need to reduce poor quality as soon as possible. (7marks)

Mr. Graber referred to a trip round the world that he would be making within the next twelve months. He would be visiting many Schweibeur associates and subsidiary companies and look forward to seeing all those present once again, in their own countries. (3 marks)

In the discussion that followed, Mr. Aguirre said that he had also had reports about poor quality in some items. He thought that research into this problem could be very beneficial, and considered that it would probably show that a majority of supervisors were not flexible enough in their methods. Mr. Fox agreed that there was a case for looking into the whole problem in detail, and confirmed that many inspection staff might be rather conservative in their methods. Perhaps because they tended to be older employees. Miss Lachenal agreed that this opinion was probably correct, and suggested some aspects of the problem that might be examined by the research team. Some detailed discussion of these followed. (10 marks)

The personal computer (PC) has been around for decades. But it was only in the mid-1990s, with the explosive growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web, that it was first recognized that the technology can be used to do business. It is now fully recognized that shopping in cyberspace, the name given to this world wide electronic network, is the way of the future.

A recent study by the Department of Trade and Industry (the DTI) provides some impressive data. In the United States, the world' s largest consumer of goods， about 21% of the population is now online. Europe is still behind, with only 10% in Britain,for example. But, as we've seen before, when it comes to technology, nothing stays the same for long. The number of people online is rising dramatically throughout the world.

1.According to the passage, how was the cellphone like. a decade ago？

A.It interested few people

B.It cost a lot but was used everywhere

C.It had small size with bad connection

22.People realized that the technology can help do business when

A.the cellphone was everywhere

B.the Internet began to be widely used

C.the personal computer was more and more popular

2.According to the passage, what is the way of the future？

A.Use of personal computers throughout the world

B.Buying or selling via the Internet and the World Wide Web

C.The explosive growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web

3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true？

A.America consumes more goods than other countries

B.The population online in Britain is smaller than that in the Unites States

C.The number of people online is rising slowly throughout the world

4.The passage mainly talks about

A.the cellphone and its influence in some countries

B.development of the Internet technology and its influence

C.the data provided by the Department of Trade and Industry

A quarter of the world’s population now speaks English. If you want to 16 your products, or yourself, you have no choice 17 to do it in English. Politicians and business people must speak English if they want to make their mark 18 the world’s stage. Writers of minority languages can 19 hope to sell their books unless they write in English.

As English is spoken all over the world, it means that no individual country can really exercise a 20 influence over it. In the past, it was the mother tongue 21 who controlled the future of the language. Now, indeed for the last few decades, the mother tongue users are in a significant 22 .

This means that the character of the language could well 23 with new words, new rhythms, and new pronunciations. It isn’t going to be British and American English anymore- that’s 24 . All over the world education authorities are struggling to find the resources to meet the 25 for English.

However, it is open to question whether they are putting all their eggs in one 26 . The future of English language is intimately 27 the electronic revolution. Satellite television and the Internet have helped accelerate the 28 of English, but will that always be the case？

The Internet, 29 , is now seen as the saviour of minority languages. Indeed, with the continuing improvements in electronic translation, will we even need a(n) 30 language？ It is open to question.

16. A. sell B. make C. produce D. trade

17. A. and B. but C. rather D. or

18. A. on B. with C. for D. at

19. A. ever B. still C. no longer D. no more

20. A. negative B. typical C. subtle D. dominant

21. A. speakers B. followers C. believers D. interpreters

22. A. group B. number C. amount D. minority

23. A. alter B. differ C. shift D. vary

24. A. old B. new C. history D. future

25. A. want B. pursuit C. demand D. desire

26. A. box B. basket C. bag D. container

27. A. restricted to B. drawn to C. tied up with D. caught up with

28. A. range B. scope C. spread D. coverage

29. A. as a result B. as a rule C. in addition D. in fact

30. A. global B. unique C. worldly D. international

下，美国的储蓄、投资、贸易余额、利率以及汇率会发生什么变动？(为了使事情简单化，分别考察下面每一种影响。)

a．美国政府由于担心自己需要介入战争，增加了对军事装备的购买。

b．其他国家增加了对高技术武器的需求，这是美国的主要出口。

c．战争使美国企业对未来无法确定．而且，企业的一些投资项目被延期。

d．战争使美国消费者对未来无法确定，而且做出的反应是储蓄更多。

e．美国人变得害怕出国旅行，因此更多的人在美国度假。

f．外国投资者在美国为他们的投资组合寻找一个避风港。

If a war broke out abroad, it would affect the U.S. economy in many ways, Use the model of the large open economy to examine each of the following effects of such a war. What happens in the United States to saving, investment, the trade balance, the interest rate, and the exchange rate？ (To keep things simple, consider each of the following effects separately.)

a．The U.S. government, fearing it may need to enter the war, increases its purchases of military equipment.

b．Other countries raise their demand for high-tech weapons, a major export of the United States.

e．The war makes U.S. firms uncertain about the future, and the firms delay some investment projects.

d．The war makes U.S. consumers uncertain about the future, and the consumers save more in response.

e．Americans become apprehensive about traveling abroad, so more of them spend their vacations in the United States.

f．Foreign investors seek a safe haven for their portfolios in the United States.