题目
As he had a science degree and varied experience in () technology, he found a good job in a communications firm.
A. transportation
B. engineering
C. nursing
D. printing
知识点: Unit1assignment
第2题
As he had a science degree and varied experience in ()
A. transportation
B. engineering
C. nursing
D. printing
第3题
第4题
So, too, are accomplishments in many other areas. Psychological studies of the lives of eminent painters, writers, musicians, philosophers, religious leaders, and scientists of previous centuries, as well as prizewinning adolescents in this country today, reveal early, intense concentration on previous work in their fields, often to the near-exclusion of other activities. It appears, though, that science and mathematics, because of their highly specialized and abstract symbolism, may require the greatest concentration and per severance.
The same fundamental thought process, moreover, appear to be required in both elementary and advanced science, as Simon and his colleagues have shown. "The development of literacy, the acquisition of information, and the problem-solving of beginners differ in degree rather than in kind from mental activities of experts. The scarce resources are opportunities and concentration rather than the amount of information available or the processing capacity of the mind, both of which, for practical purposes are unlimited.
The passage says that in the 1960s it was a widespread belief that distinguished scientific accomplishments were ______.
A.made mostly by accident
B.the results of painstaking efforts
C.the results of sudden bursts of creativity
D.made only by distinguished characters
第5题
We【60】our children to school to【61】them for the time【62】they will have to work【63】themselves. Nearly everything they study at school has some【64】use in their life, but is that the only reason【65】they go to school?
There is【66】in education than just learning facts. We go to school【67】all to learn how to learn,【68】when we have【69】school, we can continue to learn. A man who really knows【70】will always be successful, because【71】he has to do something new which he has never had to do【72】, he will rapidly teach himself how to do it in the best【73】. The uneducated person,【74】, is probably unable to do something new, or does it badly. The purpose of schools, therefore, is not just to teach languages, mathematics, etc. ,【75】to teach pupils the way to learn.
(56)
A.either
B.whether
C.ever
D.as well
第6题
Before World War I, we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have nothing but the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local bird and above all, the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigation. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people’s observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my curious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research. But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self-discipline but also hard-training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, there can be little doubt that you get the best of both worlds.
1). Which of the following is characteristic of the author’s childhood?
A. he suffered from serious loss of hearing.
B. he didn’t get on well with his brothers and sisters.
C. he showed strong interest in flowers and insects.
D. he was good at reading at an early age.
2). The author fails to remember his relatives clearly in that _______.
A. he was too young then
B. he had a poor memory
C. he spent little time living with them
D. he was absorbed in observing nature
3). It can be concluded that one essential quality required by a scientist is _______.
A. self-discipline
B. a powerful memory
C. being enthusiastic
D. having a sharp eye
4). The author believes that he is ________.
A. a scientist as well as a naturalist
B. not a naturalist but a scientist
C. not a scientist but a naturalist
D. neither a scientist nor a naturalist
5). It can be inferred that it is almost impossible to _______.
A. make someone become a naturalist
B. make someone become a scientist
C. tell the difference between science and nature
D. take an interest in both science and nature
第7题
The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.
“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors(SBoRE). Manuscript. will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.
Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”
Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group. He says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” He agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”
John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is “a most welcome step forward” and “long overdue.” “Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,” he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research, according to David Vaux, a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process”. Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’ in the first place”.
31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that
[A] Science intends to simplify their peer-review process.
[B] journals are strengthening their statistical checks.
[C] few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.
[D] lack of data analysis is common in research projects.
32. The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to
[A] found.
[B] marked.
[C] revised.
[D] stored.
33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may
[A] pose a threat to all its peers.
[B] meet with strong opposition.
[C] increase Science’s circulation.
[D]set an example for other journals.
34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now
[A] adds to researchers’ workload.
[B] diminishes the role of reviewers.
[C] has room for further improvement.
[D]is to fail in the foreseeable future
35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
[A] Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers.
[B] Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect
[C] Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’ Desks
[D] Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science
第8题
One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860 when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prize-fighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.
Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries, who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as £ 100 for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836.
1. Boxing in the 18th century was crude because _____.
A. boxers fought with bare fists
B. there were no regulations
C. boxers could be seriously injured or even killed during a match
D. All of the above
2. What do you think led to the change of crude prize-fighting into a sport? _____
A. Prize money.
B. The introduction of science to the game.
C. The use of gloves.
D. The first set of rules of boxing.
3. Why did Mendoza enjoy tremendous popularity in his day? _____
A. He had defeated his own coach.
B. He was the first to introduce the use of gloves.
C. He did much to change prize-fighting into a sport.
D. He had drawn up the first set of rules of boxing.
4. Mendoza _____ when he was only a teenager.
A. was seriously injured
B. enjoyed more popularity than Humphires
C. made a great deal of money
D. gained fame quickly
5. Humphries turned against Mendoza because _____.
A. Mendoza refused to be his pupil
B. he was jealous of Mendoza's success
C. Mendoza rose to fame swiftly
D. Mendoza was quick to learn
第9题
his memories of the family farm led him into horticulture(园艺).the study habits he had acquired in the orphanage helped him a great deal because he did not care for the life outside his university, and gearhart saw many of his former classmates fall behind, then, as he puts it, he “fell in love with genetics.”
after earning his b. sc. in biological(生物的)science at penn in 1964,he moved to the university of new hampshire(新罕布什尔州),where he got his m. sc in genetics in 1966. he received his ph.d. degree in genetics, development&embryology(胚胎学)from cornell university in 1970.
through all these years gearhart had only occasional contact with his mother . his studies had led him far from the farming concerns of his family in pennsylvania,when his mother became seriously ill,she came to johns hopkins hospital for treatment, and it was only then, in her last months of life, that gearhart felt he finally came to know the mother who had been forced to give him up so many years before.
on november 10, 1998, john gearhart reported his important findings in genetics. he is now one of the most famous scientists in the united states, a leader in the field of genetics research..
51、John Gearhart was sent to the orphanage because______.
A.his mother was ill
B.his father died
C.his father couldn't support his family
D.his mother didn't like him
52、it can be learned from the passage that ____contributed a lot to his success.
A.one of his brothers
B.his classmates in the orphanage
C.his memories of the family farm
D.his study habits developed in the orphanage
53、John Gearhart attended all the following universities EXCEPT____.
A.Cornell University
B.Pennsylvania State University
C.University of New Hampshire
D.Johns Hopkins University
54、John Gearhart is well-known for his important findings in______.
A.biology
B.horticulture
C.genetics
D.farming
55、John Gearhart didn't understand why his mother gave him up so many years before until ___
A.his mother’s death
B.his great success in his work
C.his mother's last months of life
D.his graduation from Cornell university
第10题
Part B
Directions: You will hear four dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.
听力原文: Miss Richards was a teacher at a school for boys and girls. She taught chemistry and physics from the lowest to the highest classes in the school. Sometimes the new classes learnt rapidly, but sometimes they were very slow, and then Miss Richards had to repeat the things many times.
One year, the first class had been studying chemistry for several weeks then Miss Richards suddenly asked, "What is water? Who knows? Hold up your hand."
There was silence for a few seconds, and Miss Richards felt sad but then one boy raised his hand.
"Yes, Dick?" said Miss Richards encouragingly. He was not one of the brightest students in the class, so she was glad that this boy could answer.
"Water is a liquid which has no color until you wash your hands in it, then it turns black," the boy replied with great confidence.
Who was Miss Richards?
A.A chemistry teacher.
B.A science teacher.
C.An art teacher.
D.A physics teacher.
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