Some children spend most of their free time （) televisionA.lookingB.seeingC.watchingD.

ren become adults, their social behaviour changes in some ways. What are the main differences between young childrens social behaviour and that of adults？ To what extent are the changes that take place good？ Give reasons for your answer, and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.

"Congratulations, Mr. Cooper, it's a girl. "

Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and【31】a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel【32】when they receive the news,【33】others worry, wondering whether they will be good father.【34】there are some men who like children and may have had【35】experience with them, others do not particularly【36】children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time.【37】other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have【38】willingly or unwillingly.

Whatever the【39】to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to【40】of father is a difficult task.【41】, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to【42】fathers in this resocialization【43】. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers,【44】recently has literature focused on the【45】of a father.

It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not【46】as great as the transition the wife must【47】to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete【48】in daily routine.【49】, the father's role is less demanding and【50】

(32)

A．bring forth

B．bring down

C．bring off

D．bring in

families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school.

Parents are concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.

Parents are also concerned about the commercials (商业广告) that their children see on television. Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.

Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is Sesame Street, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet (字母) and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.

Even though most parents and educators give Sesame Street and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive (被动的) consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it

1). Which of the following statements is not based on the passage？

A. Parents are worried about the influence from television on their children.

B. Television has much influence on children.

C. Both parents and their children like watching educational television.

D. Some critics think that television is no good for children.

2). In what ways do children suffer from television？

A. They become the victims of social violence.

B. They spend hours watching television instead of doing school work.

C. The programs make the children lose interest in the world.

D. The programs make the children spend too much of their parents’ money.

3). Parents would not like their children to see commercials because ______

A. they think that their children are not old enough to handle advertising

B. commercials teach children alphabet and numbers

C. commercials help to sell products

D. they don’t like commercials

4). Educational television is widely appreciated because _____

A. it does have the same commercials as others

B. it offers programs for both children and their parents

C. many parents like the programs it offers for their children

D. children can learn some school subjects before they go to school

5). Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？

A. Watching Too Much Television Is Harmful to Young Minds.

B. Television Is More Harmful than Educational.

C. Television’s Influence on Children.

D. More Education Television.

spending their time in front of the small screen---whether it’s a Smartphone or tablet. In just two years, the number of US children using digital media has doubled to 72 percent, according to a survey by Common Sense Media.

On average, students spend about two hours a day in front of the screen. Watching TV makes up half of this time. But gradually, the time children spend watching TV is decreasing, with more and more time being given to digital media. Some of the common things kids do with digital media are playing games, watching videos and sending messages to friends.

The digital world can be used very effectively. In the survey, 74 percent of teachers said that digital media would improve students’ learning. As students can quickly get hold of information they need.

However, without guidance from teachers or parents, digital media may have bad influence on students’ attention span and communication skills. So it’s always best to use your smartphone and tablet carefully.

When using digital media, you need to find a balance. Just like study, too much can lead to information overload, and give you a headache. Also, make sure your smartphone or tablet doesn’t take priority over more important tasks. Give your eyes a rest, and remember: offline is just as fun as online.

1. Two years ago, the number of US children who use digital media made up _____.{A; B; C}

A. 72%

B. 36%

C. 74%

2. Which is not TRUE according to the passage？{A; B; C}

A. Using digital media is good for students’ learning.

B. Using digital media can improve students’ communication skills.

C. Students should use their digital media under adults’ guidance.

3. The underlined word “overload” in the last paragraph means _____ in Chinese.{A; B; C}

A. 重叠

B. 夸大

C. 超负荷

4. The article mentions that kids usually use digital media to _____.{A; B; C}

①play games

②send message to friends

③watch videos

④shop online

A. ①②③

B. ①②③④

C. ①③④

5. Why is the time children spend watching TV decreasing？{A; B; C}

A. Because they need a balance of study and entertainment.

B. Because the TV shows aren’t interesting at all.

C. Because they turn to spend more time on digital media.

Homeschooling

Just in last year, more than one million children in the United States chose homeschooling but not traditional school education.This surprising figure was published by the National Center for Education Statistics.Homeschooling is a recent development in education.Not very long ago, it was still considered to be too radical by many education experts.Today, it has been accepted n almost every state.Thousands or even millions of children have tried homeschooling and many more parents are seriously considering it.The interesting thing was what led to such a change.There have been many recent surveys to show that parents are getting impatient and fed up with our public schooling system because it doesn't teach children any practical or real-life skills.

Parents are also concerned about the negative news from schools.For example, some students take drugs in schools, fight with schoolmates and even bring guns and knives to school.Parents are deeply worried about how the behavior. of these students would affect their children's healthy growth.

Homeschooling, on the other hand, allows parents to bring up their children in a natural and loving environment.It is especially important in the early years of the children's development (between three and twelve years old) because this is the period when they are easily affected by negative influences and peer pressure.And during this time most of them cannot tell what is right and what is wrong.Obviously, homeschooling can keep them from some of these bad influences.

Homeschooling has some other benefits, Since parents and children spend more time together, a nice relationship or a stronger bond can be formed between them.This bond can connect with them closer than they have ever thought before.If parents choose homeschooling, they can easily pass their moral values and beliefs on to their children since they stay together longer or maybe they are even the teachers themselves.

So what major factors are stopping parents from adopting homeschooling？ One important thing is that homeschooling costs a lot of time and money.For most families, both parents have to work full-time to support the family.Many homeschooling families depend on one parent for the income, while the other parent has to spend all the time on teaching the child.Therefore in some cases, it is not possible to adopt homeschooling if the family doesn't have stable income.

To help and guide homeschooling families, more and more homeschooling support groups are appearing in the neighborhood.Some have even gone online.If parents do decide to choose homeschooling, they can always get advice from a homeschooling support group.

Read this passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions

21.What did many American education experts think of the new trend of homeschooling______

A.They thought it to be a too much revolutionary idea

B.They believed that this trend would develop very fast

C.They encouraged parents to support the new idea of education

D.They hoped that governments would provide more support

22.A growing number of American parents have been accepting and choosing homeschooling as They ______.

A.realized that homeschooling is the only best way to develop their children

B.have found more and more weak points in the public education system

C.thought that public schools can spoil talents more than train them

D.began to realize that public school educators are not worth trusting

23.What do parents try to avoid in educating the kids in their early years______

A.Giving their children less knowledge from books

B.The negative effect from some bad news at school

C.Hiring non-professional educators to teach their children

D.The natural environment for their children to grow in

24.All the following except______are the main advantages brought forth by homeschooling

A.Students got more actively involved in social or community activities

B.Parents invest more time and energy in developing their children

C.Children benefit more from homeschooling than from public schools

D.The environment for learning is much better for children's healthy growth

25.When parents decide to choose homeschooling, they have to consider carefully the following major factors except the______.

A.time and energy parents have to invest

B.environment for children to learn and interact

C.Stable Income to afford the cost for children's learning

D.relationship between their children and other students

ked and cared for the children.The father earned the money for the family.He was usually out working all day.He came home tired in the evening and so did not see the children very much, except on weekends.These days, however, many women work outside the home.They can’t be at home with the children all day.They, too, come home tired in the evening.They don’t have time to do the housework.Today she can get help.Mothers can leave their children at the day-care centers during the day.The company a woman works for may allow her to work part-time.In that way, she can earn some money, but she can also be with her children part of every day.Now many men share the housework with their wives.The husband may also spend more time at home with the children.In the United States more and more men are becoming househusbands every year.These changes in the home mean changes in the family.Fathers can be closer to their children because they are at home more.Fathers and children can understand each other better.Husbands and wives may also find changes in their marriage.They, too, may have better understanding of each other.

(1)Twenty-five years ago most women().

A.had no children

B.worked

C.weren’t housewives

D.were housewives

(2)In those days men ().

A.saw their children in the evenings and on weekends

B.spent a lot of time with their children

C.played with the children all day

D.never saw the children

(3)Today there are ().

A.more housewives

B.more women working outside the home

C.not so many women working

D.no jobs for women

(4)Day-care centers help ().

A.working mothers with their children

B.housewives

C.with cooking and cleaning

D.women with the housework

(5)This passage is about ().

A.housewives

B.American men

C.how many American women are working

D.how family life in America is changing

“Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it's a girl.”

Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.

Whatever the response to the birth of a child, it is clear that the change from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.

It is argued by some writers that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must make to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete change in daily routine and adjustment, and the father's role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.

1.According to the author, how do men feel after they become fathers ().

A、They feel like they need some more experience

B、They have a feeling that they must do a lot of planning

C、Some men feel proud and others uneasy

D、They have a feeling of not caring about things

2.Which of the following is stated in the passage ().

A、Some parents have a child accidentally and they are not prepared.

B、Young couples do not want to have children at all these days.

C、Working couples turn to their parents to take care of their children.

D、Many parents look forward to having a girl as their first child

3.In the third paragraph, the author ().

A、thinks fathers should take their responsibilities in raising children

B、criticizes writers for writing so much about being a father

C、supports the idea that a father should also run the home well

D、complains that husbands cannot get much help being a father

4.The change of the mother's role requires that the wife ().

A、just do whatever she likes to do in her life

B、change completely to deal with the new situation

C、work only within her own home if she can

D、help her husband with his trade or business

5.Some writers argue that with respect to the change of roles, fathers, compared with mothers,().

A、have to bear more burdens

B、make a more difficult adjustment

C、have an easier job to do

D、shoulder more burdens

having their own ___21___. Many students work after school to buy a car. In most places young people learn to drive in high school. They have to take a ___22___ test to get a licence. Learning to drive and getting a driver's ___23___ may be one of the most exciting things in their lives. For many, that piece of paper is an important symbol that they are now grown-ups.

Americans seem People almost never go to see a doctor when they are ___24___. But they will take their cars to a “hospital”at the smallest sign of a problem. At weekends, people spend most of the time in washing and waxing their cars. For some families it is not enough to have ___25___ car. They often have two or even three. Husbands need a car to go to work. Housewives need a car to go shopping or to take the children to school or other activities.

21.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

22.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

23.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

24.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

25.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

tive and healthy adults.In the United States, elementary and middle schools are advised to give students two and a half hours of physical activity a week.That is what the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association recommend (推荐). They say high schools should provide about four hours of physical activity each week. Yet many schools across the country have reduced their physical education programs. Criticism of the cuts has led in some places to efforts to give students more time for exercise, not less.

The future health of Americans may depend on it. Just this week, a study reported that life expectancy (预期寿命) has fallen or is no longer increasing in some parts of the United States. The situation is worst among poor people in the southern states, and especially women. Public health researchers say it is largely the result of increases in obesity (肥胖), smoking and high blood pressure. They also blame differences in health services around the country.

In 2006, a study found that only four percent of elementary schools provided daily physical education all year for all grades. This was true of eight percent of middle schools and two percent of high schools. The study also found that 22 percent of all schools did not require students to take any P. E. (体育课).

Charlene Burgeson is the executive director of the National Association for Sport and Physical Education. She says one problem for P. E. teachers is that schools are under pressure to put more time into academic subjects. Also, parents may agree that children need exercise in school. Yet many parents today still have bad memories of being chosen last for teams because teachers favored the good athletes in class.

But experts say P. E. classes have changed. They say the goal has moved away from competition and toward personal performance, as a way tp build a lifetime of activity. These days, teachers often lead activities like weight training and yoga. Some parents like the idea of avoiding competitive sports in P.E class. Yet others surely dislike that idea. In the end, schools may find themselves in a no-win situation.

Why are schools recommended to give students certain time for sports？

A．Because different schools set up different physical education programs.

B．Because the physical activity of children will influence their health in adulthood.

C．Because nowadays children spend too much time on their studies.

D．Because only four percent of elementary schools provided daily physical education.