Many countries face some serious problems of land use, ______result from population growth

The brain drain (人才流失) is a universal phenomenon, and countries that don't face up to the new reality will be losing some of their most precious resources. The northeast of England is its poorest region, and has experienced a severe loss of highly qualified professionals-to-be. Some of the most able 18-year-olds are going to other parts of Britain, even to other countries. What is happening here is happening to Britain as a whole. Most noticeably, there is a growing trend of British students' taking degrees in American universities. This year the number will break the psychological barrier of 1 000 students for the first time.

And what is happening at the secondary-school level is happening to higher education. Wherever they come from, today's students have a very different perspective on education from their parents. Because of television, the Internet and their own travels, these students see the world as a much smaller place than their parents once did. They are more confident in accepting the challenge of moving from one country to another, from one culture to another; in many eases they can even apply to schools over the Internet. Students are also more aware of the overall cost of education and are looking for value for money. Plus, for many, education linked to travel is a better option than education at home.

In the context of student globe-trotters (周游世界者), as world-class British universities like Oxford suddenly find themselves fighting over British students with the Harvards of the world, they face major challenges. It is not simply that Harvard is a wealthier institution: Harvard University's endowment— $14.5 billion—is estimated to be ten times that of Oxford. Harvard also offers a radically different educational experience, stressing breadth of study and real-world applications of knowledge.

Today, bound in by nearly a millennium of tradition and lacking sufficient financial help from the national government, Oxford cannot easily respond to the quickened global pace of educational change. Rightly or wrongly, Oxford in particular has been slow—or unwilling—to put the kind of emphasis other universities have on more business-friendly curricula (课程). Thus it has slipped behind universities like Cambridge and Harvard in the battle for resources that tend to go to more business-minded institutions.

Education is an expensive business, but the consequences of a failure to educate—especially in an increasingly globalized world—are even more expensive.

From the first paragraph, we know that ______ .

A．many countries are experiencing the brain drain, Britain is one of them

B．most British students prefer to take degrees in American universities than in British ones

C．Britain is suffering a more serious loss of professionals-to-be than other countries

D．the brain drain is only happening in the northeast poor regions of England

an countries, taking their

MBA in a large UK city. As part of their course requirements, the group has to come up with an innovative business

idea, research into the feasibility of that idea and then present their business plan to a panel. After considerable

brainstorming they have come up with the idea of a themed restaurant based around Mediterranean cooking, menus

and service provisionally called ‘Casa del Mediterraneo’ and located in the city centre.

Initial research has revealed suitable premises to rent, but also the severe competition they will face in a city that is

very cosmopolitan and well provided for with restaurants serving cuisine from many parts of the world. The city has

a student population of around 100,000 and this, together with a young working population, means that there is a

very vibrant social life and a real willingness to sample food from different parts of the world.

Required:

(a) Identify and evaluate the critical success factors and associated competences that the group should consider

in developing their business plan for the restaurant. (12 marks)

翻译：(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.

Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol

(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.

David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that,(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.

If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish ,Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.

(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.

The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.

man will face a period of crisis.【C3】______experts believe that there will be a widespread food【C4】______Other experts think this is【C5】______pessimistic, and that man can keep things【C6】______worse than they are now. But【C7】______that two-thirds of the people in the world are undernourished or starving now.

One thing that man can do is to limit【C8】______of babies born. The need【C9】______this is obvious, but it is【C10】______to achieve. People have to【C11】______to limit their families. In the countries of the population【C12】______, many people like big families. The parents think that this【C13】______a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look【C14】______them in old age.

Several governments have【C15】______birth control policies in recent years.【C16】______them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some【C17】______the results have not been【C18】______. Japan has been an exception. The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1948. People【C19】______to limit their families. The birth rate fell from 34. 3 per thousand per year to about 17. 0 per thousand per year【C20】______.

【C1】

A．increasing

B．to increase

C．and increase

D．with increasing

in a different culture to that of their parents. There are great things about experiencing such a unique childhood. Third culture kids can also face many challenges.

I was born in England, to English parents. When I was two years old my dad got a new job in Poland. Since then I have lived in four other countries around the world. Although I have a British passport，I sometimes don&39;t feel very English at all!

One of the best things about moving around a lot when 1 was younger experiencing many diverse cultures and countries. I was able to try different foods, learn different languages, experience different traditions and meet people from different backgrounds. I am also lucky to have friends all over the world that 1 keep in regular contact with.

However, it wasn&39;t always easy. It often felt like I had only just settled in to the new school city and culture before my parents told me we were moving again. Leaving my friends behind was damaging as a child. I have lost touch with many people 1 was very close to because one of us moved country. It was also very disorientating to have an English passport, but not feel very English at all. Because 1 had no access to English culture, returning 4home, often felt like visiting a foreign country. Happily, now l feel more at home in England—although the question, “where are you from？” still confuses me!

26. A third culture kid may have a ____.

A.dull experience

B.special childhood

C.strong accent

D.traditional lifestyle

The author experienced different traditions by the following EXCEPT ____.A.trying foods of other countries

B.moving around a lot

C.doing different jobs

D.making international friends

The author found it not always easy to ____.A.make new friends

B.find a new school

C.have new teachers

D.adapt to new situations

The word "disorientating" (Para.4) probably means ____.

A.exciting

B.confusing

C.surprising

D.frightening

The author doesn't feel very English because he ____.A.does not have a British passport

B.was not born in England

C.spent more time in other countries

D.has many foreign friends

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

form. of anunfavorable trade bal- ance (贸易逆差)with-other nations. Such an imbalance exists when the total valueof a country's imports ex- ceeds that of its exports. For example, if a countrybuys $ 250 billion of products from other countries, yet sells only $ 100billion of its own products overseas, its trade deficit is $ 150 billion. Manyunderdeveloped nations find themselves in this position because they lacknatural resources or the industrial capacity to use these resources, and thushave to import raw materials or manufactured goods. One effect of a trade deficit is the flowof currency (货币)out of a country. In the case of an underdeveloped nation, this cancause many financial difficulties, including failure to meet debt payments andobstacles to creation of an industrial base. Even in the case of a fullydeveloped nation such as the United States, a large tradedeficit is reason for alarm. American products, made by well-paid workers in USindustries, cost more to produce than those made in places like Asia, wherelabor and material costs are much lower. Money spent on foreign products ismoney not spent on items produced by domestic industries. Whatis the passage mainly about？

A. Several worldwide economic problems.

B. The causes and consequences of tradedeficit.

C. Lack of resources in underdevelopedcountries.

D. The value of exports against imports.

Man cannot go on increasing his number at the present rate. In the (56) 30 years man will face a period of crisis. (57) experts believe that there will be a widespread food (58) Other experts think this is (59) pessimistic (悲观的), and that man can prevent things from (60) worse than they are now. But remember that two thirds of the people in the world are under-nourished or starving now.

(61) thing that man can do is to limit the (62) of babies born. The need (63) this is obvious, but it is not (64) to achieve. People have to be 65 to limit their families. In the countries of the population (66) , many people like big families. The parents think that this (67) a bigger income for the family and ensures there will be someone in the family who will look (68) them in old age.

Several governments have (69) birth control policies in recent years. (70) them are Japan, China, India and Egypt. In some (71) the results have not been successful. Japan has been an (72) . The Japanese adopted a birth control policy in 1948. People were (73) to limit their families. The birth (74) fell from 34. 3 per thousand per year to about 17. 0 per year (75) present.

(61)

A．second

B．recent

C．next

D．late

th in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease,stroke,cancer,diabetes(糖尿病)and lung disorders.

The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen.It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.

The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area.In ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their most economically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.

The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic losses.

Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.Last ween in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.

The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain,Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.

Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic(寄生的)diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.

Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.

UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through two thousand fifteen.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.

第6题：How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015？

A．More than 17 million.

B．More than 380 million.

C．More than 304 million.

D．More than 25 million.

Will We Run Out of Water？

Picture a "ghost ship" sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.

Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world？ For people living near the Aral sea (咸海) in Central Asia, it's all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species offish.

Similar largecale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why？ People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.

"Growing populations will worsen problems with water," says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one-third of the world's projected (预测的) 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.

WHERE WATER GOES

Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice caps (冰盖). In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).

Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live, In fact, the world's population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖). And people use half of this amount already. "If water demand continues to climb rapidly," says Postel, "there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic (水的) environment."

CLOSE TO HOME

Water woes(灾难) may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层), layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.) Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish(补充) it. In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.

Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell iii in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫), a microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea (腹泻) and vomiting.

THE SOURCE

Where so contaminants come from？ In developing countries, people dump raw (未经处理的) sewage(污水) into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and co

A．Y

B．N

C．NG