专家系统（Expert System)源于计算机领域中对于（)的研究，是这方面应用最成熟的一个领域。A．计算机

A.1972年，斯坦福研制MYCIN专家系统，他是一种帮助医生对住院的血液感染患者进行诊断和选用抗菌素类药物进行治疗的人工智能专家系统，在临床应用中获得巨大成功

B.1980年，CMU为DEC设计了一套名为XCON的“专家系统”，取得巨大成功，标志着人工智能发展的第二次高潮的到来

C.DENDRAL专家系统是一种帮助化学家判断某待定物质的分子结构的专家系统，由斯坦福大学研制，1965年开始研制，1968年研制成功，它的出现标志着人工智能的一个新领域——专家系统的诞生

D.专家系统是早期人工智能的一个重要分支，由知识表示和知识推理技术来模拟通常由领域专家才能解决的复杂问题

Artificial intelligence (AI) ,an interdisciplinary field, is usually regarded as a branch of computer science, dealing with models and systems for the performance of functions generally associated with human intelligence, such as(71)and learning.In AI, knowledge-based system is an information(72)system that provides for solving problems in a particular domain or application area by drawing inferences from a knowledge base. Moreover, some knowledge-based systems have learning capabilities. Expert system (ES) indicates the knowledge-based system that provides for solving problems in a particular domain or application area by drawing inferences from a knowledge base developed from human(73). Some expert systems are able to(74)their knowledge base and develop new inference rules based on their experience with previous problems. The term "expert system" is sometimes used(75)with "knowledge-based system", but should be taken to emphasize expert knowledge.

A．inferring

B．reasoning

C．deriving

D．proving

An expert system is a software that(41)specialist knowledge-about a particular domain of(42)and is capable of making(43)decisions with in that domain. Although expert systems typically focus on a very narrow domain, they have achieved dramatic success with(44)problems, This has excited wide spread interest outside the research laboratories from which they emerged.Expert systems have given rise to a set of "knowledge engineering" methods constituting a new approach to design of high performance software system. This new approach represents an(45)change with revolutionary consequences.

A．develops

B．directory

C．effect

D．encapsulates

E．evolutionary

rientation emphasizes ongoing documentation throughout each cycle and technique applied. Program-wide documentation is suggested, both for the purpose of internal(71)and for later verification and(72)efforts: The documentation system we propose includes a central "knowledge acquisition(73)"which is(74)to reflect knowledge acquisition plans, session nodes, and domain expert participation. Specifically,(75)within the database system include knowledge acquisition forms, which document plans for, and notes from, knowledge acquisition session, domain expert file, and rule content forms.

A．interchange

B．interface

C．communication

D．message

(66)has also seen dramatic advances. Activity in the past years was characterized by new low-cost, powerful Lisp machines, the introduction of AI workstations, Lisp compilers becoming available for all major professional and engineering workstations, and the personal computer emerging as a(67). tool for expert system development. The next few years will see this technology evolves further.Because the(68)of an AI computer represents a sizable investment, companies should carefully(69)all options that are available as well as have a good idea of what the next generation of systems will offer in order to(70)the optimum system. This publication provides the information necessary to gain this understanding.

A．choice

B．read

C．important

D．software

E．hardware

A.知识库

B.模型库

C.对话管理器

D.专家系统

A.实现真正的单一数据源，保证设计数据的唯一性

B.消除可能的双源数据之间的不协调

C.方便数据管理，提高数据安全性

D.当制造工程师使用3D模型时，将大大减少物理样机的制造

E.3D工具、标准件库及专家系统的应用将缩短30%-50%的产品开发周期

A.实现真正的单一数据源，保证设计数据的唯一性

B.消除可能的双源数据之间的不协调

C.方便数据管理，提高数据安全性

D.当制造工程师使用3D模型时，将大大减少物理样机的制造

E.3D工具、标准件库及专家系统的应用将缩短30%-50%的产品开发周期