Any negative tradition or behavior. that is generally regarded as harmful to social welfare and forbidden within a cultural or social group.

What made the most negative impression on foreign visitors？

A．The country's vastness.

B．The informal friendliness of Americans.

C．The fact that the American accent is hard to understand.

D．The fact that not many Americans can speak any foreign language.

此题为判断题(对，错)。

The usual way to ensure reliable delivery is to provide the (71) with some feedback about what is happening at the other end of the line. Typically, the protocol calls for the receiver to send back special (72) flame bearing positive or negative (73) about the incoming frames. If the sender receives a positive acknowledgement about a frame, it knows the frame. has arrived safely. On the other hand, a negative acknowledgement means that' something has gone wrong, and the frame. must be transmitted again.

An additional complication comes from the possibility that hardware troubles may cause a flame to (74) completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame. and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame. is ever lost due to, for example, (75) hardware.

A．receiver

B．controller

C．sender

D．customer

Passage two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

There isn't any question about Washington's greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.

Basically the author's opinion of Washington is______.

A. praiseful

B. derogatory

C. critical

D. negative

frame. to （74） completely. In this case, the receiver will not react at all, since it has no any reason to react. It should be clear that a protocol in which the sender transmits a frame. and then waits for an acknowledgement, positive or negative, will hang forever if a frame. is ever lost due to, for example, （75） hardware.

（71）

A. receiver

B. controller

C. sender

D. customer

（72）

A. data

B. control

C. request

D. session

（73）

A. application

B. connection

C. stream

D. acknowledgement

（74）

A. vanish

B. vary

C. appear

D. incline

（75）

A. acting

B. working

C. malfunctioning

D. functioning

阅读理解

Diversity is key to the success of any Corporation. We want to be able to work in an environment where we are all respected and people can work to their maximum potential That's what keeps us Creating a workplace that all employees perceive as fair and equitable, no matter what their differences are, is very important. More and more companies are addressing the needs of diversity in the workforce.

Once viewed as negative, a diverse group of employees is now seen as an asset. Corporations that want to operate around the globe need to have diverse sources of talent and information to be successful.

Diversity in the American workplace is a fact. Even if you are not exposed to international diversity, your coworkers probably come from different ethnic background, practice differen religions, and hold different view 幽 on politics, work, and problem solving. To some extent, we take these differences for granted. Everyone is an individual, after all. Recezing the source or nature of diversity. However, can help make our work relationships smoother and more productive.

21. Which of the following statements is NOT true？ ()

A. in the past, cultural diversity was considered negative

B. At present, cultural diversity is considered negative

C. At present, cultural diversity is considered positive

22. The word "potential" in the first paragraph means_______.

A. the possibility of something happening

B. the difference in voltage in an electric field

C. qualities that exist and can be developed

23. A group consisting of workers coming from different cultural backgrounds is considered.()

A. a good thing

B. a bad thing

C. neither good nor bad

24. From the second paragraph we can infer that _______.

A. workers in more and more companies are putting on better clothes

B. more and more companies are becoming more culturally diversified

C. all American companies are becoming more fair and e4uitable

25. "We take these differences for granted" in the last paragraph means _____.

A. we do not question the source of these differences

B. we do not recognize the value of these differences

C. we pay great attention to these differences

Recent research had claimed that an excess of positive ions (离子) in the air can have an ill-effect on people's physical or psychological health. What are positive ions？ Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charges. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorms, earthquakes or when winds are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibers, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.

When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea (恶心) or even mental disturbance. Animals are also found to be affected, particularly before earthquakes; snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation(冬眠), rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in all effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.

Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.

To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionizers : small portable machines which generate negative ions. They claim that ionizers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment.

After all, it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.

According to the passage, static electricity can be caused by

A．using home-made electrical goods.

B．wearing clothes made of natural materials.

C．walking on artificial floor coverings.

D．copying TV programs on a computer.

Technology surrounds us and is a part of our daily lives. We can find technological innovations at home , our workplaces , our schools , and our playgrounds. (1)________technology has improved our lives in some ways , it has also brought many negative(2)________.

Modern technology has made life very (3) ________. We have everything we need and our inventions take care of so many unpleasant details in our day-to-day lives. Foods from all over the world are available at local supermarkets. International travel is now fast and easy. We can talk to friends on cell phones any time. anywhere. and we can catch a TV show from many countries far away.

(4)________. these conveniences have a price. We consume too much energy and too many resources , and we create too much waste. The world is overflowing with pollution and waste. We cannot continue like this forever. We should be more responsible about protecting our world while still enjoying conveniences. (5)________our natural world is destroyed. The conveniences will be useless.

But if you're unhappy, it can't do you any good to smile, can it？ Not true. Apparently, the positive effects of smiling are just the same whether you feel like smiling or not. Scientists in California asked a group of actors to act five different feelings; happiness, sadness, anger, surprise and fear—just using their faces. Changes in their heart rate, blood pressure and temperature were written down. Most of the feelings they acted didn't cause changes, but when the actors smiled, their heart rate and their blood pressure went down. This happened to make them feel better.

A sense of humor also helps to keep things in perspective. Interfering friends or a flat tire won't seem quite so bad if you can see the funny side. So if you find yourself in a stressful situation, try to imagine how it must seem to an outsider with a sense of humor and let yourself laugh. A psychologist writes, " If people try to show a positive reaction instead of a negative one, this will eventually become part of their personality. If you start to laugh, in time you will actually become happier.

How do people differ from other animals？