A vessel’s bottom will be subjected to tension when weight is concentrated ______.A.amidsh

A.Concentration of weight aft

B.Concentration of weight forward

C.Concentration of weight amidships

D.Concentration of weight at both ends of the vessel

______ is the most common cause of ice formation．

A.The freezing of raindrops on contact with the vessel's structure

B.Drastic fall in ambient temperature

C.The deposit of water droplets on the vessel's structure

D.Snowfall

Overcarriage is best prevented by ______.

A.assuring heavy cargo is stowed low in the vessel

B.checking the vessel's load line calculations carefully

C.inspection of the hold at completion of discharge

D.stowing the cargo which is to be discharged last on the bottom

A Master would be well advised to file a note of protest if ______.

A.Portions of his vessel’s cargo were illegally impounded

B.Longshore labor went on strike in a port causing undue vessel delay

C.Cargo was received at ship side which was damaged in land transit

D.The vessel encountered heavy weather which might have caused bottom damage

材料:

At 0840 hrs，with the ship&39;s head on 180°，the UNISOL grounded on a rocky bottom，forward of the main engine on her starboard side．A spout of water mixed with oil about 60cm in diameter and 2.5-3m high above the engine room bottom plating was observed，and at which time the main engines seemed to slow down．

The engine room flooded rapidly and the water level soon reached the electro-magnetic couplings，stopping the main engine．In the meantime，on being apprised of the situation，the Master ordered the evacuation of the engine room，which was successfully carried out under the supervision of the 2/E engineer，and the engine room crew were mustered on the boat deck wearing life jackets．

Shortly thereafter，the emergency air cut-off to the engine room and the emergency fuel shut-off were actuated causing the main generator to stop at 0845 hrs．The emergency generator then started up automatically．The starboard anchor was dropped in an attempt to prevent further westward drift．The vessel was by this time being subjected to pounding on the rocks，eventually breaking her back at 0930 hrs after which the violent motion ceased. Evacuation of the vessel commenced at 1045 hrs using 2 SAR helicopters with a Buffalo fixed-wing aircraft in attendance，and was completed at 1220 hours．

问题：

The main engine was caused to stop by the loss of the function of ________．

A.engine room bottom plating

B.emergency fuel shut-off

C.emergency air cut-off

D.electro-magnetic couplings

The reason that the violent motion of the vessel ceased was that ________．A.the starboard anchor was dropped properly to prevent further westward drift

B.the winds and/or seas decreased in a considerable extent

C.the vessel was held fast on the grounding rocks

D.the vessel's back was broken

This report is most likely prepared by ________．A.the master of the vessel

B.the cargo owners of the vessel

C.the shippers of the vessel

D.the independent investigator of the accident

The crew were taken off the vessel by ________．A.air-planes

B.helicopters

C.an fixed-wing aircraft

D.the boat under the supervision of the 2/E engineer

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

The best method to stop a vessel from dragging anchor in a sand bottom is to ______.

A.reduce the length of the cable

B.pay out more anchor cable

C.back the engines

D.swing the rudder several times to work the anchor into the bottom

A sufficient amount of chain must be veered when anchoring a vessel to ensure ______.

A.the vessel has enough room to swing while at anchor

B.the anchor flukes bite into the ocean bottom

C.there is a sufficient scope of chain to keep the anchor on the bottom

D.there is more chain out than there is in the chain locker

A.A vessel engaged in diving operations

B.A pilot vessel

C.A vessel trawling

D.All of the above

A.Dredging (of anchor )

B.Dragging (of anchor )

C.Weighing anchor

D.Walking out anchor

A.crossover

B.runaround

C.come-along

D.manifold