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题目
Microsoft and the Justice Department presented the settlement to a federal judge Friday, saying that it would end the antitrust case in a way that would help the declining economy. US District Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly agreed to review it and gave the 18 states involved in the case until Tuesday to decide whether to accept the plan.
Several competitors called on the state attorney generals to insist on making changes to the settlement. Sun Microsystems' general counsel, Michael Morris, said the Justice Department was "walking away from a case they had already won." Paul T. Cappuccio, the general counsel for AOL Time Warner, said the settlement "does too little to promote competition and protect consumers, and can too easily be evaded by a determined monopolist like Microsoft."
The state attorney generals had been pressing for stiffer penalties, but on Friday several said progress had been made. Among the key elements of the settlement, Microsoft would have to:
--Help rivals make products compatible with the Windows operating system, which runs 91 percent of the world's computers.
--Stop using exclusive deals with computer sellers to put competitors at a disadvantage.
--Let three in-house independent experts monitor its compliance.
"We are quite disappointed. We believe there are a lot of issues that have not been addressed," said Michald Mace, chief officer of handheld computer maker Palm, which makes an operating system that competes with one from Microsoft. Several tech executives said the settlement was too focused on restricting Microsoft's Widows monopoly, and not its broader business practices and non-PC initiatives.
"This is a reward, not a remedy. It fails to terminate the illegal monopoly and fails to free the market from anti-competitive conduct," said Kelly Jo Macarthur, general counsel for Real Networks, which makes music and video software, threatened by Windows Media Player. "This agreement allows a declared illegal monopolist to determine, at its sole discretion, what goes into the monopoly operating system in the future," she added.
We can infer from the text that the main issue behind Microsoft's antitrust case is the need ______.
A．to restrict the expansion of software companies
B．to limit the reach of Microsoft's Windows operating system
C．to prevent Microsoft from monopolizing the computer software industry
D．to assist its competitors in making products compatible with Windows
更多“Competitors complain that Microsoft's recent settlement of their antitrust case with the f”相关的问题
第1题
Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.
The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such "captive" shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who fed they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme eases.
Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. "Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace"？ Asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.
Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be tilt with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes. Still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996 was just $427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill？ Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.
According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because ______.
A．cost reduction is based on competition
B．services call for cross-trade coordination
C．outside competitors will continue to exist
D．shippers will have the railway by the throat
第3题
Competitors mustabideby the judge's decision
A.keep
B.read
C.understand
D.obey
第4题
A.employees
B.shareholders
C.competitors
D.customers
第5题
A.to
B.behind
C.off
D.forward
第6题
A.Know-how
B.Core competence
C.Patent
D.Business secret
第7题
A.coordinators
B.partners
C.enterprises
D.competitors
第9题
A.competitors
B. consumers
C. products
第10题
A.do not permit
B.will not permit
C.not permit
D.have not permitted
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